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Grade 9 Second Semster > Science Electricity > Flashcards

Science Electricity Flashcards

(87 cards)

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1
Q

Static Electricity

A

a stationary electric charge.

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2
Q

Electrical Discharge

A

sudden transfer of electrical charge form one object to another

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3
Q

Charge Seperation

A

concentration of like charges in specific areas of a neutral object, caused by the approach of a charged object

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4
Q

Van de Graaft Generator

A

a device that uses thr friction between a rubber belt and a metal sphere to create a build-up of static electricity

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5
Q

Current Electricity

A

electricity that flows continuously

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6
Q

Electrical Current

A

the steady flow of charged particles

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7
Q

Ammeter

A

A device that is used to measure the current

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8
Q

Ampere (A)

A

the unit of measure for electrical current

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9
Q

Voltage (V)

A

a measureof how much electrical energy a charged particle carries

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10
Q

Volt

A

the unit of measure for voltage

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11
Q

Resistance (R)

A

the measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow through a substance

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12
Q

Ohm (Ω)

A

the unit of measure for resistance

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13
Q

Conductor

A

a material that electric charge can move through easily

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14
Q

Insulator

A

a substance that strongly resists the flow of electricity

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15
Q

Ciruit

A

a complete path that charged particles flow through

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16
Q

Load

A

a device in a circuit that converts electrical energy to another form of energy

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17
Q

Potential Difference

A

the change in the potential energy of electric charge compared to its potential energy at a reference point

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18
Q

Ammeter

A

a device used to measure electrical current

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19
Q

Voltmeter

A

a device used to measures voltage

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20
Q

Ohmmeter

A

a device used to measure resistance in a circuit

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21
Q

Multimeter

A

a device used to measure current, voltage, or resistance in a circuit

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22
Q

Short circuit

A

an unintended, low-resistance, alternate path between two points a circuit

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23
Q

Ground

A

especially in electrical wiring, this refers to another pathway for electricity to safely get to the ground

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24
Q

Fuses

A

a thin piece of metal that melts to break and electrical circuit when excess current flow occurs

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25
Circuit Breaker
a special wire that heats up and turns off a switch when exccess current flows through an electrical circuit
26
Cells
a package of chemicals designed to produce small amounts of electricity from chemical reactions
27
Electrochemical Cell
a package of chemicals designed to produce small amounts of electricity from chemical reactions
28
Electrolyte
a liquid or paste that conducts electricity because it contains ions
29
Electrode
a conductor through which electric current enters or leaves a device or material
30
Dry Cell
an electrochemical cell whose electrolyte is in the form of a liquid the type of cell commonly used portable devices
31
Wet Cell
an electrochemical cell whose elctrolyte is in the form of a liquid the type of cell commonly used in vehicles
32
Primary Cell
a cell that produces electricity through chemical reactions and cannot b reversed or reused once all of its potential for chemical reaction has been depleted
33
Secondary Cells
a rechargeable cell
34
Battery
a set of electrochemical cells connected together to provide a larger voltage
35
Electrolysis
the desomposition of a chemical compound by using an electric current
36
Electroplating
the use of electricity to coat a thin layer of metal onto an object
37
Semiconductor
a material having a conductivity greater than an insulator but less than a good conductor
38
Superconductor
a substance with no resistance to electron flow
39
Resistors
a device having resistance to the passage of electrical current, often used to control current in a circuit
40
Switch
a device that controls the flow of electrons in a circuit by being open (Stop) closed (go)
41
Variable Resistor
a resistor whose resistance can be manipulated by adjusting the portion of the resistor that the current travels through
42
Rheostat
a resistor whose resistance can be manipulated by adjusting the portion of the resistor that the current travels through
43
Ohm's Law
the law stating that, as long as the temp. remains constant, then the resistance of a conductor remains constant, and the current is directly proportional to the voltage applied.
44
Schematic
a diagram using symbols to show the components and connections in a circuit
45
Power Source
provides energy to the circuit
46
Conductor
provides a path for the current to flow
47
Switch
an on/off
48
Load
a device to convert electrical energy into another form
49
Series Circuit
a circuit which has one a single pathway for the current so that the same current passes through all components
50
Parallel Circuit
a circuit in which the current can flow in multiple paths
51
Energy
the ability to do work
52
Joule (J)
the unit of measure for energy
53
Chemical Energy
energy stored in chemical and released when chemicals react
54
Electrical Energy
the energy of charged particles
55
Mechanical Energy
energy possessed by an object because of its motion or its potential to move
56
Thermal Energy
total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance
57
Thermalcouple
a device consisting of two wires of different metals joined such that a voltage is produced between the ends in proportion to the difference in temp
58
Electromagnet
a coil of wire that becomes a magnet when current moves through it
59
Motor
a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
60
Commutator
the split ring in a motor that breaks the flow of electricity momentarily
61
Brush
the mechanisms that make electrical contact with the moving commutator in a motor
62
Armature
the rotating shaft and coil in a motor or generator
63
Direct Current
current that flows in only one direction
64
Alternating Current
current that flows back and forth 60 times per second
65
Transformer
a device that changes the voltage of electricity
66
Electromagnetic Induction
the generation of electric current in a conductor by changing magnetic field
67
Power
the rate at which a device converts energy
68
Watt (W)
the unit of measure for power
69
Kilowatts per hour (kWh)
the commonly used unit of electrical energy, equal to a power consumption of 1000 W per 1 hour
70
The Law of Conervation of Energy
the fundamental principle that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but only changed from one form into another
71
Efficiency
the ratio of useful energy output to the total energy input in a device or system
72
Fossil Fuels
fuel formed from dead plants and animals
73
Hydro-electric
electricity generated using the flow of water
74
Turbine
a machine that uses the flow of a fluid to rotate a shaft
75
Nuclear Fission
the splitting of atoms, which releases large amounts energy
76
Geothermal Energy
the energy derived from the internal heat of the Earth
77
Biomass
organic matter used as an energy source
78
Alternate Energy
other sources of energy | Ex) solar, wind, tides
79
Fuel Cell
a primary cell that generates electricity directly from a chemical reaction
80
Nonrenewable
a resource that cannot be replenished
81
Renewable
a resource that is continually replenished and can be used indefinitely
82
Fly Ash
fine airborne ash produced by burning of coal or other solid fuels
83
Sustainability
the use of resources at a rate that can be maintained indefinitely
84
PIV
Power- on top (W) Current- Bottom (A) Voltage- Bottom (V)
85
EPt
Energy- Top (J) (Ws) Power- Bottom (W) Time- Bottom (s)
86
VIR
Voltage- on top (V) Current- Bottom (A) Resistance- Bottom Ohms (Ω)
87
Efficienticy
Useful Energy over Input of energy times 100.

Grade 9 Second Semster (5 decks)

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