Scripting, Cloud, Virtualization Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

What is a script?

Text file containing commands to automate tasks

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What are the benefits of scripting?

Automate repetitive tasks, reduce human error

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What is the difference between interpreted and compiled scripts?

Scripts run by interpreter, programs pre-compiled

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What is the purpose of a variable in scripting?

Store and manipulate data during execution

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What is a loop function?

Repeat code block multiple times

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What is a conditional statement?

Execute code based on true/false conditions

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What is the file extension for Windows batch files?

.bat

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What is the file extension for PowerShell scripts?

.ps1

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What is the extension for Visual Basic Scripts?

.vbs

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What is the extension for Linux shell scripts?

.sh

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What is the extension for Python scripts?

.py

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What is the extension for JavaScript files?

.js

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What are the types of variables in programming?

Boolean
Integer
Float
Character
String

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What is the purpose of a for loop?

Repeat when number of iterations known

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What is the purpose of a while loop?

Repeat while condition is true

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What is the purpose of an if-then-else statement?

Execute different code based on conditions

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What is the definition of a function?

Reusable block of code with specific purpose

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What is the purpose of comments in code?

Document code for human understanding

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What is an example of system restart automation?

Schedule reboots during maintenance windows

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What is an example of software installation automation?

Deploy applications across multiple systems

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What is an example of file backup automation?

Copy important data to backup locations

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What is an example of user account management automation?

Create, modify, or disable user accounts

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What is the definition of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?

Rent virtual machines, storage, networks

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What is the definition of Platform as a Service (PaaS)?

Development platform without infrastructure management

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What is the definition of Software as a Service (SaaS)?

Complete applications accessed via internet

Give an example of IaaS.

* Amazon EC2 * Microsoft Azure VMs

Give an example of PaaS.

* Google App Engine * Azure App Service

Give an example of SaaS.

* Office 365 * Salesforce * Gmail

What defines a public cloud?

Shared infrastructure accessible over internet

What defines a private cloud?

Dedicated infrastructure for single organization

What defines a hybrid cloud?

Combination of public and private clouds

What defines a community cloud?

Shared by organizations with common needs

What is multi-cloud?

Using multiple cloud service providers

What are the benefits of cloud services?

* Scalability * Cost efficiency * High availability * Global accessibility * Automatic updates * Disaster recovery

What is virtualization?

Running multiple virtual machines on single hardware

What is the purpose of a hypervisor?

Software that manages virtual machines

What is a Type 1 hypervisor?

Runs directly on hardware (bare metal)

What is a Type 2 hypervisor?

Runs on top of existing operating system

What is a virtual machine (VM)?

Software-based computer running inside host

What is a host system?

Physical computer running hypervisor

What are the benefits of virtualization?

* Hardware consolidation * Cost reduction * Isolation * Snapshot capability * Resource allocation * Testing environment

What is VMware vSphere?

Enterprise Type 1 hypervisor

What is Microsoft Hyper-V?

Windows-integrated virtualization

What is VirtualBox?

Free Type 2 hypervisor for desktops

What is VMware Workstation?

Professional Type 2 hypervisor

What is KVM?

Linux kernel-based virtualization

What is Xen?

Open-source Type 1 hypervisor

What is a container?

Lightweight alternative to full virtualization

What is Docker?

Popular container platform

What is the difference between containers and VMs?

Containers share OS kernel, VMs have separate OS

What are the benefits of containers?

Faster startup, less resource usage

What is a container image?

Template for creating containers

What is container orchestration?

Tools like Kubernetes manage containers

What is object storage?

Store files as objects (Amazon S3)

What is block storage?

Raw storage volumes (Amazon EBS)

What is file storage?

Network file systems (Amazon EFS)

What is cold storage?

Infrequent access, lower cost

What is hot storage?

Frequent access, higher performance

What is Backup as a Service?

Cloud-based backup solutions

What is the shared responsibility model?

Provider secures infrastructure, customer secures data

What is identity and access management?

Control who can access cloud resources

What is encryption in transit?

Protect data moving to/from cloud

What is encryption at rest?

Protect stored cloud data

What are network security groups?

Virtual firewalls for cloud resources

What is multi-factor authentication?

Secure cloud account access

What is a virtual CPU (vCPU)?

Allocated processor cores to VM

What is virtual memory?

RAM assigned to virtual machine

What is virtual storage?

Disk space allocated to VM

What is a virtual network adapter?

Network connectivity for VM

What is a virtual switch?

Connects VMs to network

What are resource pools?

Group resources for allocation

What is Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)?

Centralized desktop environments

What is Desktop as a Service (DaaS)?

Cloud-hosted virtual desktops

What is application virtualization?

Run apps without local installation

What are remote desktop services?

Access desktops over network

What is a thin client?

Minimal hardware accessing virtual desktop

What is session-based computing?

Multiple users share single OS instance

What are scripting best practices?

* Error handling * Input validation * Documentation * Testing * Version control * Security considerations

What is lift and shift in cloud migration?

Move existing systems to cloud unchanged

What is replatforming in cloud migration?

Minor modifications for cloud optimization

What is refactoring in cloud migration?

Redesign applications for cloud-native features

What is migration planning?

Assess dependencies and requirements

What is data migration?

Transfer existing data to cloud storage

What is a cutover strategy?

Plan transition from on-premises to cloud

What are VM templates?

Pre-configured VM images for deployment

What is VM cloning?

Create copies of existing VMs

What are VM snapshots?

Point-in-time VM state backup

What is resource monitoring?

Track CPU, memory, storage usage

What is live migration?

Move running VM between hosts

What is VM lifecycle management?

Provision, manage, decommission VMs

What is a Virtual LAN (VLAN)?

Logical network segmentation

What is software-defined networking (SDN)?

Programmable network control

What is network function virtualization (NFV)?

Virtualized network services

What is a virtual private network (VPN)?

Secure network connections over internet

What are load balancers?

Distribute traffic across multiple servers

What are virtual firewalls?

Software-based network security

What are VM backup strategies?

* Image-level * File-level backups

What are cloud backup services?

Automated offsite data protection

What is Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS)?

Cloud-based disaster recovery

What is recovery point objective (RPO)?

Maximum acceptable data loss

What is recovery time objective (RTO)?

Maximum acceptable downtime

What is business continuity?

Maintain operations during disruptions

What is resource allocation?

Right-size CPU, memory, storage

What is performance monitoring?

Track system metrics and bottlenecks

What is auto-scaling?

Automatically adjust resources based on demand

What is load balancing?

Distribute workload across multiple resources

What are caching strategies?

Store frequently accessed data in memory

What are content delivery networks (CDN)?

Distribute content geographically

What are cloud licensing models?

* Per-user * Consumption-based * Subscription

What is virtual machine licensing?

OS and application licenses in VMs

What are compliance requirements?

Meet regulatory standards in cloud

What is data sovereignty?

Know where data is stored geographically

What are audit trails?

Track access and changes for compliance

What is vendor lock-in?

Difficulty moving between cloud providers

Scripting, Cloud, Virtualization Flashcards

(114 cards)