Section 1.1 Study Guide Flashcards
Plate Techtonics (24 cards)
What is a Geologist?
A scientist that studies the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it
What is Direct Evidence?
Evidence we get from rock samples
What is Indirect Evidence?
Evidence that we know something is there, but we do not have evidence that you can see
What is Seismic Waves?
Energy/vibrations released from earthquakes
What is the Crust?
- The layer of solid rock that includes the Earth as we know it
- Very thin (5-7 Kilometers)
- Dry land on it is mostly granite and the ocean floor is mostly basalt rock
- Is cool, has low pressure, and is solid rock
What is the continental crust?
The Crust that formed the continents and is made of rocks such as granite
What is the oceanic crust?
The crust beyond the ocean that consists of mainly a rock called Basalt
What is the Mantle?
- Hot, but still solid rock
- Has high pressure
- 3 layers: The lithosphere, the asthenosphere, and the lower mantle
- Is 3,000 kilometers thick
How does the temperature change as you get closer to the center of the Earth?
As you get closer, the temperature increases slowly, but steadily
Does the Pressure increase or decrease as you get closer to the center of the Earth and why?
It increases, because of the weight of the rock above
What is the Lithosphere
- Consists of the Crust and The uppermost part of the mantle
- Means Strong/Stone/Hard
- About 100 kilometers thick
What is the Asthenosphere?
- About 250 kilometers thick
- Soft and but still solid
- Means Weak
- below the Lithosphere
What is the Outer Core?
A layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core and has high pressure, but is liquid
What is the magnetic field?
- it surrounds the planet
- Scientists believe the movement in the liquid outer core creates it
Why is it difficult to determine Earths inner structure?
Because of the extreme conditions in Earths interior prevents exploration far below the surface
How are seismic waves used to provide evidence about Earth’s interior
When Earthquakes occur, they produce seismic waves and geologist record them and study how they travel through Earth
What are Earth’s tree main layers?
The crust, the mantle, and the core
What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere?
The Lithosphere is hard and rigid while the Asthensophere is less rigid and somewhat soft. The Lithosphere is the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust and the asthenosphere is under the lithosphere
is the crust solid, liquid, or solid but able to flow slowly?
Solid
is the lithosphere solid, solid but able to flow slowly, or liquid?
solid
is the asthenosphere solid, solid but able to flow slowly, or liquid
Solid but able to flow slowly
is the lower mantle solid, liquid, or solid but able to flow slowly?
solid
is the outer core solid, liquid, or solid but able to flow slowly
liquid
is the inner core solid, solid but able to flow slowly, or liquid?
Solid?