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Section 1.1 Study Guide Flashcards

Plate Techtonics (24 cards)

1
Q

What is a Geologist?

A

A scientist that studies the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it

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2
Q

What is Direct Evidence?

A

Evidence we get from rock samples

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3
Q

What is Indirect Evidence?

A

Evidence that we know something is there, but we do not have evidence that you can see

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4
Q

What is Seismic Waves?

A

Energy/vibrations released from earthquakes

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5
Q

What is the Crust?

A
  • The layer of solid rock that includes the Earth as we know it
  • Very thin (5-7 Kilometers)
  • Dry land on it is mostly granite and the ocean floor is mostly basalt rock
  • Is cool, has low pressure, and is solid rock
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6
Q

What is the continental crust?

A

The Crust that formed the continents and is made of rocks such as granite

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7
Q

What is the oceanic crust?

A

The crust beyond the ocean that consists of mainly a rock called Basalt

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8
Q

What is the Mantle?

A
  • Hot, but still solid rock
  • Has high pressure
  • 3 layers: The lithosphere, the asthenosphere, and the lower mantle
  • Is 3,000 kilometers thick
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9
Q

How does the temperature change as you get closer to the center of the Earth?

A

As you get closer, the temperature increases slowly, but steadily

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10
Q

Does the Pressure increase or decrease as you get closer to the center of the Earth and why?

A

It increases, because of the weight of the rock above

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11
Q

What is the Lithosphere

A
  • Consists of the Crust and The uppermost part of the mantle
  • Means Strong/Stone/Hard
  • About 100 kilometers thick
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12
Q

What is the Asthenosphere?

A
  • About 250 kilometers thick
  • Soft and but still solid
  • Means Weak
  • below the Lithosphere
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13
Q

What is the Outer Core?

A

A layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core and has high pressure, but is liquid

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14
Q

What is the magnetic field?

A
  • it surrounds the planet
  • Scientists believe the movement in the liquid outer core creates it
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15
Q

Why is it difficult to determine Earths inner structure?

A

Because of the extreme conditions in Earths interior prevents exploration far below the surface

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16
Q

How are seismic waves used to provide evidence about Earth’s interior

A

When Earthquakes occur, they produce seismic waves and geologist record them and study how they travel through Earth

17
Q

What are Earth’s tree main layers?

A

The crust, the mantle, and the core

18
Q

What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere?

A

The Lithosphere is hard and rigid while the Asthensophere is less rigid and somewhat soft. The Lithosphere is the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust and the asthenosphere is under the lithosphere

19
Q

is the crust solid, liquid, or solid but able to flow slowly?

20
Q

is the lithosphere solid, solid but able to flow slowly, or liquid?

21
Q

is the asthenosphere solid, solid but able to flow slowly, or liquid

A

Solid but able to flow slowly

22
Q

is the lower mantle solid, liquid, or solid but able to flow slowly?

23
Q

is the outer core solid, liquid, or solid but able to flow slowly

24
Q

is the inner core solid, solid but able to flow slowly, or liquid?