section 5 test

Question 1

serotonin stimulates other neurons to release enkephalins. t/f

Answer 1

true

Question 2

which stimulus does not stimulate the reticular activating system (RAS)

• ana alarm clock
• pain
• smoke
• bright light
• movement of the limbs

Answer 2

smoke

Question 3

Which of the following is an incorrect statement about a feature of the medulla oblongata?

• The inferior cerebellar peduncles are fiber tracts that connect the olives of the medulla to the cerebellum.
• The vestibular nuclear complex is found mostly in the medulla.
• Pyramids contain the main sensory tracts that pass through the brain stem from the spinal cord; they are visible on the dorsal surface of the medulla.
• Vital reflex centers for control of heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure are located in the medulla.

Answer 3

Pyramids contain the main sensory tracts that pass through the brain stem from the spinal cord; they are visible on the dorsal surface of the medulla.

Question 4

Circumventricular organs in the wall of the third ventricle lack a blood-brain barrier. This enables them to:

• facilitate the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles.
• monitor the chemical composition of the blood.
• secrete cerebrospinal fluid into the ventricles.
• all of the above.

Answer 4

monitor the chemical composition of the blood

Question 5

which of the following neurotransmitters does not bind to adrenergic receptors?

• adrenaline
• acetylcholine
• epinephrine
• norepinephrone

Answer 5

acetylcholine

Question 6

Which of the following lines the eyelid and covers the sclera protecting the anterior surface of the eyeball?

• palpebral fissure
• levator palpebrae
• lacrimal caruncle
• lateral commissure
• conjectiva

Answer 6

conjectiva

Question 7

A layer of dense connective tissue that covers all of the eyeball except the cornea is called _____.

• choroid coat
• conjunctiva
• sclera
• retina
• iris

Answer 7

sclera

Question 8

The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier:

• is the same thing as the blood-brain barrier.
• is due mainly to tight junctions between endothelial cells of the capillaries throughout the brain tissue.
• protects the neurons of the brain from potentially harmful substances in the blood.
• is another name for cranial meninges.

Answer 8

protects the neurons of the brain from potentially harmful substances in the blood

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the basal ganglia is TRUE?

• The largest nucleus is the globus pallidus.
• The corpus striatum consists of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus.
• The putamen and caudate nucleus regulate muscle tone required for specific movements
• All of the above.

Answer 9

the corpus striatum consists of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus

Question 10

_ receptors are both alpha and beta and bind norepinephrine

Answer 10

adrenergic

Question 11

Which of the following does not describe the visual pathway as light enters the eye?

• medial fibers of the retina cross over at the optic chiasma while lateral fibers do not
• all axons from the temporal half of the retina cross in the optic chiasm
• all axons of the retina exit the eye at the optic disc
• the optic tract connects to the thalamus which then travels to the primary visual area in the cortex

Answer 11

all axons of the temporal half of the retina cross the optic chiasma

Question 12

this is a netlike region of white and gray matter that extends through the brain, maintaining consciousness

• pons
• medulla oblongata
• midbrain
• reticular formation
• decussation of pyramids

Answer 12

reticular formation

Question 13

The ____ lies between the cochlea and the semicircular canals.

• vestibule
• tympanic membrane
• cochlea
• organ of corti
• none of the above

Answer 13

vestibule

Question 14

in what part of the brain would you find the pneumotaxic and bpneustic areas?

• thalamus
• limbic system
• cerebellum
• pons

Answer 14

pons

Question 15

this darkly pigmented structure reduces light reflection within the eyeball

• sclera
• conjunctiva
• iris
• choroid coat
• retina

Answer 15

choroid coat

Question 16

the _ is a passageway through the midbrain. It connects the third and fourth ventricles

Answer 16

cerebral aqueduct

Question 17

which of the following does not occur during sleep?

• ANS is stimulated
• decrease of heart rate
• decrease of blood pressure
• skeletal muscles can not contract
• dream during REM

Answer 17

ANS is stimulated

Question 18

_ receptors are receptors found throughout the body that bind norepinephrine

Answer 18

adrenergic

Question 19

in what part of the brain would you find the cerebral peduncles?

• midbrain
• medulla oblongata
• hypothalaus
• cerebrum

Answer 19

midbrain

Question 20

these cells provide for the sense of taste.

• olfactory hair cells
• tastant cells
• basal stem cells
• general receptor cells
• gustatory cells

Answer 20

gustatory cells

Question 21

nerve impulses from the cochlear hair cells and crest ampullaris of the inner ear are carried by cranial nerve _

Answer 21

vestibulocochlear VIII

Question 22

static equilibrium is the equilibrium that detects sudden movement and aids in maintaining balance. t/f

Answer 22

false

Question 23

the blood cerebrospinal fluid layer does not allow any substances from the blood to enter the CSF. t/f

Answer 23

false

Question 24

olfactory receptors are chemoreceptors. t/f

Answer 24

true

Question 25

the pineal gland is attached to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum. t/f

Answer 25

false

Question 26

This cranial nerve is a mixed nerve that conveys impulses for touch, pain, temperature sensation and proprioception . This nerve also has motor control over mastication (chewing). - vagus - accessory - hypoglossal - glossopharygeal - facial - trigeminal - trochlear

Answer 26

trigeminal

Question 27

the first order neurons of the olfactory pathway are _ neurons called olfactory receptor cells

Answer 27

bipolar

Question 28

Where are cold receptors found? - Stratum Lucidum - Dermis - Stratum basale - Stratum Corneum - Hypodermis

Answer 28

stratum basale

Question 29

_ is the deep bridge of nerve fibers connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres - cerebral peduncles - cerebellar peduncles - limbic system - thalamus - basal ganglia - corpus callosum

Answer 29

corpus callosum

Question 30

which of the following is not found in the frontal lobe? - wernickes area - primary motor areas - frontal eye field - brocas area

Answer 30

wernickes area

Question 31

the regions of the brain stem involves in the control of respiration are the: - medulla and pons - pons and midbrain - midbrain and medulla - midbrain pons and medulla

Answer 31

medulla and pons

Question 32

some physiological responses require activation of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. t/f

Answer 32

true

Question 33

_ is when several rods come together and send their impulses along the same nerve fiber

Answer 33

convergence

Question 34

Which of the following is (are) not a cholinergic receptor(s)? - alpha 1 - alpha 2 - nicotinic - muscarinic - both alpha 1 and alpha 2 - both nicotinic and muscarinic

Answer 34

both alpha 1 and alpha 2

Question 35

the space within the eye between the lens and the cornea is the anterior cavity. t/f

Answer 35

true

Question 36

activation of the sympathetic nervous system will cause - dilation of the pupils - constriction of the pupils - increased urone production and wetting the pants - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 36

dilation of the pupil

Question 37

If you enter a room and smell a strong odor but the odor soon seems to fade away, you have experienced a ____ - change in the concentration of the substance. - change in the room temperature. - damage to your sensory receptors. - sensory adaptation.

Answer 37

sensory adaption

Question 38

the first step in visual transduction (nerve pathway) is: - allowing light through pupil - topping scattering of light - enhancing light level - absorbing light by photopigments - generating action potentials in optic nerve

Answer 38

absorbing light by photopigments

Question 39

in what part of the brain would you find the arbor vitae? - thalamus - limbic system - cerebellum - pons

Answer 39

cerebellum

Question 40

_ equilibrium is controlled by receptors in the saccule and utricle respond to gravity and report changes in head position maintaining stability and balance when the body is still

Answer 40

static

Question 41

_ are proprioceptors which have a thin capsule of connective tissue enclosing a few bundles of collagen fibers

Answer 41

golgi tendon organ

Question 42

Which of the following is a way that cerebral spinal fluid contributes to homeostasis? - Mechanical protection - Chemical protection - Circulation - Both a and b - All of the above

Answer 42

all of the above

Question 43

which of the following responses is a result of sympathetic stimulation? - decreased heart rate - pupillary constriction - increased digestive secretions - increased rate and depth of breathing

Answer 43

increased rate and depth of breathing

Question 44

adaption of sensory receptors involves decreasing the receptor potential as a stimulus decreases in intensity. t/f

Answer 44

false

Question 45

Which of the following is not an event in the process of sensation? - Stimulation of sensory receptors - Transduction of the stimulus - Transmission of the synapse - Generation of impulses - Integration of sensory input.

Answer 45

transmission of the synapse

Question 46

_ and golgi tendon organs are proprioceptors which contain dendrites of slowly adapting sensory neurons

Answer 46

muscle spindles

Question 47

the _ secretes tears and has a series of ducts that carries tears into the nasal cavity

Answer 47

lacrimal gland

Question 48

muscle spindle receptors are stimulated more when? - muscles are metabolically active and produce oxygen - muscle tension increases - muscle tension decreases - muscle tension stays the same

Answer 48

muscle tension decreases

Question 49

this fluid filled space is located in the midline of the brain beneath the corpus callous - central canal - cerebral aqueduct - lateral ventricle - fourth ventricle - third ventricle

Answer 49

third ventricle

Question 50

this helps maintain consciousness - reticular activating system - pons - substantia nigra - olive - inferior peduncles

Answer 50

reticular activating system

Question 51

the _ is the part of the brain stem that includes the cardiac and vasomotor centers

Answer 51

medulla oblongata

Question 52

the colored portion of the eye that has a diaphragm composed of mostly connective tissue and smooth muscle is called the _

Answer 52

iris

Question 53

when the ciliary muscles contract the lens thickens causing close focus. t/f

Answer 53

true

Question 54

Pyramids are - Gray matter extensions on the medulla - White matter extensions on the medulla - Gray matter extensions on the brain stem - White matter extensions on the brain stem - Superior to the medial lemniscus

Answer 54

white matter extensions on the medulla

Question 55

the _ division of the autonomic nervous system functions primarily to allow for regenerative rest periods under less stressful situations

Answer 55

parasympathetic

Question 56

Which of the following thalamic nuclei is correctly matched with its function? - anterior nucleus; emotions and memory - lateral geniculate nucleus; taste - medial geniculate nucleus; voluntary motor actions - ventral posterior nucleus; vision

Answer 56

anterior nucleus. emotions and memory

Question 57

This is the space that is found between the iris and the vitreous humor. - anterior chamber - anterior cavity - posterior chamber - posterior cavity

Answer 57

posterior chamber

Question 58

which of the following is not true about rods? - have rhodopsin - recognize the general outline - black and white vision - good vision in dim light - found in the fovea centralis - none of the above

Answer 58

found in the fovea centralis

Question 59

which of the following nerves is not responsible for eyeball movement? - abducens - oculomotor - trochlear - optic

Answer 59

optic

Question 60

which of the following is true for olfactory hairs? - they are cilia of olfactory receptors - they are dendrites of olfactory neurons - they are cilia of the supporting cells - tey produce mucus in the olfactory glands

Answer 60

they are cilia of olfactory receptors

Question 61

Which of the following pairs of terms is incorrectly matched? - exteroceptors; at or near the surface of the body - proprioceptors; in walls of blood vessels - cutaneous receptors; in skin and mucous membranes - interoceptors; in internal organs (viscera)

Answer 61

proprioceptors; in walls of blood vessels

Question 62

if the reticular formation is injured, the affected person might exhibit signs of - hyperactivity - increased metabolism - increased sympathetic system responses - unconsciousness, or coma

Answer 62

Unconsciousness, or coma

Question 63

____ is an illness involving tremors of the hands, slowed movements, and muscle rigidity. - Parkinson's disease - epilepsy - schizophrenia - myasthenia gravis - Alzheimer's disease - Huntington disease

Answer 63

parkinsons disease

Question 64

the _ division of the ANS is mostly responsible for regulating restorative, energy conserving body activities

Answer 64

parasympathetic

Question 65

This cranial nerve is a mixed nerve that has sensory input from the viscera, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. This nerve also has motor control over speech, swallowing, and viscera. - vagus - accessory - hypoglossal - glossopharyngeal - facial - trigeminal

Answer 65

vagus

Question 66

Which of the following is not a function of the basal ganglia? - control subconscious contraction of skeletal muscles - influence attention, memory and planning - help initiate and terminate movements - assist in regulating emotional behaviors - all the above are functions of the basal ganglia

Answer 66

all of the above are functions of the basal ganglia

Question 67

ciliary body produces the fluid of the eye known as _

Answer 67

aqueous humor

Question 68

this area contains neurons that release dopamine - substantia nigra - olive - inferior colliculi - cerebral peduncles - apneustic area

Answer 68

substantia nigra

Question 69

The neurotransmitter acetylcholine binds with which of the following types of receptors? 1) alpha, 2) beta, 3) nicotinic, and 4) muscarinic - 1, 2, 3, 4 - 1, 2 - 3, 4 - 3 only

Answer 69

3, 4

Question 70

_ is an endocrine gland in the brain that controls the majority of endocrine organs

Answer 70

Pituitary gland

Question 71

in what part of the brain would you find the cerebral aqueduct? - midbrain - medulla oblogata - hypothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 71

midbrain

Question 72

cranial nerve VI is the facial nerve. t/f

Answer 72

false

Question 73

a generator potential produces action potentials and a receptor potential causes release of neurotransmitters. t/f

Answer 73

true

Question 74

which of the following is not a proprioceptor? - hair root plexus - hair cells of the inner ear - golgi tendon organ - muscle spindle

Answer 74

hair root plexus

Question 75

sensation differs from perception in that perception involves activity of the cerebral cortex. t/f

Answer 75

true

Question 76

in what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary visual area? - occipital lobe - temporal lobe - parietal lobe - frontal lobe

Answer 76

occipital lobe

Question 77

the decrease in level of sensitivity of a receptor to a long lasting stimulus is called _

Answer 77

adaption

Question 78

nerve impulses from taste receptors can travel in the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerve. t/f

Answer 78

true

Question 79

the hypothalamus has a large regulatory role in the brain. t/f

Answer 79

true

Question 80

_ are receptor cells that are more sensitive to light for good night vision

Answer 80

rods

Question 81

Which of the following is not a true statement regarding the blood-brain barrier (BBB)? - astrocytes play a primary role - it consists mainly of gap junctions - it prevents passage of possible therapeutic drugs - it allows easy passage of lipid-soluble substances - it prevents the flow of proteins across it

Answer 81

it consists mainly of gap junctions

Question 82

during REM sleep - most dreaming occurs - most somatic motor neurons are inactive - the RAS is inhibited by adenosine - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 82

a b and c are correct

Question 83

the awareness of differences in the external or internal environment is defined as: - perception - transduction - sensation - integration - conduction

Answer 83

sensation

Question 84

the _ colliculi of the midbrain contain reflex centers for sudden movements of the head and trunk in response to auditory stimuli; the _ colliculi contain reflex centers for movements of the eyes, head and neck in response to visual stimuli

Answer 84

inferior, superior

Question 85

the photoreceptors that have black and white vision and only detect only general outlines are _

Answer 85

rods

Question 86

a nerve is a group of fibers in the nervous system that transmits impulses. t/f

Answer 86

true

Question 87

Which of the following does not describe the autonomic nervous system? - the effectors are primarily skeletal muscles - the sympathetic division generally stimulates an organ - the sympathetic division increases heart rate - it is under involuntary control - the parasympathetic division decreases heart rate

Answer 87

the effectors are primarily skeletal muscles

Question 88

melatonin is the hormone that is released by the _ which is an endocrine gland found in the brain that affects circadian rhythms in animals

Answer 88

pineal gland

Question 89

visceral pain results from stimulating - nociceptors - chemoreceptors - exteroreceptors - proprioceptors - none of the above

Answer 89

nociceptors

Question 90

people would benefit from losing the ability to perceive pain. t/f

Answer 90

false

Question 91

which of the following is not a feature of the cranial meninges? - flax cerebelli - flax cerebri - tentorium cerebelli - epidural space

Answer 91

epidural space

Question 92

The infundibulum is the anatomical link between the brain and the pituitary gland, and therefore it is the primary link between the nervous and endocrine systems. Structures contained in the infundibulum consist of which of the following? - a tract that transports hormones from the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei to the posterior pituitary - small blood vessels that transport regulating hormones from the median eminence if the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary - Both A and B are correct. - Neither A or B is correct.

Answer 92

both a and b are correct

Question 93

An accumulation of blood (hematoma) found between the cranial dura mater and the frontal bone as a result of a head injury is termed a: - subdural hematoma - epidural hematoma - subarachnoid hematoma - pial hematoma

Answer 93

epidural hematoma

Question 94

If you forget your watch is on your arm because you can no long feel its presence, you have experienced a ____ - change in the concentration of the substance. - change in the room temperature. - damage to your sensory receptors. - sensory adaptation.

Answer 94

sensory adaption

Question 95

cranial nerves, like spinal nerves, are all mixed nerves. t/f

Answer 95

false

Question 96

this structure is responsible for secondary control of respiration - spinal cord - midbrain - pons - thalamus - cerebellum

Answer 96

pons

Question 97

the yellow spot at the center of the posterior portion of the retina, called the macula lutea, contains a depression called_ which contains only cone photoreceptors

Answer 97

fovea centralis

Question 98

the white matter of the cerebellum is knows as the - tentorium cerebelli - flocculomotor lobe - arbor vitae - cerebella peduncle

Answer 98

arbor vitae

Question 99

Which of the following is the pathway of sound waves from the auricle to the spiral organ of Corti? - external auditory canal ? tympanic membrane ? maleus ? incus ? stapes ? oval window ? perilymph - external auditory canal ? tympanic membrane ? stapes ? incus ? maleus ? secondary tympanic membrane ? endolymph - eustachian tube ? tympanic membrane ? incus ? maleus ? stapes ? oval window ? endolymph - internal auditory canal ? tympanic membrane ? eustachian tube ? maleus ? incus ? stapes ? secondary tympanic membrane ? perilymph - internal auditory canal ? tympanic membrane ? maleus ? incus ? stapes ? secondary tympanic membrane ? Perilymph

Answer 99

external auditory canal ? tympanic membrane ? maleus ? incus ? stapes ? oval window ? perilymph

Question 100

The limbic system is found within the ____ and is considered the ____ - diencephalon, relay station. - cerebrum, emotional center. - midbrain, relay station. - midbrain, emotional center.

Answer 100

cerebrum, emotional center

Question 101

Which of the following are known to be free nerve endings? 1) nociceptors, 2) thermoreceptors, 3) proprioceptors, 4) type I mechanoreceptors, 5) type II mechanoreceptors, and 6) receptors for itch and tickle - 2, 4, 6 - 1, 2, 6 - 3, 4, 5 - 1, 2, 3

Answer 101

1, 2, 6

Question 102

Small masses of gray matter that are scattered throughout the brain stem and the inferior part of the diencephalon and whose function is to influence muscle tone and to cause arousal from sleep are collectively referred to as the_

Answer 102

reticular formation

Question 103

which of the following is found in the frontal lobe? - wernicke's area - broca's area - gustatory cortex - olfactory cortex - all of the above

Answer 103

broca's area

Question 104

cranial nerve V is the facial nerve. t/f

Answer 104

false

Question 105

Glaucoma, the most common cause of blindness in the United States, results from abnormal build-up of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber of the eye. t/f

Answer 105

true

Question 106

which cranial nerve is responsible for facial expression? - oculomotor - trigeminal - spinal accessory - facial - vagus

Answer 106

facial

Question 107

the _ contains the photoreceptors in the eye and is a nearly transparent sheet of tissue continuous with the optic nerve

Answer 107

retina

Question 108

adaption - occurs rapidly - is an increase in sensitivity - is seen in olfaction and hearing - occurs only with vision - never occurs with taste

Answer 108

occurs rapidly

Question 109

alpha and beta adrenergic receptors - are sensitive to epinephrine - have several subclasses - mediate response to the sympathetic nervous system - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 109

mediate response to the sympathetic nervous system

Question 110

the main function of this structure is to regulate the amount of light entering the eyeball through the pupil - retina - cornea - iris - choroid - tunic

Answer 110

iris

Question 111

Which is a function of the vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve? - conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp - turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle - conveys impulses from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue - conveys impulses associated with hearing and equilibrium

Answer 111

conveys impulses associated with hearing and equilibrium

Question 112

_ is the emotional center of the brain - brocas area - wernickes area - gustatory cortex - olfactory cortex - basal ganglia - limbic system

Answer 112

limbic system

Question 113

these cells provide for the sense of smell - olfactory hair cells - glial cells - basal stem cells - bowmans glands - gustatory cells

Answer 113

olfactory hair cells

Question 114

_ is an illness associated with a decrease in dopamine. the symptoms include tremors of the hands, slowed movements, and muscle rigidity

Answer 114

Parkinson's disease

Question 115

the cranial nerve that originates from both the brain and the spinal cord is the _

Answer 115

accessory XI

Question 116

Venous blood drains into the ______ before leaving the cranium via the jugular veins? - subdural space - subarachnoid venous space - dural venous sinuses - B and C - all of the above

Answer 116

dural venous sinuses

Question 117

which of the following is not found in the temporal lobe? - wernickes area - brocas area - auditory cortex - olfactory cortex

Answer 117

brocas area

Question 118

the cranial nerve known as the _ contains motor fibers and sensory fibers that connect to most organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Answer 118

Vagus X

Question 119

Which of the following statements about the cornea is true? - The outer surface is keratinized simple squamous epithelium. - The outer surface is nonkeratinized simple squamous epithelium. - The connective tissue layer of the cornea is avascular. - It contains proteins called crystallins.

Answer 119

the connective tissue layer of the cornea is avascular

Question 120

this structure is responsible for somatic (startle) reflexes in response to loud sounds - spinal cord - midbrain - pons - thalamus - cerebellum

Answer 120

midbrain

Question 121

taste buds consist of supporting c ells, gustatory receptor cells, and basal cells. t/f

Answer 121

true

Question 122

the dorsal root ganglion contains the cell bodies of motor neurons. t/f

Answer 122

false

Question 123

temperature receptors adapt rapidly. t/f

Answer 123

true

Question 124

The postcentral gyri of the parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex - Are considered the primary gustatory area - Receives body sensory information - Controls voluntary body movements - Receives visual information - Provides the ability to move the eyeballs

Answer 124

receives body sensory information

Question 125

this is the space that is found between the cornea and the iris and is filled with aqueous humor - anterior chamber - anterior cavity - posterior chamber - posterior cavity - pupil

Answer 125

anterior chamber

Question 126

The hypothalamus - produces hormones - plays a major role in regulating homeostasis, visceral activity and temperature - regulates certain emotions like rage, sexual arousal, aggression, pain and pleasure - regulates eating and drinking behavior - all are correct

Answer 126

all are correct

Question 127

Loss of taste in the anterior region of the tongue may be an indication of damage to which cranial nerve? - facial VII - trigeminal V - glossopharyngeal IX - vagus X

Answer 127

facial VII

Question 128

the lateral cerebral sulcus primarily separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe. t/f

Answer 128

false

Question 129

which of the following is nor adrenergic receptors? - alpha 1 - alpha 2 - nicotinic - muscarinic - both alpha 1 and alpha 2 - both nicotinic and muscarinic

Answer 129

both nicotinic and muscarinic

Question 130

cerebrospinal fluid carries chemicals from the _ to neurons - interstitial fluid - bile - intercellular fluid - arachnoid space - blood

Answer 130

blood

Question 131

which of the below receptors is primarily used during hight light situations? - scotopsin - b rods - cones - vitamin A - optic nerve

Answer 131

cones

Question 132

cranial nerve V is also known as the _ nerve - trochlear - oculomotor - trigeminal - vagus - abducens

Answer 132

trigeminal

Question 133

Select the best description for the lacrimal glands: - near the external opening of the external auditory canal - embedded in tarsal plate of eyelid - superior and lateral to the eyeball - in connective tissue underneath the olfactory epithelium - at the base of the follicles of the eyelashes

Answer 133

superior and lateral to the eyeball

Question 134

A block of which nerve would provide anesthesia to the lower teeth and chin? - maxillary branch of cranial nerve V - mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve - glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) - cranial nerve VII

Answer 134

mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

Question 135

the yellow spot at the center of the posterior portion of the retina, called the _ contains a depression called the fovea centralis which contains only cone photoreceptios

Answer 135

macula lutea

Question 136

motor neurons carry impulses from the periphery to the brain or spinal cord. t/f

Answer 136

false

Question 137

obstruction or blockage of the nasolacrimal duct will prevent drainage of tears into the: - aqqueous humor - vitreous humor - nasal cavity - ciliary body

Answer 137

nasal cavity

Question 138

Visual sensations from images focused on the side of the retina tend to be blurred because there ____ - are no rods in this region. - are more cones than rods in this region. - are more rods than cones in this region. - is an optic disk located on the side.

Answer 138

are more rods than cones in this region

Question 139

sensory information that arrives in the brain from tracts in the spinal cord is relayed by the thalamus along _ fibers to the cerebral cortex - association - commissure - projection - none of the above

Answer 139

projection

Question 140

this type of sensory receptor responds t stimuli resulting from physical or chemical damage to tissue - encapsulated nerve endings - free nerve endings - seperate cells - nociceptors - chemoreceptors

Answer 140

nociceptors

Question 141

Which of the following is true when comparing types of pain sensations? - C fibers, myelinated, slow pain - A fibers, unmyelinated, acute pain - C fibers, unmyelinated, chronic pain - A fibers, myelinated, slow pain

Answer 141

C fibers, unmyelinated, chronic pain

Question 142

when the ciliary muscles contract the lens thickens causing a far away focus. t/f

Answer 142

false

Question 143

the lacrimal gland _ - is responsible for tear secretion - makes lysozyme - is found laterally above the eye - all of the above

Answer 143

all of the above

Question 144

_ is the cranial nerve that has sensory input for taste and motor output for swallowing and gagging

Answer 144

glossopharyngeal IX

Question 145

Which of the following is (are) adrenergic receptor(s)? - alpha 1 - alpha 2 - nicotinic - muscarinic - both alpha 1 and alpha 2 - both nicotinic and muscarinic

Answer 145

both alpha 1 and alpha 2

Question 146

small ridges on the surface of the cerebellar cortex are called - gyri - sulci - folia - vermis

Answer 146

folia

Question 147

``` this contains axons of sensory neurons that extend from the medulla oblongata to the thalamus -tectum -colliculi substantia nigra -pontine nuclei -none of the above ```

Answer 147

none of the above

Question 148

the olfactory (I) nerves terminate in masses of gray matter called _ which are located on the inferior surface of the brain, superior to the ethmoid bone

Answer 148

olfactory bulb

Question 149

sympathetic activity will increase blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscles. t/f

Answer 149

true

Question 150

Choroid plexuses are specialized capillaries in the CNS that: 1) are covered by ependymal cells, 2) are located in the walls of the ventricles, 3) are located in the dural venous sinuses, 4) are the sites for reabsorption of CSF, and 5) are derived from the arachnoid layer of the meninges - 3, 4, 5 - 1, 2, 4, 5 - 1, 2 - 2, 3, 4

Answer 150

1, 2

Question 151

melatonin is the hormone that is released by the _ which is an endocrine gland found in the brain that affects circadian rhythms in animals

Answer 151

pineal gland

Question 152

all cranial nerves, except for _ and the optic (II), originate from the brain stem

Answer 152

olfactory (I)

Question 153

the stapes transmits vibrations to the oval window of the middle ear. t/f

Answer 153

true

Question 154

which part of the brain stem contains the cerebral peduncles - medulla oblongata - pons - midbrain - pyramids - none of the above

Answer 154

midbrain

Question 155

Acetylcholine binds to - nicotinic receptors - muscarinic receptors - alpha receptors - A and B are correct - A, B, and C are correct

Answer 155

a and b are correct

Question 156

the olfactory nerve is a mixed nerve with both motor and sensory functions. t/f

Answer 156

false

Question 157

Which of the following effects does not occur during the fight-or-flight response? - the pupils constrict - the airways increase in diameter - blood vessels to skeletal muscles dilate - heart rate speeds up - blood pressure increases

Answer 157

the pupils constrict

Question 158

The best example of referred pain is: - shoulder pain while throwing a baseball - pain still present several minutes after stubbing your toe - pain felt into the left arm during a heart attack - pain down your leg from a pinched nerve in your back

Answer 158

pain felt into the left arm during a heart attack

Question 159

the primary visual area is located in which lobe of the brain? - frontal - occipital - patietal - flocculondular - posterior

Answer 159

occipital

Question 160

The primary auditory area and the primary olfactory areas are located in the temporal lobe of the cortex; the primary visual area is located in the occipital lobe. t/f

Answer 160

true

Question 161

in what lobe if the cerebrum would you find the primary somatosensory area? - occipital lobe - temporal lobe - parietal lobe - frontal lobe

Answer 161

parietal lobe

Question 162

which is not considered an accessory structure of the eye? - eyelids - eyelashes - lacrimal apparatus - eyebrows - retina

Answer 162

retina

Question 163

pain sensation is detected by slowly adapting receptors. t/f

Answer 163

true

Question 164

Which is a function of the accessory (XI) nerve? - conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue - conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles - conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles - controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing

Answer 164

conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 165

Select the best description for the ceruminous glands: - near the external opening of the external auditory canal - embedded in tarsal plate of eyelid - superior and lateral to the eyeball - in connective tissue underneath the olfactory epithelium - at the base of the follicles of the eyelashes

Answer 165

near the external opening of the external auditory canal

Question 166

lower motor cell bodies have their cell bodies in the _ and their axons in the _ - ganglia, brain - spine, brain - brain, head - brain, spine - spine, ganglia

Answer 166

brain, head

Question 167

which of the following is a part of the diencephalon? - thalamus - medulla oblongata - superior colliculi - olfactory cortex

Answer 167

thalamus

Question 168

Which is the correct order in the flow of tears? - lacrimal gland, lacrimal sac, excretory lacrimal duct, superior or inferior lacrimal canal, nasolacrimal duct, nasal cavity - lacrimal gland, excretory lacrimal duct, superior or inferior lacrimal canal, nasolacrimal duct, lacrimal sac, nasal cavity - lacrimal gland, excretory lacrimal duct, nasolacrimal duct, superior or inferior lacrimal canal, lacrimal sac, nasal cavity - lacrimal gland, excretory lacrimal duct, superior of inferior lacrimal canal, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct, nasal cavity - lacrimal gland, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct, superior or inferior lacrimal canal, excretory lacrimal duct, nasal cavity

Answer 168

lacrimal gland, excretory lacrimal duct, superior of inferior lacrimal canal, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct, nasal cavity

Question 169

loss of olfactory receptors is a permanent injury. t/f

Answer 169

true

Question 170

Medulla nuclei are - Masses of gray matter - Masses of white matter - Both a and b - Decussation of the pyramids - None of the abov

Answer 170

masses of the gray matter

Question 171

_ this is the area of the frontal lobe of the brain coordinates motor speech. injury allows understanding of spoken words but the individual is unable to speak

Answer 171

broca's area

Question 172

this protects the brain by preventing passage of harmful substances and pathogens - dura mater - arachnoid mater - cerebrospinal fluid - blood brain barrier - all of the above

Answer 172

blood brain barrier

Question 173

The cranial nerve responsible for taste and facial expression that is a mixed nerve is ____ - vestibulocochlear VIII. - facial VII. - abducens VI. - trigeminal V. - glossopharyngeal IX. - trochlear IV.

Answer 173

facial VII

Question 174

_ circulates through the ventricles of the brain

Answer 174

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 175

the tiny elevations on the surface of the tongue are called _

Answer 175

papillae

Question 176

Which statement is false about the medulla oblongata? - the cardiovascular center regulates heart rate - the nuclei of the medulla oblongata are masses of white matter where neurons synapse - some nuclei are involved with coughing swallowing, and sneezing - the medullary rhythmicity center adjusts breathing

Answer 176

the nuclei of the medulla oblongata are masses of white matter where neurons synapse

Question 177

The corpus callosum allows information to travel between cerebral hemispheres. Therefore the corpus callosum contains _____ fibers. - association - commissural - projection - all of the above

Answer 177

commissural

Question 178

in what part of the brain would you find the olive? - midbrain - medulla oblongata - hpothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 178

medulla oblongata

Question 179

which of the below structures carries action potentials caused by sound transduction? - cochlea - pinna - tympanic membrane - organ or corti - vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 179

vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 180

the primary reason that the sympathetic division of the ANS produces immediate responces within the body is based on the concept of divergence. t/f

Answer 180

true

Question 181

Which is a true statement regarding the effects of aging on the brain? - brain mass and conduction velocity stay the same - conduction velocity increases and brain mass decreases - the number of synapses remains constant and conduction velocity remains constant - reflex times increase and brain mass declines - the number of synapses decreases and reflex time decreases

Answer 181

reflex times increase and brain mass declines

Question 182

_ receptors are receptors found throughout the body that bind acetylcholine

Answer 182

cholinergic

Question 183

which of the below responses is not caused by the sympathetic division? - increased heart rate - airway constriction - decreased blood flow to kidneys and gastrointestinal tract - increased blood flow to skeletal and cardiac muscle, liver and fat - increased blood glucose level

Answer 183

airway constriction

Question 184

_ is an endocrine gland in the brain that secretes releasing hormones that affect the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 184

hypothalamus

Question 185

which of the below responses is not caused by the parasympathetic division - decreased heart rate - airway dilation - pupil dilation - increased digestion - increased urine production

Answer 185

pupil dilation

Question 186

the cardiovascular center and the medullary rhythmicity area of the respiratory center are located in the brain stem region called the _

Answer 186

medulla oblongata

Question 187

this lies between the lens and the retina - vitreous humor (chamber) - pupil - iris - cornea - aqueous chamber

Answer 187

vitreous humor (chamber)

Question 188

which of the following is considered a rapidly adapting receptor? - meissner corpuscle - merkel disc - pacinian corpuscle - both a and b - all of the above

Answer 188

meissner corpuscle

Question 189

the photoreceptors that have color vision and detect sharp images are _

Answer 189

cones

Question 190

the caudate nucleus and lantiform nucleus are examples of basal ganglia in the cerebrum. t/f

Answer 190

true

Question 191

the _ is where the nerve fibers and blood vessels leave the eye and become the optic nerve. it lacks receptor cells and is sometimes referred to as the blind spot

Answer 191

optic disk

Question 192

The cerebellar peduncles conduct information into and out of the cerebellum. The correct statement is: - the superior cerebellar peduncles conduct only sensory information. - the inferior cerebellar peduncles contain only motor fibers. - the middle cerebellar peduncles contain only afferent (sensory) fibers. - none of the above.

Answer 192

none of the above

Question 193

the olfactory (I) nerves consist of approximately 40 bundles of axons of olfactory neurons that extend through foramina in the cribriform place of the _ bone

Answer 193

ethmoid

Question 194

which of the following is not true about cones? - have fiodopsin - recognize the general outline - are responsible for color vision - have poor vision in dim light - are responsible for sharp vision - are found in the fovea centralis

Answer 194

recognize the general outline

Question 195

in what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the broca's speech area/ - occipital lobe - temporal lobe - parietal lobe - frontal lobe

Answer 195

frontal lobe

Question 196

the parasympathetic division will send signals to the heart of a person in a convenience store that is being burglarized at gunpoint. t/f

Answer 196

false

Question 197

Temperature receptors adapt slowly. t/f

Answer 197

false

Question 198

the anatomical structure is responsible for monitoring the change in length of a muscle is called: - golgi tendon organ - alpha motor neuron - muscle spindle organ - ruffini corpuscle - free nerve ending

Answer 198

muscle spindle organ

Question 199

Taste receptors are ____ - found only on the tongue. - unable to reproduce. - modified connective tissue cells. - modified epithelial cells.

Answer 199

modified epithelial cells

Question 200

which of the below structures acts to convert sound waves to vibrations? - cochlea - pinna - tympanic membrane - organ of corti - vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 200

tympanic membrane

Question 201

the lateral cerebral sulcus primarily separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe. t/f

Answer 201

false

Question 202

memory is best defines as: - the reinforcement that results from frequent retrieval of a piece of information - the capability for change while learning - the way in which information is stored and retrieved - the ability to attain new information or skills

Answer 202

the way in which information is stored and retrieved

Question 203

this mass contains visual reflexes responsible for moving head in response to sound - basal ganglia - brocas area - superior colliculi - limbic system - inferior colliculi

Answer 203

inferior colliculi

Question 204

optic nerve II is the facial nerve. t/f

Answer 204

false

Question 205

these are found in the articular capsules of synovial joints - golgi tendon organs - gamma motor neurons - muscle spindles - kinesthetic receptors - tactile receptors

Answer 205

kinesthetic receptors

Question 206

when the ciliary muscles relax the lens thickens causing a far off focus. t/f

Answer 206

false

Question 207

which of the following is not a feature of the external ear? - eustachian (auditory) tube - auricle - oval window - tympanic membrane - a and d - a and c

Answer 207

a and c

Question 208

a midsagittal section of the brain would pass through which of the following? - longitudinal fissure - corpus callous - falx cerebri - all of the above

Answer 208

all of the above

Question 209

_ nerves originate from the underside of the brain

Answer 209

cranial

Question 210

the same number of cranial nerves are involved in transmitting sensations in both olfaction and gustation. t/f

Answer 210

false

Question 211

sleep walking occurs in which stage of non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep? - stage 1 - stage 2 - stage 3 - stage 4

Answer 211

stage 4

Question 212

_ is an inherited illness associated with personality changes, loss of coordination, rapid jerky movements that are involuntary and without purpose, and finally death

Answer 212

Huntington's disease

Question 213

which of the following would not be considered to be a sensory modality? - pain - vision - equilibrium - thought - vibration

Answer 213

thought

Question 214

which of the following is not a part of the hypothalamus? - preoptic region - tuberal region - supraoptic region - intermediate mass

Answer 214

intermediate mass

Question 215

which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for vision - brocas area - primary visual area - common integrative area - primary olfactory area - primary somatosensory area

Answer 215

primary visual area

Question 216

Which of the following sympathetic responses is mismatched with its body part? - iris of eye - dilation of pupil - liver - increased glycogen synthesis - stomach - decreased motility - hair follicles - contraction of arrector pili muscles - adipose tissue - increased lipolysis

Answer 216

liver- increased glycogen synthesis

Question 217

Which of the following is not true when comparing the direct and indirect motor pathways? - the direct motor pathways are also called the pyramidal pathways - the indirect motor pathways consist of three major tracts - the lateral corticospinal tracts are a component of the direct motor pathways - 90% of the axons decussate in the medulla oblongata in the direct motor pathways - the rubrospinal tracts are a part of the indirect motor pathways

Answer 217

the indirect motor pathways consist of three major tracts

Question 218

Identify the incorrect statement. - Proprioceptive sensations allow us to estimate the weight of certain objects - Proprioceptive sensations are from slowly adapting receptors - Proprioceptive sensations have receptors embedded in muscles and tendons - Proprioceptive sensations allow us to determine position of body structures - Proprioceptive sensations promote activity of the gustatory region of the brain

Answer 218

proprioceptive sensations promote activity of the gustatory region of the brain

Question 219

If a person can see and hear, but does not have a startle reflex, a clinician would suspect damage to the - superior colliculus - inferior colliculus - tectum - A and B are correct - A, B, and C are correct

Answer 219

a b and c are correct

Question 220

taste receptors are found only on the tongue. t/f

Answer 220

false

Question 221

Sensory nerve impulses may be integrated at all of the following levels of the CNS. Perception, however, occurs when sensory impulses reach which region? - spinal cord - brain stem - thalamus - cerebral cortex

Answer 221

cerebral cortex

Question 222

the brain must have an almost continuous supply of _ - oxygen - glucose - fatty acids - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 222

a and b are correct

Question 223

tears contain an enzyme that functions to reduce the chances of developing an eye infection. t/f

Answer 223

true

Question 224

the posterior cavity is filled with a jelly like fluid called _

Answer 224

vitreous humor

Question 225

which of the below structures conveys vibrations to action potential? - cochlea - pinna - tympanic membrane - organ of corti - vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 225

organ of corti

Question 226

which component of the brain is referred to as the emotional brain as it plays primary role in a wide range of emotions? - basal ganglia - frontal lobe of the cerebrum - corpus callosum - limbic system - cerebral cortex

Answer 226

limic system

Question 227

autonomic receptors that bine the neurotransmitter norepinephrine are called _ receptors

Answer 227

adrenergic

Question 228

evaluation of which brain waves might indicate a brain injury in an awake adult? - alpha waves - beta waves - theta waves - delta waves - alpha and beta waves

Answer 228

delta waves

Question 229

Which is a function of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve? - conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue - conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles - conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles - controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing

Answer 229

conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one third of the tongue

Question 230

which of the following are classified as cholinergic receptors? - Nicotinic and adrenergic receptors - Muscarinic and somatic receptors - Adrenergic and somatic receptors - Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors - Somatic and nicotinic

Answer 230

nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Question 231

which of the following s not controlled by the hypothalamus? - hunger - thirst - blood calcium - emotional behavior - body temperature

Answer 231

blood calcium

Question 232

the _ division of the autonomic nervous system functions at times of stress. it is the fight or flight response

Answer 232

sympathetic

Question 233

the choroid plexus is the fluid produced in the lateral ventricle. t/f

Answer 233

false

Question 234

the hearing receptors are most closely associated with the_ - ampulla - cochlear hair cells - utricle - saccule

Answer 234

cochlear hair cells

Question 235

the _ system of the brain seems to cause pleasant or unpleasant feeling about experiences (emotional center)

Answer 235

limbic

Question 236

the osseous (bony) labyrinth contains perilymph. t/f

Answer 236

true

Question 237

dynamic equilibrium is the equilibrium that detects sudden movement and aids in maintaining balance. t/f

Answer 237

true

Question 238

the general senses are detected by receptors on the dendritic nerve endings of first order sensory neurons. t/f

Answer 238

true

Question 239

which of the following are thought to be diseases of the basal ganglia - parkinson disease - huntington disease - schizophrenia - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 239

a b and c are correct

Question 240

stimulation of nociceptors in the skin gives rise to superficial somatic pain. t/f

Answer 240

true

Question 241

This cranial nerve is a motor nerve that moves the tongue, aides in swallowing, and is involved in speech. - hypoglossal XII - hypoglossal IX - facial VII - trigeminal VII - facial V - trigeminal V

Answer 241

hypoglossal XII

Question 242

Which of the following nerves serves in a gustatory function? - Vestibulocochlear - Oculomotor - Vagus - Trigeminal - Spinal accessory

Answer 242

vagus

Question 243

olfactory receptors are mechanoreceptors. t/f

Answer 243

false

Question 244

the organs responsible for static and dynamic equilibrium are collectively known as the _ apparatus

Answer 244

vestibular

Question 245

Which would be an example of a condition in the body not controlled by autonomic reflexes? - breathing rate and depth - rate of urine formation - tracking a bird flying by - digestion of your evening meal - blood pressure change during exercise

Answer 245

tracking a bird flying by

Question 246

the stapes transmits vibrations to the round window of the inner ear. t/f

Answer 246

false

Question 247

in what part of the brain would you find the insulation? - thalamus - medulla oblongata - hypothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 247

cerebrum

Question 248

your _ coordinates the understanding of speech. damage to this part of your brain can cause incomprehensible speech patterns - broca's area - wernicke's area - gustatory cortex - olfactory cortex - basal ganglia - limbic system

Answer 248

wernicke's area

Question 249

most people have conscious control over their autonomic nervous system. t/f

Answer 249

false

Question 250

cerebrospinal fluid - is an amber colored liquid - protects the brain - maintains the permeability of the endothelial cells - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 250

protects the brain

Question 251

this structure protects the inner parts of the eyeball - sclera - pupil - iris - cornea - retina

Answer 251

sclera

Question 252

there are two types of thermoreceptors: _ receptors in the dermis of the skin and _ receptors located in the stratum basal of the epidermis

Answer 252

warm, cold

Question 253

the term used for an increased memory response to an event is: - synesthesia - long term potentiation - memory consolidation - plasticity - bradykinesia

Answer 253

long term potentiation

Question 254

Which statement about the cerebellum is true? - tracts of gray matter within it are called arbor vitae - the cerebellar peduncles attach it to the cerebrum - the cerebellar lobes are also called tentorium cerebelli - its prime function is to 'fine tune' motor function - the sagittal fissure separates it from the cerebrum

Answer 254

its prime functions is to 'fine tune' motor function

Question 255

_ are proprioceptors located at the junction of a tendon and a muscle

Answer 255

golgi tendon organs

Question 256

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____ and functions to ____ - dura mater; maintain a stable ionic concentration in the CNS. - choroid plexuses in the ventricles; protect the brain from blows to the skull. - arachnoid mater; provide a pathway to the blood for waste substances. - capillaries in the dura mater of the ventricles; provide moisture to the surface of the brain tissue.

Answer 256

choroid plexus in the ventricles; protect the brain from blows to the skull

Question 257

the perception of taste will be significantly altered by obstructions of the nasal cavity. t/f

Answer 257

true

Question 258

the adult brain represents only _ of the total body weight - 2% - 5% - 10% - 12% - 20%

Answer 258

2%

Question 259

Which of the following cranial nerves carries sensory information to the olfactory area? - cranial nerve I - cranial nerve V - cranial nerve VI - cranial nerve VIII - cranial nerve X

Answer 259

cranial nerve I

Question 260

receptors for taste are found - on the tongue - the roof of the mouth - the cheeks - the pharyns - all of the above

Answer 260

all of the above

Question 261

The primary difference between a sensory and a mixed cranial nerve is that a mixed cranial nerve has its origins within the CNS and the spinal cord. t/f

Answer 261

false

Question 262

Which of the cells listed below is/are components of the choroid coat of the retina? 1) amacrine cells, 2) bipolar cells, 3) cones, 4) epithelial cells, and 5) rods - 1, 2 - 1, 2, 4 - 2, 3, 5 - 3, 5 - 4

Answer 262

4

Question 263

which of the following is considered a receptor for fine touch? - meissner corpuscle - merkel disc - pacinian corpuscle - osmoreceptors - photoreceptors

Answer 263

meissner corpuscles

Question 264

_ are the interconnected, fluid-filled cavities within the brain

Answer 264

ventricle

Question 265

which of the following is not true about rods? - have rhodopsin - recognize the general outline - black and white vision - good vision is dim light - are responsible for sharp vision - not found in the fovea centralis

Answer 265

are responsible for sharp vision

Question 266

This portion of the fibrous tunic is white and opaque and continuous with the cornea. - choroid coat - ciliary body - sclera - conjunctiva

Answer 266

sclera

Question 267

proprioception is the sense that provides an awareness of body positions and movements of parts of the body. t/f

Answer 267

true

Question 268

This is the space that is found between the iris and the lens that is filled with aqueous humor. - anterior chamber - anterior cavity - posterior chamber - posterior cavity

Answer 268

posterior chamber

Question 269

which networks of neurons is responsible for arousal and maintenance of consciousness? - limbic system - reticular activating system - tectospinal circuit - b and c are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 269

reticular activating system

Question 270

_ is the motor cranial nerve that controls the tongue during chewing, swallowing, and speech

Answer 270

hypoglossal XII

Question 271

Receptors for pressure and vibration that consist of an oval multi layered capsule surrounding a dendtrie, and that are located in the skin as well as subcutaneous and submucosal tissues, are called _

Answer 271

pacirian corpuscle

Question 272

_ are receptor cells that are less sensitive to light but provide color vision

Answer 272

cones

Question 273

The postcentral gyrus is in the _____ lobe of the cortex; it contains the primary _____ area. - parietal, somatosensory - parietal, motor - frontal, somatosensory - frontal, motor

Answer 273

parietal, somatosensory

Question 274

cerebral spinal fluid is produces in which structure? - choroid plexus - cerebral aqueduct - arachnoid villi - arachnoid granulation - median aperture

Answer 274

choroid plexus

Question 275

the _ connects the inner ear to the pharynx

Answer 275

Eustachian tube

Question 276

sensory receptors can be classified by - types of stimulus detected - location - structure - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 276

a b and c are correct

Question 277

The blood-brain barrier is - created by junctions of endothelial cells. - maintained by astrocytes. - essential for protecting the brain. - A and B are correct. - A, B and C are correct.

Answer 277

a b and c are correct

Question 278

This is the major relay station for most sensory impulses that reach the primary somatosensory areas of the cerebral cortex from the brain stem and the spinal cord. - thalamus - hypothalamus - epithalamus - pons - midbrain

Answer 278

thalamus

Question 279

if you are looking for your glasses and you find them on top of your head, you have experienced a _ - change in the pressure receptor concentration - change in the pressure receptor location - damage to your sensory receptors - sensort adaption

Answer 279

sensory adaption

Question 280

_ is an illness involving excess dopamine activity in the brain causing delusions, distortions of reality, paranoia and hallucinations

Answer 280

schizophrenia

Question 281

_ is the pain that feels like it is coming from a part other than the part being stimulated

Answer 281

referred pain

Question 282

_ receptors are both nicotinic and muscerinic

Answer 282

cholinergic

Question 283

optic nerve III is the facial nerve. t/f

Answer 283

false

Question 284

Which statement best describes the location of the cerebellum? - anterior to cerebrum and anterior to brain stem - posterior to brainstem and inferior to cerebrum - superior to cerebrum and posterior to brainstem - superior to brainstem and posterior to cerebrum

Answer 284

posterior to brainstem and inferior to cerebrum

Question 285

oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose and most anesthetics really pass through the blood brain barrier. t/f

Answer 285

true

Question 286

The tectum of the midbrain bears four rounded elevations: - called substantia nigra. - that control subconscious muscle activities. - that transmit all sensory and motor information between the upper and lower brain regions. - that control reflex movements in response to visual and auditory stimuli.

Answer 286

that control reflex movements in response to visual and auditory stimuli

Question 287

the utricle and saccule contain the sensory receptors associated with the sense of static equilibrium. t/f

Answer 287

true

Question 288

which structure within the ampulla contains hair cells that are involved in dynamic equilibrium? - organ of Corti - macula - otolithic membrane - crista ampullaris - vestibular apparatus

Answer 288

crista ampullaris

Question 289

When an individual has a ringing sensation in the ears in the absence of auditory stimuli is called: - presbyopia - cataracts - presbycusis - tinnitus - glaucoma

Answer 289

tinnitus

Question 290

the stimulation of nociceptors in skeletal muscles and joints give rise to deep _ pain

Answer 290

somatic

Question 291

in what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary motor area? - occipital lobe - teporal lobe - parietal lobe - frontal lobe

Answer 291

frontal lobe

Question 292

which of the following somatic sensations has an encapsulated nerve ending as its sensory receptor? - tickle - pain - heat or cold - pressure - itch

Answer 292

pressure

Question 293

Which is a function of the abducens (VI) nerve? - conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp - turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle - causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil - causes movement of eyeball

Answer 293

causes movement of the eyeball

Question 294

Which is the correct order of structures and fluids that light must pass through to reach the photoreceptor cells. - conjuctiva, cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, vitreous humor, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptor cells - cornea, conjuctiva, aqueous humor, pupil, vitreous humor, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptor cells - conjuctiva, cornea, vitreous humor, pupil, aqueous humor, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptor cells - conjuctiva, cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, vitreous humor, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, photoreceptor cells - conjuctiva, cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, vitreous humor, ganglion cells, photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells

Answer 294

conjuctiva, cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, vitreous humor, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptor cells

Question 295

this portion of the fibrous tunic is clear and transparent and continuous with the sclera - choroid coat - ciliary body - sclera - cornea - conjunctiva

Answer 295

cornea

Question 296

a nerve is a single cell in the nervous system that transmits an impulse. t/f

Answer 296

false

Question 297

the output of the ANS does not control - exocrine glands - skeletal muscle - cardiac muscle - smooth muscle - endocrine glands

Answer 297

skeletal muscle

Question 298

which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for the movement of your tongue while chewing, swallowing, and speech? - accessory - trigeminal - abducens - trochlear - hypoglossal - glossopharyngeal

Answer 298

hypoglossal

Question 299

when the ciliary muscles relax the lens thickens causing a close focus. t/f

Answer 299

false

Question 300

sensory neurons carry impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the periphery. t/f

Answer 300

false

Question 301

there are two destinations in the brain for proprioceptive information: the _ and the _

Answer 301

cerebellum, cerebrum

Question 302

changes in neurons that allow for learning and for changes in behavior are known as - plasticty - long term potentiation - NREM - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 302

plasticity

Question 303

taste receptors are found though out the mouth, but are concentrated on the tongue. t/f

Answer 303

true

Question 304

the transverse fissure separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum. t/f

Answer 304

true

Question 305

the sympathetic division is associated with excitement or embarrassment. t/f

Answer 305

true

Question 306

in dim light, the _ muscles of the iris dilates, causing an increase in the size of the pupil

Answer 306

radial

Question 307

Hypothalamic axons extend to the pituitary gland and secrete hormones. Therefore, it is considered to be a part of both the nervous and endocrine systems. t/f

Answer 307

true

Question 308

different somatic sensations are detected by different types of receptors. t/f

Answer 308

true

Question 309

in what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary auditory area? - occipital lobe - temporal lobe - parietal lobe - frontal lobe

Answer 309

temporal lobe

Question 310

lacrimal fluid (tears) contains water, mucus, salts, and a protective antibacterial enzymes called _

Answer 310

lysozymes

Question 311

the _ is a nearly transparent sheet of tissue containing the photoreceptors in the back of the eye.

Answer 311

retina

Question 312

Which of the following are example(s) of chemoreceptors ____ - rods and cones. - olfactory receptors. - gustatory receptors. - rods, cones, and gustatory receptors. - both olfactory and gustatory receptors. - all of the above

Answer 312

both olfactory and gustatory receptors

Question 313

in what part of the brain would you find the cardiovascular center? - thalamus - medulla oblongata - hypothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 313

medula oblongata

Question 314

sensation differs from perception in that perception involves activity of the cerebral cortex. t/f

Answer 314

true

Question 315

Which structure conducts nerve impulses between the different hemispheres of the cerebrum? - Association tracts - Corpus callosum - Projection tracts - Pyramids - Sulci

Answer 315

corpus callosum

Question 316

white matter arranged in a treelike pattern in the cerebellum is called _

Answer 316

arbor vitae

Question 317

in what part of the brain would you find the corpus striatum? - midbrain - medulla oblongata - hypothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 317

cerebrum

Question 318

Place the following in the correct order for the transmission of olfactory information that results in odor perception. 1) olfactory bulbs, 2) olfactory tract, 3) temporal cortex, 4) olfactory nerves, and 5) frontal cortex - 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 - 4, 2, 1, 3, 5 - 2, 1, 4, 3, 5 - 2, 4, 1, 3, 5 - 4, 1, 2, 5, 3

Answer 318

4, 1, 2, 3, 5

Question 319

which of the following glands is directly controlled by hormones produced by the hypothalamus? - kidney - pituitary - thymus - pancreas - pineal

Answer 319

Pituitary

Question 320

The vital centers regulating heart rate, vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and respiratory rate are located in the ____ - occipital lobe. - frontal lobe. - diencephalon. - temporal lobe. - brain stem. - parietal lobe.

Answer 320

brain stem

Question 321

which somatic sensory receptor is rapidly adapting and responsible for fine touch? - merkel disc - pacinian corpuscle - nociceptors - meissner corpuscle - ruffini corpuscle

Answer 321

messier corpuscle

Question 322

this conducts impulses from the brain stem and spinal cord to the thalams - first order neuron - second order neuron - third order neuron - both a and b - none of the above

Answer 322

second order neuron

Question 323

Which area is responsible for the head and eye movement in response to visual stimuli? - substantia nigra - inferior colliculus - superior colliculus - thalamus - A and B are correct

Answer 323

superior colliculus

Question 324

_ is the cranial nerve, a motor nerve, associated with the movement of the eyeball, iris and lens

Answer 324

oculomotor III

Question 325

Which of the following are paired correctly? - chemoreceptors stimulated by changes in concentration of chemical substances - pain receptors stimulated by damage to tissues - thermoreceptors stimulated by temperature changes - all of the above

Answer 325

all of the above

Question 326

Olfactory receptors - are second-order, multipolar neurons. - are also called basal cells. - use olfactory hairs to transduce chemical signals from odorants. - A and B are correct. - A, B, and C are correct.

Answer 326

use olfactory hairs to transduce chemical signals from odorants

Question 327

proprioception means awareness of? - visual acuity - crude perception of temperature - color vision - position - blood gasses

Answer 327

position

Question 328

Which of the following continuously receives sensory information from the utricle and saccule, monitors the information, and subsequently sends impulses to the motor cortex of the cerebrum? - cerebellum - medulla oblongata - hypothalamus - pons - thalamus

Answer 328

cerebellum

Question 329

A network of neurons that extends from the upper part of the spinal cord, throughout the brain stem, and into the lower part of the diencephalon - is the reticular formation - plays a role in regulating muscle tone - helps to maintain consciousness - B and C are correct - A, B, and C are correct

Answer 329

a b and c

Question 330

cochlear hair cells are found in the _ in the inner ear

Answer 330

organ of Corti

Question 331

_ are proprioceptors which are innervated by gamma motor neurons

Answer 331

muscle spindle

Question 332

small opening in the roof of the third ventricle allow passage of CSF into the subarachnoid space. t/f

Answer 332

false

Question 333

The vestibule lies between the ____ and the semicircular canals. - basilar membrane - tympanic membrane - cochlea - organ of corti - none of the above

Answer 333

cochlea

Question 334

the _ is the region of sharpest vision within the retina

Answer 334

fovea centralis

Question 335

The cranial nerves containing neurons of the gustatory pathway are: 1) facial (VII), 2) vagus (X), 3) glossopharyngeal (IX), 4) trigeminal (V), and 5) abducens (VI) - 1, 3, 5 - 2, 3, 5 - 1, 2, 3 - 1, 4, 5 - 1, 2, 3, 5

Answer 335

1, 2, 3

Question 336

In what order do the following structures vibrate as sound is transmitted? 1) stapes, 2) tympanic membrane, 3) oval window, 4) incus, and 5) malleus - 5, 1, 4, 2, 3 - 3, 4, 5, 1, 2 - 2, 1, 5, 4, 3 - 2, 5, 4, 1, 3 - 2, 4, 5, 1, 3

Answer 336

2, 5, 4, 1, 3

Question 337

If a person has damage to the visual association area, they will - not be able to see - see, but be unable to understand what they is viewing - not be able to remember visual experiences from the past, like the color of their first car - B and C are correct - A and C are correct

Answer 337

see, but be unable to understand what they is viewing

Question 338

most brain tumors are formed from neurons. t/f

Answer 338

false

Question 339

this is the transparent coat that covers the iris - retina - choroid - tunic - ciliary body - cornea

Answer 339

cornea

Question 340

Temperature receptors do not adapt. t/f

Answer 340

false

Question 341

in the retina, cones are more numerous than rods. t/f

Answer 341

false

Question 342

Which is a function of the vagus (X) nerve? - conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue - conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles - conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles - controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing

Answer 342

conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac and skeletal muscles

Question 343

the primary information carried by the spinocerebellar tract is pain and temperature. t/f

Answer 343

false

Question 344

which of the below structures senses dynamic equilibrium? - cochlea - semicircular canals - maccule of vestibule - organ of corti - vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 344

semicircular canals

Question 345

a lesion to the _ side of the midbrain would eliminate motor function to the entire left side of the body - right - left

Answer 345

right

Question 346

Which is a function of the facial (VII) nerve? - conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp - turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle - conveys impulses from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue - conveys impulses associated with hearing and equilibrium

Answer 346

conveys impulse from the taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue

Question 347

the primary neurological function of all three pairs of cerebellar peduncles is to relay information between the cerebellum and the skeletal muscles. t/f

Answer 347

false

Question 348

the types of cells that make a taste bud are _ cells

Answer 348

epithelial

Question 349

high CSF pressure can result in a condition known as - arachnoid granulation - rhombencephalon - hydrocephalus - a and b are correct

Answer 349

hydrocephalus

Question 350

Circumventricular organs of the hypothalamus, pineal gland, and pituitary gland lack a blood-brain barrier and are thought to be the sites of entry of HIV into the brain. t/f

Answer 350

true

Question 351

as they extend from the retina to the brain, _ nerve fibers _ - all, crossover - all ,fail to crossover - the medial, of each retina crossover - the lateral, of each retina crossover

Answer 351

the medial, of each retina crossover

Question 352

two nuclei in the posterior hypothalamus that serve as relay stations for reflexes related to the sense of smell are the _

Answer 352

mammillary bodies

Question 353

As they extend from the ____ to the brain, ____ nerve fibers of each retina crossover. - retina, all - retina, the medial - retina, the lateral - cornea, all - cornea, the medial - cornea, the lateral

Answer 353

retina, the medial

Question 354

Inability to control eyeball movement may indicate damage to which cranial nerve(s)? 1) trochlear IV, 2) optic II, 3) oculomotor III, 4) trigeminal V, and 5) abducens VI - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - 2, 3, 4, 5 - 1, 2, 4 - 1, 3, 5

Answer 354

1, 3, 5

Question 355

the hypothalamus is the major control and integration center of the autonomic nervous system. t/f

Answer 355

true

Question 356

which of the following is part of the inner tunic of the eye? - ciliary body - retina - choroid coat - sclera

Answer 356

retina

Question 357

Which is the correct order of events of sound transmission through the ear? 1) sound waves strike the tympanic membrane, 2) the ear ossicles vibrate, 3) cochlear hair cells of the organ of Corti vibrate, 4) the perilymph in the cochlea moves, and 5) sound waves enter the external auditory canal - 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - 5, 1, 2, 4, 3 - 5, 2, 1, 3, 4

Answer 357

5, 1, 2, 4, 3

Question 358

The thalamus - relays sensory information to correct regions of the cerebral hemispheres - relays motor information from the cerebellum and basal ganglia to the cerebrum - plays a role in consciousness - A and B are correct - A, B, and C are correct

Answer 358

a b and c are correct

Question 359

visceral senses and somatic senses are grouped together in the class called general senses. t/f

Answer 359

true

Question 360

this portion of the fibrous tunic is clear and transparent and continuous with the sclera. - choroid coat - ciliary body - sclera - cornea - conjunctiva

Answer 360

cornea

Question 361

These are networks of capillaries in the walls of the ventricles. - Choroid plexuses - Lateral apertures - Interventricular foramina - Median aperture - Aqueduct of the midbrain

Answer 361

choroid plexus

Question 362

the output component of the ANS has two divisions: _ and _

Answer 362

sympathetic, parasympathetic

Question 363

Which nerves move the eyeball? - cranial nerves II, III, and IV - cranial nerve I, V, and X - cranial nerve III, IX, and V - cranial nerve III, IV, and VI - cranial nerve X, XII, and XII

Answer 363

cranial nerve III, IV, and VI

Question 364

this conducts impulses from the somatic receptors into the brain stem or spinal cord - forst order neuron - second order neuron - third order neuron - both a and b - none of the above

Answer 364

first order neuron

Question 365

which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for speech - broca's area - primary gustatory area - common integrative area - prefrontal cortex area - primary somatosensory area

Answer 365

broca's area

Question 366

in bright light, the _ muscles of the iris contract, causing a decrease in the size of the pupil

Answer 366

circular

Question 367

this consists of the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus - cerebellum - brain stem - cerebrum - diensephalon - dura mater

Answer 367

diencephalon

Question 368

the septum pellucidum is the lining of the third ventricle. t/f

Answer 368

false

Question 369

during this, the frequency of nerve impulses in the first order neuron decreases during prolonged stimulus - fatigue - adaption - perception - modality - transduction

Answer 369

adaption

Question 370

which of the following is a way that cerebral spinal fluid contributes to homeostasis? - mechanical protection - chemical protection - circulation - both a and b - all of the above

Answer 370

all of the above

Question 371

capillaries are unnecessary in nervous tissue of the CNS due to the existence of cerebrospinal fluid, which fulfills the functions of blood. t/f

Answer 371

false

Question 372

the area of the brain called the _ consists of connected masses of gray matter and is involved in short-term memory formation and emotions

Answer 372

limbic system

Question 373

in bright light, impulses from sympathetic neurons cause a constriction of the pupil due to contraction of the radial muscle fibers of the iris. t/f

Answer 373

false

Question 374

This structure is responsible for somatic (startle) reflexes in response to loud sounds. - Spinal cord - Midbrain - Pons - Thalamus - Cerebellum

Answer 374

midbrain

Question 375

serotonin stimulates other neurons to release endorphins. t/f

Answer 375

false

Question 376

The Golgi tendon organ is stimulated more when ____ - muscles are metabolically active. - muscle tension increases. - muscle tension decreases. - muscle tension stays the same.

Answer 376

muscle tendon increases

Question 377

which statement is false in reference to the cranial meninges? - have the same basic structure as the spinal meninges - have three layers of the dura mater - are continuous with the spinal meninges - are names the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and the pia mater

Answer 377

have three layers of the dura mater

Question 378

olfactory epithelium consists of _, supporting cells and basal cells

Answer 378

olfactory receptors

Question 379

which is not considered a major part of the brain? - brain stem - cerebellum - cauda equina - diencephalon - cerebrum

Answer 379

cauda equina

Question 380

which of the following is a sensation that is not carried by the spinothalamic pathways? - pain - itch - tickle - proprioception

Answer 380

proprioception

Question 381

which of the following types of cells is the first to Receive a light ray as it travels through the retina? - bipolar cell - ganglion cell - pigmented epithelium - photoreceptor cell - rods

Answer 381

ganglion cell

Question 382

The limbic system - plays a major role in emotions, such as fear, pleasure and rage - detects body temperature changes and initiates responses to maintain homeostasis - controls hunger and food seeking behavior - A and C are correct - A, B, and C are correct

Answer 382

plays a major role in emotions, such as fear, pleasure and rage

Question 383

Which of the following is/are innervated only by the sympathetic division? 1) arrector pili muscles, 2) blood vessels in the kidney, 3) sweat glands, 4) adipose tissue, 5) skeletal muscle arterioles, 6) brain arterioles, and 7) adrenal medulla - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 - 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 - 1, 3, 4, 7 - 2, 4, 5, 6

Answer 383

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Question 384

Which is a function of the trochlear (IV) nerve? - conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp - conveys nerve impulses related to vision - causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil - causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle

Answer 384

causes movement of the eyeball via superior oblique muscle

Question 385

Which is a function of the trigeminal (V) nerve? - conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp - turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle - causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil - causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle

Answer 385

conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp

Question 386

both visceral and somatic afferent neurons have cell bodies located in the: - lateral horn - dorsal root ganglion - ventral horn - dorsal column

Answer 386

dorsal root ganglion

Question 387

_ is the cranial nerve that is a sensory nerve for equilibrium and hearing

Answer 387

vestibulocochlear VIII

Question 388

The basal ganglia - consist of the substantia nigra and putamen - helps to start and stop movement - does not function properly in Parkinson disease - B and C are correct - All are correct

Answer 388

B and C are correct

Question 389

how many extrinsic eye muscles are responsible for moving the eye? - 10 - 12 - 6 - 4 - 20

Answer 389

6

Question 390

perception is the conscious or subconscious awareness of changes in the internal or external environment. t/f

Answer 390

false

Question 391

which part of the brain is associated with ten of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves? - medulla oblongata - pons - midbrain - brain stem - none of the above is correct

Answer 391

brain stem

Question 392

which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for sensing body touch and temperature - brocas area - primary visual area - common integrative area - prefrontal cortex area - primary somatosensory area

Answer 392

primary somatosensory area

Question 393

The reticular activating system (RAS) is a part of the reticular formation. The primary function of the descending fibers of the RAS is to maintain muscle tone. t/f

Answer 393

true

Question 394

Your cones provide you ____ , while your rods provide you ____ - sharp color vision, outlines in black and white vision. - outlines in color vision, sharp black and white vision. - sharp black and white vision, outlines in color vision. - outlines in black and white vision, sharp color vision.

Answer 394

sharp color vision, outlines in black and white vision

Question 395

during periods of rest and recovery, the sympathetic activity to glands and smooth muscles predominates over parasympathetic activity. t/f

Answer 395

false

Question 396

Functions of the cerebellum include - smooth and coordinate skilled muscle activity - detect problems in carrying out voluntary muscle activity and correct them - regulation of balance and posture - A and B are correct - A, B, and C are correct

Answer 396

a b and c

Question 397

_ is the part of the peripheral nervous system that functions by itself unconsciously

Answer 397

autonomic nervous system

Question 398

in what part of the brain would you find the medial and lateral geniculate nuclei? - thalamus - medulla oblongata - hypothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 398

thalamus

Question 399

binocular vision - gives depth perception - provides accurate color vision - is only seen in humans - can be created with only one eye - all of the above

Answer 399

gives depth perception

Question 400

in what part of the brain would you find the puberal region? - midbrain - medulla oblongata - hypothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 400

hypothalamus

Question 401

which of the following develop as specialized muscle fibers? - golgi tendon organs - hair cells of the inner ear - muscle spindles - joint kinesthetic receptors

Answer 401

muscle spindels

Question 402

visceral pain occurs when nociceptors in internal organs, skeletal muscles, tendons or joints are stimulated. t/f

Answer 402

false

Question 403

_ equilibrium is controlled by an equilibrium organ called the crest ampularis and detects sudden movement and aids in maintaining balance.

Answer 403

dynamic

Question 404

the oculomotor nerve is a mixed nerve with both motor and sensory functions. t/f

Answer 404

false

Question 405

control centers for coughing, sneezing, vomiting, and swallowing are located in the medulla oblongata. t/f

Answer 405

true

Question 406

The disorder called glaucoma is usually caused by ____ - clouding of the lens. - clouding of the lens capsule. - excessive accumulation of vitreous humor. - excessive accumulation of aqueous humor

Answer 406

excessive accumulation of aqueous humor

Question 407

Which of the following statements about the ventricles of the brain is FALSE? - A membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the anterior portions of the two lateral ventricles. - The third ventricle is between the left and right halves of the thalamus. - The lateral ventricles connect to the third ventricle via the lateral apertures. - The walls of all of the ventricles contain choroid plexuses that produce cerebrospinal fluid.

Answer 407

the lateral ventricles connect to the third ventricle via the lateral apertures

Question 408

which cranial nerve is responsible for regulating visceral activity? - oculomotor - trigeminal - spinal accessory - facial - vagus

Answer 408

vagus

Question 409

This consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. - Brain stem - Cerebrum - Cerebellum - Diencephalon - Dura mater

Answer 409

brain stem

Question 410

where is the pineal gland found? - thalamus - cerebellum - hypothalamus - cerebral cortex - epithalamus

Answer 410

epithalamus

Question 411

the fingertips, hands and lips are supplied with both rapidly adapting and slowly adapting touch receptors. t/f

Answer 411

true

Question 412

Which of the following describes the individual layers of the wall of the eyeball, from the outermost layer to the innermost layer: - vascular tunic, fibrous tunic, sensory tunic - fibrous tunic, sensory tunic, vascular tunic - sensory tunic, vascular tunic, fibrous tunic - fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, sensory tunic - sensory tunic, fibrous tunic, vascular tunic - vascular tunic, sensory tunic, fibrous tunic

Answer 412

fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, sensory tunic

Question 413

which structure transducer mechanical vibrations into electoral signals? - hair cells - supporting cells - tympanic membrane - oval window - auricle

Answer 413

hair cells

Question 414

cholinergic neurons are names after the neurotransmitters that they release, the catecholamines. t/f

Answer 414

false

Question 415

this is a narrow cavity along the midline superior to the hypothalamus and between the right and left halves of the thalamus - lateral ventricle - septul pellucidum - third ventricle - fourth ventricle - fifth ventricle

Answer 415

third ventricle

Question 416

which of the following is primarily responsible for sensation of hearing? - organ or corti - ampulla - saccule - utrilce - cemi circular canals

Answer 416

organ of corti

Question 417

which nuclei are found in the pons? - potine nuclei - apneustic area - pneumotaxic area - all of the above - none of the above

Answer 417

all of the above

Question 418

which is not a special sense that uses hair cells to detect the sensation - olfaction - vision - gustation - hearing - equilibrium

Answer 418

vision

Question 419

nicotinic receptors and muscarinic receptors both interact with acetylcholine. t/f

Answer 419

true

Question 420

the dorsal root ganglion contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons. t/f

Answer 420

true

Question 421

Which is a function of the olfactory (I) nerve? - conveys nerve impulses related to smell - conveys nerve impulses related to vision - causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil - causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle

Answer 421

conveys nerve impulses related to smell

Question 422

a person is only truly in a coma when all reflex activitiy ceases. t/f

Answer 422

false

Question 423

the receptors for pain, temperature, itch and a tickle are all free nerve endings. t/f

Answer 423

true

Question 424

olfactory receptor cells are unipolar neurons. t/f

Answer 424

false

Question 425

which of the following does not consist primarily of slowly adapting sensory receptors - body position - touch - pressure - smell

Answer 425

body position

Question 426

Which fiber tracts carry impulses for voluntary muscle activity from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum? - superior cerebellar peduncles - middle cerebellar peduncles - inferior cerebellar peduncles - cerebral peduncle

Answer 426

middle cerebellar peduncles

Question 427

the general senses require separate cells found in an organ specialized for detection of that sensation. t/f

Answer 427

false

Question 428

which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for conscious movements of the body - brocas area - primary visual area - somatoensory association area - primary frontal area - primary somatosensory area

Answer 428

primary frontal area

Question 429

Which of the following is not a function of the cerebellum? - monitors actual movement - provides movement corrections - monitors intentions for movement - initiates movement - receives input from the vestibular apparatus in the inner ear

Answer 429

initiates movement

Question 430

infection of a sebaceous ciliary gland can result in: - blood shot eyes - inhibition of crying - sty - tumor - blindness

Answer 430

sty

Question 431

long term memory is stored in a particular region of the hippocampus. t/f

Answer 431

false

Question 432

The lacrimal gland ____ - is responsible for tear secretion. - makes lysozymes. - is found medially above the eye. - is responsible for tear secretion and makes lysozymes. - is responsible for tear secretion and is found medially above the eye. - all of the above

Answer 432

is responsible for tear secretion and makes lysozymes

Question 433

pigmented nuclei in the midbrain called substantial nigra control subconscious muscle activities. t/f

Answer 433

true

Question 434

is a person is unable to show signs of consciousness or is in a coma it is likely that the _ has been injured - basal ganglia - brocas area - superior colliculi - reticulat formation - wernickes area

Answer 434

reticular formation

Question 435

_ is the receptor organ associated with the cochlear hair cells of the inner ear

Answer 435

organ of Corti

Question 436

_ is the illness that causes memory loss, depression, disorientation, dementia, hallucinations and finally death

Answer 436

Alzheimers disease

Question 437

the main function of muscle spindles are - to determine tension of the tendon - to pick up referred pain - to receive cutaneous sensations - to measure muscle length - to pick up muscle fatigue

Answer 437

to measure muscle length

Question 438

cerebrospinal fluid contains all of the following except: - erythrocytes - lymphocytes - water - electrocytes

Answer 438

erythrocytes

Question 439

Which is a function of the optic (II) nerve? - conveys nerve impulses related to smell - conveys nerve impulses related to vision - causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil - causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle

Answer 439

conveys nerve impulses related to vision

Question 440

receptors that detect blood pressure are - exteroceptors - proprioceptors - mechanoreceptors - a and b are correct - a b and c are correct

Answer 440

mechanoreceptors

Question 441

the utricle and saccule contain the sensory receptors assiociated with the sense of dynamic equilibrium. t/f

Answer 441

false

Question 442

release of acetylcholine will - stimulate the heart - dilate bronchioles - increase digestion - a and b are correct - a b and a are correct

Answer 442

a b and c are correct

Question 443

Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence? - receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effector - effector, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron - effector, sensory neuron, receptor, interneuron, motor neuron - receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

Answer 443

receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

Question 444

the autonomic nervous system operates by reflex arcs. t/f

Answer 444

true

Question 445

cones - outnumber rods - function only at low light levels - allow color vision - are concentrated at the periphery of the retina - are most critical for night vision

Answer 445

allow for color vision

Question 446

the basal ganglia - suppress unwanted movement - regulate muscle tone - initiate and terminate movements - both a and b - all of the above

Answer 446

all of the above

Question 447

the _ connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx

Answer 447

Eustachian tube

Question 448

Which is a function of the oculomotor (III) nerve? - conveys nerve impulses related to smell - conveys nerve impulses related to vision - causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil - causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle

Answer 448

causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, construction of pupil

Question 449

the space between the cornea and iris filled with vitreous humor is called the _

Answer 449

anterior chamber

Question 450

te receptors for pain: - are free nerve ending called nociceptors - may be stimulated by chemicals released by injured tissues - respond to ant type of stimulus of it is of sufficient intensity - all of the above

Answer 450

all of the above

Question 451

transduction of a somatic sensory stimulus involves generation of an action potential. t/f

Answer 451

false

Question 452

In what part of the brain would you find the hippocampus? - thalamus - limbic system - hypothalamus - cerebrum

Answer 452

limbic system

Question 453

the optic nerve is a mixed nerve with both motor and sensory functions. t/f

Answer 453

false

Question 454

Which is a function of the hypoglossal (XII) nerve? - conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue - conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles - conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles - controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing

Answer 454

controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing