Section 4 Energy Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is the principle of the conservation of energy?
Energy can be stored, transferred, and dissipated. It can never be created or destroyed. Total energy in a closed system has no net change.
What are the four methods of energy transfer?
- Mechanically
- Electrically
- By heating
- By radiation
Define mechanically transferring energy.
Moving an object due to a force acting on it.
Define transferring energy by heating.
Energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler object.
Define transferring energy through radiation.
Energy transferred by light or sound waves.
Describe the energy transfer of a ball rolling up a ramp.
Transferred mechanically from kinetic energy store to gravitational potential energy store.
Describe the energy transfer of a bat hitting a ball.
Transferred mechanically from bat’s kinetic energy store to ball’s kinetic energy store.
Describe the energy transfer of a Bunsen burner heating a beaker.
Transferred thermally from burner’s chemical store to beaker’s thermal store.
What are the three processes of energy transfer through heating?
- Radiation
- Conduction
- Convection
What does thermal conduction involve?
Thermal conduction is the transfer of energy through microscopic vibrations of particles. When one particle vibrates, it transfers kinetic energy to neighboring particles, causing them to vibrate as well. This process continues throughout the material, transferring thermal energy without the particles changing position.
It is not passed mechanically because the transfer of kinetic energy is so microscopic.
What does thermal convection involve?
More energetic particles in a liquid move from hotter region to colder region.
How does the Kelvin scale work?
Degrees C + 273.
