Section 2: Chapter 4

Question 1

Third Space

Answer 1

A communal space, separate from home or work, where the client experiences their own sense of identity and relationship to others.

Question 2

Self-efficacy

Answer 2

One’s belief that they can complete a task, goal, or performance; also known as self-confidence. the strongest determinant of physical activity in adults.

Question 3

Behavior change techniques (BCTs)

Answer 3

Client interventions that are used to change some determinant of behavior.

Question 4

Improved Self-Efficacy Behavior Change Techniques

Answer 4

Set specific tasks, provide instructions, practice for mastery, communicate positively

Question 5

Determinants of behavior

Answer 5

Refers to the psychological, social, or environmental factors that influence behavior. Essentially, determinants of behavior represent the generic modifiable variables that cause a behavior.

Question 6

Positive Outcome Expectations and Attitudes Behavior Change Techniques

Answer 6

Supply information, prompt anticipated regret, apply motivational interviewing

Question 7

Manage Social Influence Behavior Change Techniques

Answer 7

Encourage Social Support, Foster Discipline

Question 8

Promote Self Regulation Behavior Change Techniques

Answer 8

Make a plan, identify coping responses, set SMART goals, promote self monitoring

Question 9

Desired Outcomes for Behavior Change Techniques

Answer 9

Improved self-efficacy, positive outcome expectations and attitudes, manage social influence, promote self-regulation

Question 10

Participating in exercise has several determinants of behavior including…

Answer 10

motivation, self-efficacy, self-regulation, exercise history, body weight, stress, social support, access, time constraints, and characteristics of the exercise behavior.

Question 11

Intention

Answer 11

a construc thtat captures motivational factors that influence behavior. it indicates how hard people are willing to try and how much effor tthey are plannign to exert.

Question 12

Self-Determination Theory

Answer 12

A broad theoretical framework for the study of human motivation. self-determination theory variables, including autonomous motivationa nd perceived competence, have also been found to be related to exercise behavior.

Question 13

Autonomous Motivation

Answer 13

when motive for exercise relate to valuing the outcome, when exercise is consistent with the cilent’s identity, or when teh client enjoys exercise.

Question 14

Perceived behavioral control

Answer 14

an evaluation of whether one has the means, resouces, and opportunities to perform a behavior.

Question 15

Affective Judgment

Answer 15

Referring to expected pleasure or enjoyment.

Question 16

Subjective Norms

Answer 16

Belief that an important person or group of people will approve and support a behavior.

Question 17

Stages of Change Model

Answer 17

also know as the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change. view change as a process that involves progression through a series of stages. These stages are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenace.

Question 18

Precontemplation Stage

Answer 18

The first stage in the transtheoretical model of behavior change. client does not exercise and is not planning to start exercising within 6 months.

Question 19

Contemplation Stage

Answer 19

The second stage in the transtheoretical Model fo Behavior Change. When a person is thinking about implementing change but has not yet taken any steps to get started; an individual may take action within the next 6 months.

Question 20

Preparation Stage

Answer 20

The third stage of the transtheoretical model of behavior change. The client intends to act in the near future, usually within the next month. they have taken steps towards exercising and may even be sporadically exercising.

Question 21

Action Stage

Answer 21

The fourth stage of the transtheoretical model of behavior change. The client has made speicific modifications in their exercise routine wtihin the last 6 months.

Question 22

Maintenance Stage

Answer 22

The fifth stage in the transtheoretical model of behavior change. the client has been exercising for more than 6 months and is working to prevent relapse.

Question 23

Decisional Balance

Answer 23

refers to the process of weighing the positive and negative outcomes of engaging in or increasing exercise behavior. As benefits increase and negatives decrease, people move toward the maintenance end of the stages of change continuum.

Question 24

Reflective Listening

Answer 24

the process of seeking to understand the meaning of the speaker’s words and restating the idea back to the speaker to confirm that they were understood correctly.

Question 25

Active Listening

Answer 25

Having and Attitude of genuine interest in seeking a client's perspective and understanding it on a deeper level. Active listening require an individual to pay attention, suspend any internal dialogue, avoid distractions, look the speaker in the eye and provide feedback at appropriate times.

Question 26

Closed-ended Questions

Answer 26

directive questions that can be answered with one word, typically a yes or no.

Question 27

Open-Ended Questions

Answer 27

require clients to think critically and ot form a more complex answer.

Question 28

Reflecting

Answer 28

Reflections are conversational techniques that express the supposed meaning of what was just heard. Clients feel heard and understood when the CPT takes the time to reflect and reword or paraphrase what was justa said. Reflection statements are one of the best ways to demonstrate empathy with a client.

Question 29

Three Types of Summaries

Answer 29

1. Collecting Summaries: short sentences that continue the client's thoughts and add momentum to the conversation. 2. Linking Summaries: summaries that tie togther information the client has presented, perhaps even from previous sessions. 3. Transitional Summaries: summaries used to wrap up a session or announce a shift if focus.

Question 30

Affirmations

Answer 30

Positive statements about character strengths used to enhance a client's self-efficacy for change.

Question 31

Motivational Interviewing

Answer 31

a method of client-centric coaching that helps enhance the desire to change by resolving a client's feelings of ambivalence. it helps clients discover their own personal reasons for making a change in their life.

Question 32

Self-Discrepancy

Answer 32

An internal conflict that occurs when an individual compare their actual self with their ideal self.

Question 33

Sustain Talk

Answer 33

talk that represents and predicts movement away from change. Opposite of Change Talk.

Question 34

SMART Goals

Answer 34

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely

Question 35

Implementation Intentions

Answer 35

a behavior change technique that connects the exercise routine with a specific event, such as during lunch break.

Question 36

Coping Plans

Answer 36

A behavior change technique that involves anticipating barriers to goal action and proactively preparing strategies that prioritize intentional behavior over counterproductive habituatl responses.

Question 37

Methods To Reduce Negative Self-Talk

Answer 37

Reverse Listing: replacing negative statemetns with positive statements Stopping: the act of saying "stop" out loud to undesired statements.

Question 38

Cognitive Fusion

Answer 38

occurs when people believe the exact content of their own thoughts and can be problematic with negative self-talk.

Question 39

Mental Imagery

Answer 39

Appearance imagery; energy imagery; tecnique imagery.

Question 40

Initial Session Checklist

Answer 40

discuss health concerns, clarify fitness goals, review past exercise experiences, perform a comprehensive fitness assessment.

Question 41

Manufactured Environment

Answer 41

refers to when there are not any natural aspect to the setting