Section 2 - Quiz Questions

Question 1

**Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement **

Increases gastric mucosal cytoprotection

Answer 1

Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement

Increases gastric mucosal cytoprotection

Misoprostil (PGE)

Question 2

Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement

Stable analogs of this substance are useful in promoting myometrial contractions and expelling pus in open-cervix pyometra

Answer 2

Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement

Stable analogs of this substance are useful in promoting myometrial contractions and expelling pus in open-cervix pyometra

_Cloprostenol (PGF2a) _

Question 3

Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement

Decreases intraocular pressure in dogs with glaucoma

Answer 3

Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement

Decreases intraocular pressure in dogs with glaucoma

_Latanoprost (PGF2a) _

Question 4

Aspirin has the lowest potency in:

Answer 4

Aspirin has the lowest potency in:

reducing signs of inflammation

Question 5

Which anti inflammatory drug is inactive until it is biotransformed to an active metabolite?

Answer 5

Which anti inflammatory drug is inactive until it is biotransformed to an active metabolite?

Cortisone

Question 6

Glucocorticoids increase the number of circulating:

Answer 6

Glucocorticoids increase the number of circulating:

Erythrocytes

(GC’s produce pokycythemia, an increase in RBC)

Question 7

Which is a sign of corticosteroid excess (Cushingoid syndrome), occurring after long-term therapy with glucocorticoids in dogs?

Answer 7

Which is a sign of corticosteroid excess (Cushingoid syndrome), occurring after long-term therapy with glucocorticoids in dogs?

Excessive drinking & urination

(PU/PD)

Question 8

Which type of histamine receptor is coupled through G proteins to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP?

Answer 8

Which type of histamine receptor is coupled through G proteins to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP?

H2

Question 9

Which NSAID inhibits leukotriene synthesis?

Answer 9

Which NSAID inhibits leukotriene synthesis?

Tepoxalin

Question 10

The excretion of aspirin can be increased by _______ the urine

Answer 10

The excretion of aspirin can be increased by _______ the urine

Alkalinizing

Question 11

**The fever reducing effect of NSAIDs is due to their ability to: **

Answer 11

**The fever reducing effect of NSAIDs is due to their ability to: **

Increase body heat loss

Question 12

**Cyclosporine increases tear formation in inflamed eyes by: **

Answer 12

**Cyclosporine increases tear formation in inflamed eyes by: **

Decreasing T cell-mediated ocular immune reactions

Question 13

Histamine can be released from mast cells through a receptor-independent mechanism. Some drugs can evoke histamine secretion by this mechniasm because they are strong _________.

Answer 13

Histamine can be released from mast cells through a receptor-independent mechanism. Some drugs can evoke histamine secretion by this mechniasm because they are strong _________.

Bases

Question 14

**Drugs that act as competitive antagonists at H1-histamine receptors can inhibit: **

Answer 14

**Drugs that act as competitive antagonists at H1-histamine receptors can inhibit: **

The dermal “wheal and flare” reaction
(Triple Response of Lewis)

Question 15

**H1-Histamine receptors are more commonly expressed by: **

Answer 15

**H1-Histamine receptors are more commonly expressed by: **

Smooth muscle cells

Question 16

Which species manifests poorest phase 2 metabolism of NSAIDs, wuch as aspirin?

Answer 16

Which species manifests poorest phase 2 metabolism of NSAIDs, wuch as aspirin?

Cat

Question 17

Which NSAID is a more selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2?

Answer 17

**Which NSAID is a more selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2?

Deracoxib**

Question 18

**________ is a side effect of therapy with cortisone and prednisone. **

Answer 18

**________ is a side effect of therapy with cortisone and prednisone. **

Hypokalemia

Question 19

**Characteristic changes in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration include: **

**(3) **

Answer 19

Characteristic changes in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration include:

1. Decreased lymphocyte counts
2. Increased neutrophil count
3. Decreased eosinophil count

Question 20

Is decreased platelet count a aharacteristic change in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration?

Answer 20

Is decreased platelet count a aharacteristic change in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration?

NO

Question 21

**Glucocorticoids and cyclosporin share an ability to: **

Answer 21

**Glucocorticoids and cyclosporin share an ability to: **

Enhance the spread of active infections

Question 22

Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:

Glucocorticoid (ligand) binding site

Answer 22

Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:

Glucocorticoid (ligand) binding site

_Carboxy (COOH) end of receptor _

Question 23

Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:

Receptor dimerization and DNA binding domains

Answer 23

Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:

Receptor dimerization and DNA binding domains

_Middle region of receptor _

Question 24

Which effects can be produced by glucocorticoid treatment?

(2)

Answer 24

Which effects can be produced by glucocorticoid treatment?

1. Hyperglycemia
2. Hypokalemia

Question 25

**Does glucocorticoid treatment cause:** **Hypervitaminosis D?** **Hypercalcemia?**

Answer 25

**Does glucocorticoid treatment cause:** ## Footnote **Hypervitaminosis D? NO** **Hypercalcemia? NO**

Question 26

**Which drug needs to be converted to an active form in the liver in order to be effective in suppressing inflammation?**

Answer 26

**Which drug needs to be converted to an active form in the liver in order to be effective in suppressing inflammation?** Prednisone

Question 27

**Which is the most potent antiinflammatory drug?**

Answer 27

**Which is the most potent antiinflammatory drug?** Dexamethasone

Question 28

**Which is the shortest-acting antiinflammatory drug?**

Answer 28

**Which is the shortest-acting antiinflammatory drug?** Hydrocortisone

Question 29

**Which antiinflammatory produces the most sodium retention?**

Answer 29

**Which antiinflammatory produces the most sodium retention?** Hydrocortisone

Question 30

**Mechanism of Action:** Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)

Answer 30

**Mechanism of Action:** ## Footnote Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) **_Suppresses inflammation by activating cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors _**

Question 31

**Mechanism of Action:** Mifepristone (RU486)

Answer 31

**Mechanism of Action:** ## Footnote Mifepristone (RU486) **_Inhibits antiinflammatory steroid action by preventing the dissocation of heat shock proteins from glucocorticoid receptors _**

Question 32

**Mechanism of Action: ** Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Answer 32

**Mechanism of Action:** ## Footnote Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) **_Inhibits allergic reactions by blocking H1-histamine receptors _**

Question 33

**Mechanism of Action:** Carprofen (Rimadyl)

Answer 33

**Mechanism of Action:** ## Footnote Carprofen (Rimadyl) **_Suppresses inflammation by inhibiting cyclooxegenase activity _**

Question 34

**Aspirin's effect on the clotting time of blood is due to its ability to temporarily increase the influence of _______ on platelet aggregation. **

Answer 34

**Aspirin's effect on the clotting time of blood is due to its ability to temporarily increase the influence of _______ on platelet aggregation. ** Prostacyclin (PGI₂)

Question 35

**If persistently stimulated by an agonist drug, some G protein-coupled receptors (such as a the beta2-adrenergic receptor) will: **

Answer 35

**If persistently stimulated by an agonist drug, some G protein-coupled receptors (such as a the beta2-adrenergic receptor) will: ** B-arrestin

Question 36

**In the dog, glucocorticoids can decrease the numbers of circulating: **

Answer 36

**In the dog, glucocorticoids can decrease the numbers of circulating: ** T Lymphocytes

Question 37

**Identify the NSAID ** Which drug, commonly used to alleviate lameness in horses, inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms in this species?

Answer 37

**Identify the NSAID** ## Footnote Which drug, commonly used to alleviate lameness in horses, inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms in this species? **_Phenylbutazone_**

Question 38

**Identify the NSAID** Which NSAID, given by intravenous injection, is currently approved for use in beef and dairy cattle in the U.S.?

Answer 38

**Identify the NSAID** ## Footnote Which NSAID, given by intravenous injection, is currently approved for use in beef and dairy cattle in the U.S.? **_Flunixin_**

Question 39

**Identify the NSAID** Which drug inhibits both prostanoid AND leukotriene biosynthesis?

Answer 39

**Identify the NSAID** ## Footnote Which drug inhibits both prostanoid AND leukotriene biosynthesis? **_Tepoxalin_**

Question 40

**Identify the NSAID** Which drug irreversibly inhibits cyclooxegenase-1?

Answer 40

**Identify the NSAID** ## Footnote Which drug irreversibly inhibits cyclooxegenase-1? **_Aspirin_**

Question 41

**Which glucocorticoid formulation can be injected intravenously?** Prednisolone Acetate Prednisolone Sodium Succinate Triamcinolone Acetonide

Answer 41

**Which glucocorticoid formulation can be injected intravenously?** ## Footnote Prednisolone Acetate **_Prednisolone Sodium Succinate_** Triamcinolone Acetonide

Question 42

**Cyclosporin and tacrolimus suppress T lymphocyte signaling by: **

Answer 42

**Cyclosporin and tacrolimus suppress T lymphocyte signaling by: ** inhibiting calcineurin activity

Question 43

**Which effect of histamine can be reduced or prevented by treatment with diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?**

Answer 43

**Which effect of histamine can be reduced or prevented by treatment with diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?** Increased capillary permeability

Question 44

**Which type of drug will decrease the EFFICACY of an agonist?**

Answer 44

**Which type of drug will decrease the EFFICACY of an agonist?** Non-competetive Antagonist

Question 45

**The therapeutic index of a drug is defined as: **

Answer 45

**The therapeutic index of a drug is defined as: ** The 50% lethal dose divided by the 50% effective dose

Question 46

**Which class of antiinflammatory drugs induces the expression of the intracellular protein I-kB, which inhibits nuclear translocation of the cytokine transcriptional factor NF-kB?**

Answer 46

**Which class of antiinflammatory drugs induces the expression of the intracellular protein I-kB, which inhibits nuclear translocation of the cytokine transcriptional factor NF-kB?** Glucocorticoids

Question 47

**Which drug is indicated for the IMMEDIATE reduction of the signs associated with allergy-induced anaphylactoid reactions?**

Answer 47

**Which drug is indicated for the IMMEDIATE reduction of the signs associated with allergy-induced anaphylactoid reactions?** Epinephrine