section 1 quiz Flashcards
1
Q
a hypertonic solution would have net movement of water into a cell. true or false?
A
false
2
Q
a hypertonic solution would have net movement of water out of the cell. t/f
A
false
3
Q
cardiac muscle is involuntary. t/f
A
true
4
Q
Most tissues in the body will repair if given proper nutrition and a blood source. t/f
A
true
5
Q
what is true about the dermis?
A
its thicker than epidermis, it docent contain adipose, it contains all 4 types of tissue
6
Q
what system regulates body activities by releasing hormones?
A
endocrine system
7
Q
what is defined as a group of cell with a similar structure and function?
A
tissue
8
Q
what is not true about phospholipids?
A
they are a major energy storage lipid
9
Q
the ability of a cell membrane to recognize potentially dangerous foreign cells is due to membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids is known as ?
A
cell identify markers
10
Q
a small cell has less surface are and cell activity for its weight and volume. t/f
A
false
11
Q
less surface area has more cell activity for its weight or volume. t/f
A
false
12
Q
sarcomas are a kind of cancer originating from epithelial tissue. t/f
A
false
13
Q
skeletal muscle has intercalated disks. t/f
A
false
14
Q
what is another name for the subcutaneous layer?
A
hypodermis
15
Q
in connective tissue, the matrix consists of?
A
protein fibers and ground substance
16
Q
what pigment absorbs UV light?
A
melanin
17
Q
what type of lipid is used by the body to create hormones?
A
Cholesterol
18
Q
Which type of epithelial cells are generally thin and flat?
A
squamous
19
Q
Extracellular fluid found in the joints is called aqueous humor. t/f
A
false
20
Q
Sarcomas are a kind of cancer originating from connective tissue. t/f
A
true
21
Q
A small cell has more surface area and cell activity for its weight and volume. t/f
A
true
22
Q
A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback loop would be:
A
childbirth
23
Q
which of the following is true about hair follicles?
A
found within the dermis, has a muscle associated with it, color is determined by melanocyte, and made up of dead epithelial tissue
24
Q
On a DNA molecule a guanine base (binds to) will form a hydrogen bond with
- a uracil base
- a adenine
- a phosphate group
- a thymine base
- a cytosine base
A
a cytosine base
25
the heart is located in which body cavity?
pericardial
26
where are visceral membranes found?
surrounding organs
27
Neuroglial cells are the primary cells of the nervous system. t/f
false
28
A large cell has less surface and less cell activity for its weight and volume. t/f
true
29
Sudoriferous glands secrete oil. t/f
false
30
Which of the following organelles has its function correctly described?
Golgi apparatus is responsible for protein synthesis
nucleolus is responsible for ATP synthesis
mitochondrion is responsible for ribosome synthesis
smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for lipid synthesis
smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for lipid synthesis
31
What are the nonpolar parts of a phospholipid?
fatty acid tails
32
in an RNA molecule, uracil replaces thymine found in DNA. t/f
true
33
epithelium is the only secretory tissue type. t/f
true
34
ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the
the transfer of electrons from one atom to another
35
This layer is composed mainly of connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers.
dermis
36
These are immature, undifferentiated cells that can
divide to replace lost or damaged cells
```
stem cells
parenchyma
fibrosis
granular tissue
adhesions
```
stem cells
37
The epidermis is made up of stratified squamous epithelium. t/f
true
38
Sebaceous glands are sweat glands.t/f
false
39
Lactose is an example of which type of carbohydrate?
disaccharide
monosaccharide
polysaccharide
lactose is not a carbohydrate
disaccharide
40
The monomer unit for a protein is composed of two functional groups, they are:
- an amino acid and nitrogenous base
- an amino group and a ribose sugar
- an amino group and a carboxyl group
- an amino group and phosphorus
an amino group and a carboxyl (carboxylic acid) group
41
When a cell uses its membrane to release particles this is referred to as
- exocytosis
- active Transport
- endocytosis
- phagocytosis
- both active and endo
- both endo and phago
exocytosis
42
what are epidermal cells that produce a protein that water proofs the cells.
keratinocyte
43
Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins. t/f
true
44
neurons can not reproduce. t/f
true
45
In a DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with what other nitrogenous base?
thymine
46
Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
- cytoskeleton
- mitochondria
- golgi comlex
- ribosome
ribosome
47
This is a mixture of triglycerides, cholesterol, proteins and inorganic salts.
- sweat
- lanugo
- vellus
- sebum
- mucous
sebum
48
what is when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and its contents are expelled outside of the cell?
exocytosis
49
epithelial cells are separated by a matrix. t/f
false
50
muscle cells are separated by a matrix. t/f
false
51
which muscle tissues have striated fibers?
skeletal and cardiac
52
what is formed from nucleotides?
rna and dna
53
Where is nonciliated simple columnar epithelium found in the body?
small intestine
54
epithelium is attached to connective tissue by a basement membrane. t/f
true
55
in which cavity are the lungs located?
pleural cavity
56
Epithelia tissue forms the covering and linings of the body; which of the following characteristic of epithelia are correct?
- epithelia tissue is avascular
- epithelia tissue can regenerate rapidly
- epithelia tissue is attached at the basement membrane
- epithelia cells are closely packed and the cells are tightly adhered to one another
57
Water is polar covalently bonded, which of the following statement is true of water?
the nucleus of the oxygen atom attracts electrons making the oxygen end of the molecule negative
58
Plasma membranes consist of what three components?
Proteins, phospholipids, cholesterol
59
connective tissue is a vascular tissue. t/f
true
60
epithelium tissue is an avascular tissue. t/f
true
61
This type of membrane lines a body cavity that does NOT open directly to the outside.
serous
62
This layer consists on average of 25 to 30 layers of flattened dead keratinocytes.
stratum corner
63
what are plasma membrane proteins that allow passages of ions like Na+ across the membrane.
channels
64
muscle tissue can reproduce. t/f
false
65
Gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through a plasma membrane by simple diffusion. t/f
true
66
the monomer unit of a protein
- glycerol
- fatty acid
- nucleotide
- simple sugar
- amino acid
is an amino acid
67
what are junctions found in cardiac muscle fibers to speed muscle conduction.
intercalated disc
68
Most neurons are composed of a cell body and two processes; axons and dendrites. t/f
true
69
connective tissues do not include
liver cells
70
what is not true about hair follicles?
its made up of dead connective tissues
71
This type of membrane protein will extend throughout the entire membrane touching both the Intracellular fluid and the Extracellular fluid.
- integral proteins
- peripheral proteins
- transmembrane proteins
- surface proteins
- integral and transmembrane
- peripheral and surface
Integral proteins and Transmembrane proteins
72
Adipose is found within the subcutaneous layer of the skin. t/f
true
73
Which fibers are seen in embedded in the matrix of connective tissue?
elastic, reticular and collagen
74
Skeletal muscle has more than one nuclei per muscle cell. t/f
true
75
These are specific groups of atoms that give molecules specific properties.
functional groups
76
In an RNA molecule, uracil replaces thymine found in DNA.
| t/f
true
77
what does the mitochondria do?
- move the cell
- generate atp
- produce proteins
- oxidize organelles
- synthesize glycolipids
generate ATP
78
albinism is the absence of?
melanin
79
Skeletal muscle has more than one nuclei per muscle cell. t/f
true
80
keratinization is the process of what?
cells accumulating keratin
81
the secretions of what glands enter the interstitial fluid and then diffuse directly into the bloodstream without flowing through a duct
mucous
82
which type of tissue protects and supports the body and its organs?
connective
83
what is the function of RNA?
transfer information for protein synthesis
84
tendons and ligaments are composed primarily of?
dense fibrous connective tissue
85
pariental membranes are found?
around cavity
86
If the solute concentration is greater in the solution on the inside of the cell, compared to the solute concentration of the solution that is outside the cell, then what direction will water move?
into the cell
87
keratin
a protein
88
which type of solution has a solute concentration higher than that of its body cell?
hypertonic
89
what molecules are hydrophilic and are attracted to water?
polar
90
biofeedback involves the voluntary control of which muscle type?
smooth
91
the fiber in connective tissue that imparts the greatest strength is?
collagen fibers
92
what type of gland is a branching acinar gland connected to a hair follicle?
Sebaceous
93
which portion of a hair projects through the skin/
shaft
94
what is the organelle that houses the chromatin material?
nucleus
95
what gland is responsible for release of the entire cell and its contents?
holocrine
96
spongy bone lacks?
osteons
97
what are plasma membrane proteins that bind specific chemical messengers causing a cellular response?
receptor
98
what is the type of bond between the atoms forming water?
polar covalent
99
which type of gland secretes an oily substance called sebum?
sebaceous
100
the function of _ is to store triglycerides
adipocytes
101
protein in the plasma membrane function as?
ion channels, cell recognition markers, enzymes and receptors
102
the visceral pleura is a membrane found?
surrounding lungs
103
what is true about tendons?
they have poor blood supply and connects muscle to bone
104
membranes lining body cavities which lack opening to the outside world?
serous
105
when a cell uses its membrane to engulf food particles this is referred to as?
endocytosis and phagocytosis
106
the matrix in blood tissue is?
plasma
107
what are similar organelles found floating throughout the cytoplasm that manufacture proteins?
ribosome
108
how many layers are found in pseudo stratified columnar epithelial?
1
109
what tissue has more than one nucleus and is voluntary?
skeletal muscle
110
passive membrane transport processes include?
movement of a substance down its concentration gradient
111
what membrane lines the abdominal cavity?
parietal peritoneum
112
which of the statements are not true for the epidermis?
it contains glands, nerve fibers, blood vessels and adipose
113
which layer of the epidermis undergoes rapid cell division to regenerate the skin?
stratum basale
114
where is the most common location for adipose tissue?
subcutaneous layer of the skin
115
what tissue forms glands?
stratified cuboidal epithelial
116
which of the following plays an important role in thermoregulation?
sweat glands
117
Dietary glucose is transported into a cell against its concentration gradient with the aid of Na+/glucose symporters (transporters), this is an example of
active transport
118
the major lipid used to make cell membranes is ?
phospholipid
119
what is a negatively charged atom?
ion
120
lysosomes are organelles filed with?
hydrolytic enzymes
121
what type of lipid is the body long term energy storage molecule?
triglyceride
122
carbohydrates are?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
123
the major energy storage polysaccharide in humans is?
glycogen
124
in a typical body solution, the solvent is?
water
125
This ribosome studded series of flattened sacs that is continuous with the nuclear membrane and functions to produce secretory proteins, and membrane proteins is the
rough endoplasmic reticulum
126
what is the function of DNA?
provide a map for protein synthesis
127
a chemical reaction in which two atoms join together is what type of reaction?
synthesis
128
what is when a membrane reached out engulfing molecules near the center surface and pinches off inside the cell forming a vesicle?
pinocytosis
129
synthesis of protein is accomplished by?
replication and transcription
130
what is a transport process by which cells take up extracellular substances within vesicles?
endocytosis
131
thick skin?
- Is found in the palms, soles of the feet and fingertips
- Does not contain hair follicles
- Contains more sweat glands than thin skin
- Contain epidermal ridges
132
constant exposure of skin to friction stimulates the formation of a callus which is the thickening of what layer?
stratum corneum
133
which of the following is an example of an apocrine gland?
mammary gland
134
what are fluid filled eccrine glands found all over the skin?
sudoriferous gland
135
place the following in the correct sequence from the simplest to the most complex
1. tissue
2. organism
3. organ
4. chemical
5. organ system
6. cellular
4,6,1,3,5,2
136
the visceral peritoneum is found?
line abdominal organs
137
which of the following glands are responsible for the release of their secretory products and small bits of cells?
apocrine
138
DNA is packaged in units called?
Chromosomes
139
the stratum lucidum?
is present only in thick skin
140
which of the following would be found in the bladder?
transitional epithelial
141
what membrane lines the heart/
visceral pericardium
142
which abdominopelvic quadrant contains the stomach?
left upper
143
This skin structure acts to prevent water loss as well as inhibiting bacterial growth on the surface of the skin.
oil glands
144
when a cel uses its membrane to engulf water molecules its referred to as
both pinocytosis and endocytosis
145
what organelles are filled with hydrolytic enzymes?
lysosome
146
what organelle modifies proteins produced elsewhere?
Golgi apparatus
147
Which of the following is a function of a membrane protein that binds with hormones and neurotransmitters?
receptors
148
what epidermal cells that produce a pigment that protects you from the suns uv rays
melanocyte
149
which of the following is a monosaccharide that is important in producing energy?
glucose
150
This layer of the epidermis contains layers of flattened keratinocytes that are going through apoptosis
stratum granulosum
151
These proteins are responsible for movement of larger molecules like glucose across the plasma membrane.
carriers
152
what type of bond requires a sharing of electrons
covalent
153
which of the following are found in the dorsal cavity?
brain and spine
154
the function of the secretions of the serous membrane is to?
reduce friction between organs
155
what molecules are hydrophobic and are repelled by water
nonpolar
156
which part of the neuron is the output portion?
axon
157
what are exocrine glands that release the entire cell and its contents?
holocrine glands
158
what organelle contains ribosomes which synthesis proteins?
rough ER
159
striated refers to?
stripes
160
what monomer is used to build RNA and DNA?
nucleotide
161
Suppose that a triplet strand has the following nucleotide sequence: TACCTCATATCGATTCAAGTTA. The fifth codon would be:
- TAA
- UAA
- GTA
- AGC
UAA
162
If monosaccharides undergo anabolic reactions they may form
starch and glucose
163
this type of exocrine gland accumulates their product in their cytosol
holocrine
164
which is the function of ATP?
stores and transfers energy for cell functions
165
what covers the viscera within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and lines the walls of the thorax and abdomen?
serous membrane
166
the skin layer that distinguishes thin skin from thick skin is the
stratum lucidum
167
as an atom decays it will emit radiation this is seen in?
isotopes
168
lysosome
contains hydrolytic enzymes for macromolecule digestion
169
this type of triglyceride contains more than one double bond in the fatty acid carbon atoms
Polyunsaturated
170
A cell makes a protein used in another organ. Which of the following pathways best describes the path of the protein from synthesis to exocytosis through the cell’s plasma membrane?
rough ER to Golgi to plasma membrane
171
what are associated with each hair, producing globules of fat and cell debris which is secreted through ducts to keep hair and skin soft, pliable, and mostly waterproof.
sebaceous glands
172
what tissue lines the respiratory tract?
pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium
173
the epidermis contains four principle cells, about 90% of the epidermal cells are/
keratinocyte
