section 3 test Flashcards
(177 cards)
1
Q
_ discs in cardiac muscle contain both desmosomes and gap junction
A
intercalated
2
Q
the general anatomical term for the regions of contact between bones is _?
A
articulations
3
Q
in mature skeletal muscle, new skeletal muscle cells can arise from satellite cells. t/f
A
true
4
Q
a motor unit is a muscle fiber and the motor neuron connected to it. t/f
A
true
5
Q
is a joint is not used for a period of time the motion of the joint can be limited. t/f
A
true
6
Q
instead of troponin, smooth muscle has a different regulatory protein called_
- calsequestrin
- tropomyosin
- myomesin
- dystrophin
- calmodulin
A
calmodulin
7
Q
cartilaginous joints are connected by?
- fibrocartilage
- hyaline cartilage
- tendons
- ligaments
- hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
- all of the above
A
hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
8
Q
Which of the following correctly describes flexion?
- movement of joints to increase the angle between bones
- movement of joints to decrease the angle between bones
- movement of body parts away from the midline
- movement of body parts toward the midline
A
movement of joints to decrease the angle between bones
9
Q
a joint where adjacent bones grow together and unite is referred to as a?
- symphysis
- syndesmosis
- gomphosis
- suture
A
suture
10
Q
the joint between the parietal and frontal bones?
- is a cartilaginous joint
- is classified functionally as a synarthrosis
- is the sagittal suture
- all of the above
A
is classified functionally as a synarthrosis
11
Q
_ joints have fluid filled cavity and bone are united by dense irregular connective tissue of an articular capsule
A
synovial
12
Q
articular cartilage receives nutrients and oxygen from the _
A
synovial fluid
13
Q
the shoulder joint is an example of a triaxial joint. t/f
A
true
14
Q
cardiac muscle remains refractory until contraction ends to tetany does not occur. t/f
A
true
15
Q
bursae are connective tissue sacs that are responsible for reducing friction during the movement of some joints. t/f
A
true
16
Q
Which of the following is/are true?
- Synergists are muscles that oppose the agonist.
- Agonists contract while the antagonists relax.
- both statements are correct
- neither statement is correct
A
agonists contract while the antagonists relax
17
Q
a fibrous joint may be a?
- suture
- gomphosis
- syndesmosis
- all of the above
A
all of the above
18
Q
Identify the description of the motor end plate.
- folded region of sarcolemma at the neuromuscular junction
- portion of axon terminal membrane that releases acetylcholine into the cleft
- non convoluted region on the sarcolemma where the motor axon interacts
- the combination of the motor neuron and the muscle fiber
A
folded region of sarcolemma at the neuromuscular junction
19
Q
which of the following statements about fast-twitch muscles is not true?
- fast muscles (like in the eye)
- are white
- can not generate ATP as needed
- a poorer blood supply
- fatigue fast
A
can not generate ATP as needed
20
Q
Which of the following is NOT true for skeletal muscle fibers?
- they contain many peripheral nuclei.
- the cells are cylindrical and are arranged in parallel fashion.
- a skeletal muscle fiber may be up to 30 cm long.
- the myofibrils are arranged at right angles to the long axis of the cell, creating cross-striations.
A
the myofibrils are arranged at right angles to the long axis of the cell, creating cross-striations
21
Q
the neurotransmitter released at a neuromuscular junction (in skeletal muscle) is_
A
acetylcholine
22
Q
this protein binds calcium which causes a conformational change unblocking the myosin head binding site on actin_
A
troponin
23
Q
a motor neuron is a nerve cell that stimulates a muscle cell, causing a contraction. t/f
A
true
24
Q
muscles with either parallel or fusiform arrangements of fasciculi tend to have longer fibers than do pennate muscles. t/f
A
true
25
bending the ankle so that the foot moves downward is the movement called planar flexion. t/f
true
26
which joint shows a hinge motion?
- between tarsal bones
- knee joint
- hip joint
- between atlas and dens of axis
- between trapezium and first metacarpal
knee joint
27
articular discs of synovial joints:
- are pads of hyaline cartilage
- move freely within the joint cavity
- are found in the space between the ends of the bones
- are found in all synovial joints
are found in the space between the ends of the bones
28
the ability of muscle tissue to shorten and thicken is:
- elasticity
- extensibility
- stability
- contractility
contractility
29
one sarcomere contains all of the following except:
- the H zone
- myosin
- myofibrils
- the M line
myofibrils
30
Identify the description of the synaptic vesicle.
- sac that stores neurotransmitter
- a small space that separates the cell membrane of a motor neuron from the sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle cell
- neurotransmitters found in the synaptic cleft
- neurotransmitters bound to the sarcolemma
sac that stores neurotransmitter
31
additional muscle energy is stored in _ which transfers stored energy to ADP making ATP
creatine phosphate
32
striations are visible when_ and _ muscle tissues are examines microscopically
skeletal and cardiac
33
structure and shape of the articulating bones help determine range of motion at synovial joints. t/f
true
34
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection which resembles arthritis. t/f
true
35
the joint between two bodies of adjacent vertebrae is a synchondrosis. t/f
false
36
which of the following joints allow the most possible movements?
- condyloid
- hinge
- gliding
- ball and socket
ball and socket
37
the end-membrane system which houses calcium within the muscle fiber is the_
- endoplasmic reticulum
- myoglobin
- troponin
- sacroplasmic reticulum
sarcoplasmic reticulum
38
a _ is a type of joint in which two bones are held together by a disc of fibrocartilage
- symphysis
- synchondrosis
- suture
- synovial joint
symphysis
39
which of the following statements about joint classification is true?
- All synchondroses are synarthrotic.
- All synovial joints are diarthrotic.
- All symphyses are synarthrotic.
- All of the above.
all of the above
40
The insertion of a muscle:
- in a limb is usually proximal to the origin.
- does not move when the muscle contracts.
- is the movable point of attachment of a muscle.
- attaches a muscle to a bone or skin.
- all of the above
- a, b, and d
- a and c
- c and d
c and d
41
neurotransmitters are stored in_ within the motor neuron ending and are released into the synaptic cleft allowing them to bind receptors on the motor end plate
synaptic vesicle
42
this bacterial toxin blocks exocytosis of synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junction _
botox
43
interosseous membranes are a substantial sheet of dense irregular connective tissue that bonds neighboring long bones and permits alight movement. t/f
true
44
skeletal muscle is affected by both acetylcholine and norepinephrine. t/f
false
45
the contractile elements of skeletal muscle cells are sarcomeres. t/f
true
46
_ is the Time between stimulus and the response?
- refractory period
- threshold stimulus
- latent period
- summation
latent period
47
Which of the following statements about muscle types is not true?
- white muscles contract more faster than red.
- red muscles contain less myoglobin than white.
- red muscles are postural muscles
- white muscles fatigue faster than red
red muscles contain less myoglobin than white
48
Which of the following statements about muscle types is true?
- white muscles contract more slowly than red.
- red muscles contain less myoglobin than white.
- white muscles are not postural muscles
- white muscles fatigue slower than red
white muscles are not postural muscles
49
which of the following is not a synovial joint?
- pivot
- hinge
- suture
- condyloid
suture
50
the skeletal muscle fibers that fatigue most easily are:
- red muscle fibers
- slow oxidative fibers
- fast glycolytic fibers
- both a and c
fast glycolytic fibers
51
_ is the thick filament involved in skeletal muscle contraction
myosin
52
the _ is the contracting unit that extends from Z line to Z line
sarcomere
53
ligaments at synovial joints may by extra capsular to intracapsular. t/f
true
54
the specialized region of sarcolemma that is located at a neuromuscular junction is called the synaptic cleft. t/f
false
55
abduction occurs when a bone moves toward the midline. t/f
false
56
the _ are the light bands and are only actin
- I bands
- A bands
- H zone
- H zone to A band
- Z line to Z line
I bands
57
In skeletal muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum:
- forms transverse (T) tubules.
- is similar to the Golgi complex.
- contains extracellular fluid.
- releases Ca2+ to trigger contraction.
releases Ca2+ to trigger contraction
58
if a joint is enclosed in a tough connective tissue capsule and if it contains a joint cavity, it is classified as:
- synovial
- fibrous
- cartilaginous
- all of the above
synovial
59
a forceful, sustained muscle contraction is called?
- isotonic
- latent
- tetany
- isometric
- all or none
tetany
60
one sarcomere extends from?
- I bands to H zone
- Z lines to A band
- H zone to A band
- Z line to Z line
Z line to Z line
61
_ released form the sarcoplasmic reticulum must bind troponin if muscle contraction is to occur
calcium
62
_ muscle cells do not contain sarcomeres
smooth
63
interphalangeal joints are synovial joints at which flexion and extension occur. t/f
true
64
synovial fluid is a somewhat viscous liquid that contains hyaluronic acid and fluid formed from blood plasma. t/f
true
65
oxygen debt is when oxygen runs out after couple of minutes of strenuous exercise, and aerobic cellular respiration kicks in. t/f
false
66
_ is a painful debilitating autoimmune disorder that attacks cartilage and joint linings
- Lyme disease
- osteoarthritis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- gout
Rheumatoid arthritis
67
the insertion of a muscle is_
- attached to the largest bone
- is on the immovable or fixed end of the bone
- is the movable end of the musscle
- is the prime mover
is the movable end of the muscle
68
Which of the following terms and descriptions is not correctly paired?
- epiphysis - expanded portion at each end of a bone
- menisci - fibrocartilage disks that divides synovial joints into two compartments
- extension - bending of joints to decrease the angle between bones
- latent period - time between stimulus and response
- adduction - movement of body parts toward the midline
extension- bending of joints to decrease the angle between bones
69
a synovial membrane contains:
- dense irregular connective tissue
- a large quantity of collagen fibers in bundles
- simple cuboidal epithelium that secretes synovial fluid
- loose connective tissue
loose connective tissue
70
the motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it are referred to as_
- myofibrils
- sarcolemma
- meuromuscular junction
- motor end plate
- a motor unit
- sarcomere
a motor unit
71
_ is a subcutaneous layer of dense connective tissue that is wrapped around groups of skeletal muscles
fascia
72
_ is the thin filament involved in skeletal muscle contraction
actin
73
all symphyses occur in the midline of the body. t/f
true
74
is a muscle contracts and its fibers does not shorten, the contraction is isometric. t/f
true
75
anaerobic cellular respiration makes more ATP from glucose than aerobic respiration. t/f
false
76
structures most responsible for holding bones together at a synovial joint are:
- tendons
- articular carilages
- synovial membranes
- ligaments
ligaments
77
Which of the following statements about muscle types is not true?
- red muscles are postural muscles.
- red muscles fatigue slower than white.
- red muscles contract more slowly than white.
- red muscles contain more myoglobin than white.
- none of the above (all of the answers are correct)
none of the above
78
a _ is fibrocartilage disk that partially or completely divide synovial joints into two compartments
- synovial membrane
- joint capsule
- meniscus
- bursa
meniscus
79
A good description for a hinge joint is:
- flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces
- one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave
- oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression
- one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle
- the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement
one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface when is concave
80
which of the following statements about slow oxidative muscles is not true?
- are red
- are postural
- fatigue fast
- generate ATP as needed
fatigue fast
81
_ joints have no synovial cavity and the bones are held together by dense irregular connective tissue rich in collagen
fibrous
82
the muscle fibers that are oxidative and resistant to fatigue are the slow and fast_ fibers
oxidative
83
anabolic steroids can cause cancer and should not be taken by athletes. t/f
true
84
acetylcholinesterase is the enzyme responsible for initiating muscle contraction. t/f
false
85
medial and lateral menisci are found in the joint cavity of the elbow. t/f
false
86
Which of the following terms and descriptions is not correctly paired?
- epiphysis--expanded portion at each end of a bone
- menisci--fibrocartilage disks that divides synovial joints into two compartments
- flexion--bending of joints to decrease the angle between bones
- latent period--time between stimulus and response
- abduction--movement of body parts toward the midline
abduction- movement of body parts toward the midline
87
which joint could be called a saddle joint?
- wrist joint
- knee joint
- hip joint
- between atlas and dens of axis
- between trapezium and first metacarpal
between trapezium and first metacarpal
88
which of the following is true of myosin?
- it Is located in the A band of the sarcomere
- is binds to tropomyosin during contraction
- it forms thick filaments
- has a calcium binding site
- a, b and c
- a and c
- b and d
- all of the above
a and c
89
the action that moves the palm of the hand into anatomical position is:
- pronation
- supination
- inversion
- eversion
supination
90
_ must bone the myosin head in order for it to bine actin
ATP
91
_ is a result of over exercised muscles which lose they abilities to contract
muscle fatigue
92
there is no scientific evidence that suggests that creatine supplements actually increase muscle development. t/f
true
93
the hinge joint is the joint that allows for the most possible movements. t/f
false
94
smooth muscle is affected by both acetylcholine and norepinephrine. t/f
true
95
which structures of the synovial joint absorbs shock from external forces that are placed on it?
- articular cartilage
- synovial fluid
- hyaline cartilage covering the articulating surface of bones
- all of the above
all of the above
96
The strength of movement produced by a muscle depends upon how close to the joint it is attached. A muscle attached farther away will produce a more powerful movement than one attached nearer the joint.
- both statements are true.
- both statements are false.
- statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
- statement 2 is true; statement 1 is false.
both statements are true
97
compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle differs in that it:
- contracts for shorter period of time
- has a short refractory period
- has a different arrangement of thick and thin filaments
- has branching cells
has branching cells
98
Which of the following is not a synovial joint?
- condyloid
- gomphosis
- gliding
- saddle
- suture
- pivot
- condyloid and gomphosis
- gomphosis and gliding
- gomphosis and saddle
- gomphosis and suture
gomphosis and suture
99
a sustained minimal contraction in a skeletal muscle that does not produce movement is called muscle_
tone
100
the _ ligament limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur
anterior cruciate
101
a bundle (fascicle) of skeletal muscle cells is separated from neighboring bundles by perimysium. t/f
true
102
if a muscle contracts and its fibers shorten, the contraction is isotonic. t/f
true
103
the surfaces of the bones at a gliding joint perform the movements of:
- side to side movements
- rotation
- flexion and extension
- all of the above
side to side movement
104
the respiratory pigment responsible for the reddish brown color is skeletal muscle and oxygen storage is called?
- hemoglobin
- myoglobin
- calcitonin
- sarcoplasmic reticulum
myoglobin
105
_ is a bacterial infection causing severe pain in the joints
- arthritis
- gout
- lyme disease
- bursitis
- osteoporosis
Lyme disease
106
fibrous connective tissue firmly holds the articular surfaces of bones together in:
- fibrous joints
- cartilaginous joints
- synovial joints
- all of the above
fibrous joints
107
the _ is only where actin and myosin overlap
- I bands
- A band
- H zone
- H zone and A band
- Z line to Z line
A band
108
_ is the respiratory pigment found in muscle cells which pulls in and stores oxygen for use during contraction
myoglobin
109
_ is hyaline cartilage that covers the articulating surface of bone reducing the friction
articular cartilage
110
a union of a cone shaped bony process in a body socket held together by a periodontal ligament is a gomphosis. t/f
true
111
During an isotonic contraction of a muscle, the muscle shortens while the tension in the muscle increases, as in straightening the legs when rising from a sitting position to a standing position. t.f
false
112
a tremor is a painful spasmodic contraction. t/f
false
113
the _ is the actual space between the axon and the sarcolemma
- neuromuscular junction
- motor end plate
- aaxon terminus
- synaptic vesicles
- synaptic cleft
synaptic cleft
114
_ is a storage molecule which can transfer stored energy to ADP making ATP
- myosin
- glycogen
- myoglobin
- creatine phosphate
creatine phosphate
115
identify the description that matched acetylcholine receptors
- proteins of axon membrane
- proteins of motor end plate
- proteins found on the axon terminus
- proteins found in the synaptic cleft
proteins of motor end plate
116
the origin of muscle is_
- attached to the largest bone
- on the immovable or fixed end of bone
- the movable end of the muscle
- the prime mover
on the immovable or fixed end of the bone
117
the _ is a fluid filled closed sacs containing synovial fluid located between skin and underlying bone which cushions and aids in movement of tendons
bursa
118
the specialized region of sarcolemma that is located at a neuromuscular junction is called the _
motor end plate
119
ATP is required for dissociation of myosin from actin during the muscle contraction. t/f
true
120
biofeedback can control some smooth muscle contraction. t/f
true
121
the range motion at a joint depends upon the point of attachment of the muscle and the length of its fibers. t/f
true
122
the ability of muscle tissue to be stretched without being damages is:
- elasticity
- extensibility
- excitability
- contractibility
extensibility
123
Place the following events in the correct order: 1) ACh is released into the synaptic cleft; 2) Synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane; 3) A muscle action potential is triggered; 4) An action potential arrives at the synaptic end bulb; and 5) ACh binds to receptors in the motor end plate.
- 2, 4, 5, 1, 3
- 4, 3, 1, 2, 5
- 1, 2, 4, 3, 5
- 4, 2, 1, 5, 3
4, 2, 1, 5, 3
124
the primary type of movement permitted at a pivot joint is:
- rotation
- circumduction
- abduction and adduction
- all of the above
rotation
125
identify the characteristic of smooth muscle tissue
- no transverse tubules
- no muscle tone
- has transverse tubules
- has sarcomeres
- no sarcomeres
- a and d
- a and e
a and e
126
the two types of smooth muscle are:
- visceral and parietal
- red and white
- visceral and multiunit
- radial and circular
visceral and multiunit
127
this protein blocks the myosin head from binding to actin when the muscle is at rest. _
tropomyosin
128
_ joints have no synovial cavity and the b ones are held together by cartilage
cartilaginous
129
a motor neuron together with all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates is called a motor unit. t/f
true
130
neurotransmitters are housed within the synaptic cleft. t/f
false
131
all fibrous joints are synarthrotic, that is they are immovable. t/f
false
132
neurotransmitter receptors are found where on the sarcolemma?
- transverse tubules
- motor end plate
- sarcoplasmic reticulum
- muscle filaments
motor end plate
133
which of the following as a synovial joint?
- syndesmosis
- pivot
- symphysis
- synchondrosis
- gomphosis
pivot
134
a union of a cone shaped bony process in body socket held by periodontal ligament is a_
- symphysis
- syndesmosis
- gomphosis
- suture
gomphosis
135
concerning diarthroses, one may speculate that as mobility increases_ decreases
- the number of ligaments
- the amount of synovial fluid
- range of motion
- stability
stability
136
a fibrous joint in which adjacent bones grow together and unite in a sutural ligament is a _
- symphysis
- syndesmosis
- synchondrosis
- gomphosis
- suture
suture
137
_ are stored in synaptic vesicles within the motor neuron ending and are released into the synaptic cleft allowing them to bind receptors on the motor end plate
neurotransmitters
138
calcium releases from the _ during skeletal muscle contraction
sarcoplasmic reticulum
139
the saddle joint is the joint that allows for the most possible movement. t/f
false
140
tetany is a forceful, sustained muscle contraction. t/f
true
141
cardicac muscle tissue may be classified as visceral or multiunit muscle. t/f
false
142
which of the following statements about aging and joints is false?
- production os synovial fluid decreases
- ligaments shorten and become less flexible
- articular cartilage thickens
- osteoarthritis is evident in almost everyone over age 70
articular cartilage thickens
143
most skeletal muscles produce movement as a component of a _ class lever
- first
- second
- third
- fourth
third
144
visceral smooth muscle_
- is composed of sheets of muscle cells
- tends to display rhythmicity
- occur in walls of stomach and intestines
- fibers stimulate each other
- all of the above
all of the above
145
The origin of a muscle is ____ , while the insertion of a muscle is ____.
- attached to the largest bone, attached to the smallest bone.
- attached to the smallest bone, attached to the largest bone.
- on the immovable or fixed end of the bone, the end of the muscle moving the attached bone.
- the end of the muscle moving the attached bone, on the immovable or fixed end of the bone.
- the prime mover, synergist.
- the synergist; the antagonist.
on the immovable or fixed and of the bone, the end of the muscle moving the attached bone
146
identify the description that matches slow oxidative fibers
- largest in diameter
- smallest in diameter
- they are white fibers
- they are red fibers
- a and c
- a and d
- b and c
- b and d
b and d
147
the name of the type of joint were a tooth fits into a socket is_
gomphosis
148
_ joints allow for the most possible movements
ball and socket
149
muscular atrophy is the wasting away of muscles. t/f
true
150
cardiac muscle cells contain more mitochondria than do skeletal muscle cells. t/f
true
151
opposition is a movement of the human thumb that is important for the utilization of tools. t/f
true
152
Both acetylcholine and norepinephrine can affect ____.
- smooth muscle contraction.
- skeletal muscle contraction.
- cardiac muscle contraction.
- both smooth and cardiac muscle contraction.
- both skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction.
- both smooth and skeletal muscle contraction
both smooth and cardiac muscle contraction
153
Identify the description that matches fast glycolytic fibers.
- adapted for intense movements of short duration, such as weight lifting
- adapted for maintaining posture and endurance-type activities
- red fibers containing lots of myoglobin
- have a large number of mitochondria
adapted for intense movements of short duration, such as weight lifting
154
The ____________ protein has direct contact with actin in a muscle in the resting state, while the ____________ protein has direct contact with actin in a muscle in the contracting state.
- tropomyosin; myosin
- myosin; troponin
- titin; tropomyosin
- troponin; myomesin
tropomyosin, myosin
155
which of the following statements about fast twitch (fast glycolytic fibers) muscles is true?
- are red
- are postural
- fatigue slowly
- a poorer blood supply
- can generate can not generate ATP
a poorer blood supply
156
Which of the following correctly describes abduction?
- movement of joints to increase the angle between bones
- movement of joints to decrease the angle between bones
- movement of body parts away from the midline
- movement of body parts toward the midline
- pivot
movement of body parts away from the midline
157
_ is the built in rhythmic activity of cardiac muscle and some smooth muscle tissue
autorhythmicity
158
the joints between the true ribs and the sternum are syndesmoses. t/f
false
159
interphalangeal joints are synovial joints at which flexion and extension occur. t/f
true
160
The articular cartilage: 1) consists of two layers; an outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue and an inner layer of loose connective tissue, 2) firmly unites the articulating bones, 3) shields the surfaces of the articulating bones at a synovial joint, 4) helps absorb shock and reduces friction at a synovial joint.
- 1, 2, 3
- 2, 3, 4
- 3, 4
- 1, 2
3, 4
161
a motor unit is defined as_
- many myofibrils within a sarcolemma
- many motor end plates within a neuromuscular junction
- a motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it
- the functional unit of a muscle fiber
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it
162
a _ is a stretched or partially torn muscle and tendon
- sprain
- torn cartilage
- strain
- dislocation
- bursitis
strain
163
A good description for a condyloid (ellipsoidal) joint is:
- flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces
- one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave
- oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression
- one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle
the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement
oval shaped projection fits into an oval depression
164
which of the following terms could describe a joint at which flexion and extension are the only movements?
- pivot and monaxial joints
- hinge and monaxial joints
- pivot and biaxial joints
- hinge and biaxial joints
hinge and monaxial joints
165
during contraction in a skeletal muscle fiber:
- the thick filaments meet at the center of the sarcomere
- the sarcomere length does not change
- myosin heads meet at the center of the sarcomere
- myosin cross bridges move the thin filaments so that their ends meet or overlap in the center of the sarcomere
myosin cross bridges move the thin filaments so that their ends meet or overlap in the center of the sarcomere
166
which joint shows a pivot motion?
- between tarsal bones
- knee joint
- hip joint
- between atlas and dens of axis
- between trapezium and first metacarpal
between atlas and dens of axis
167
bones of a synovial joint are held together by a _
- synovial membrane
- joint capsule
- meniscus
- bursa
joint capsule
168
which of the following statements about muscle types is true?
- red muscles contract much faster than white
- red muscles contain less myoglobin that white
- red muscles are not postural muscles
- red muscles fatigue much slower than white
red muscles fatigue much slower than white
169
which is a correct statement?
- a myofiber contains myofibrils
- a myofibril contains thick and thin filaments
- thick and thin filaments are arranged into sarcomeres
- all of the above
all of the above
170
an increase (hypertrophy) or decrease (atrophy) in muscle size is due to:
- increased or decreased numbers of muscle cells
- increased or decreased deposition of adipose tissue
- increased or decreased size of skeletal muscle fibers
- both a and c
increased or decreased size of skeletal muscle fibers
171
A good description for a ball-and-socket joint is:
- a bone rotates around its long axis as it articulates within a ring of bone and ligament
- one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave
- oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression
- one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle
- the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement
the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement
172
which type of joint has the most movement?
- synarthrosis
- diarthrosis
- gomphosis
- syndesmosis
diarthrosis
173
```
_ is the time following contraction before muscle can respond again
-contraction period
-refractory period
latent period
-relaxation period
```
refractory period
174
muscles that resist the prime movers action are called?
- synergists
- antagonists
- isotonic
- isometric
antagonists
175
a _ is a contraction creating tension but the muscles remain the same length
- synergist
- antagonist
- isotonic
- isometric
isometric
176
which of the following is not a synovial joint?
- condyloid
- gomphosis
- hinge
- saddle
gomphosis
177
a good description for a plantar joint is:
- flat or slightly curves articulating surfaces
- one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave
- oval shaped projection fits into an oval depression
- one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle
- the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement
flat or slightly curves articulating surfaces
