Section 6&7

Question 1

A barrier that separates a cell from its surroundings

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

Molecules in a cell that contain genetic information

Answer 2

DNA

Question 3

Simple cells that do not have a nucleus; this type of cell is found in bacteria

Answer 3

Prokaryotic cells

Question 4

Cells that have a true nucleus and make up all other organisms other than bacteria

Answer 4

Eukaryotic cells

Question 5

Long, hairlike filaments that some single-cel led organisms use to propel them forward

Answer 5

Flagella

Question 6

Short, hairlike projection that some cells use for movement

Answer 6

Cilia

Question 7

Cellulose structure that surrounds plant cells and gives them support and protection

Answer 7

Cell wall

Question 8

A type of carbohydrate that is unique to plants; found in the cell walls of plants and is also called “fiber”

Answer 8

Cellulose

Question 9

A large organelle in most plant cells that is filled mostly with water and helps to give the cell structural support

Answer 9

Vacuole

Question 10

Organelles that are unique to plant cells (and some types of algae); used in photosynthesis

Answer 10

Chloroplasts

Question 11

A process used by plants that convert light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen

Answer 11

Photosynthesis

Question 12

The smallest unit of life

Answer 12

Cell

Question 13

Process that creates different types of specialized cells

Answer 13

Cellular differentiation

Question 14

A group of cells that work together to perform of function

Answer 14

Tissue

Question 15

Different types of tissue that work together to perform a function

Answer 15

Organ

Question 16

Different organs that work together to carry out a function

Answer 16

Organ system

Question 17

The process of keeping the internal conditions in an organism stable

Answer 17

Homeostasis

Question 18

The movement of materials into and out of cells

Answer 18

Cellular transport

Question 19

The membrane that surrounds the contents of a cell and allows only certain things into and out of the cell only

Answer 19

Cell membrane

Question 20

A property of cell membranes that allows certain things to cross but not to others

Answer 20

Selectively permeable

Question 21

The smallest unit of life

Answer 21

Cell

Question 22

The two layers of phospholipid molecules arranged tail to tail that help to make up cell membranes

Answer 22

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 23

Process such as endocytosis and exocytosis that require some of the cells energy

Answer 23

Active transport

Question 24

Process such as osmosis and diffusion that do not require energy

Answer 24

Passive transport

Question 25

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Answer 25

Diffusion

Question 26

A difference in the concentration of ions or other dissolved particles between two regions

Answer 26

Concentration gradient

Question 27

The state of having equal concentrations

Answer 27

Equilibrium

Question 28

The diffusion of molecules across a membrane through special proteins in the membrane

Answer 28

faciliated diffusion

Question 29

Proteins present in the cell membrane that allows different types of substances to pass through the membrane

Answer 29

Transport proteins

Question 30

The movement of water across a membrane

Answer 30

Osmosis

Question 31

Dissolved particles

Answer 31

Solute

Question 32

Having a higher solute concentration outside the cell and causing the cell to shrink

Answer 32

Hypertonic

Question 33

Having a higher solute concentration inside the cell and causing the cell to swell

Answer 33

Hypotonic

Question 34

Having equal solute concentration inside and outside the cell

Answer 34

Isotonic

Question 35

A process that requires energy to move a substance from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

Answer 35

Active transport

Question 36

A protein present in the cell membrane that helps to move materials into and out of the cell

Answer 36

Transport protein

Question 37

Process used by cells to take in a large particles

Answer 37

Endocytosis

Question 38

Process used by cells to release materials out of the cell

Answer 38

Exocytosis