Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

concept of biology > section quiz 1 > Flashcards

section quiz 1 Flashcards

(96 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Step 1 of the Scientific Method

A

Make observations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Step 2 of the Scientific Method

A

Formulate hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Step 3 of the Scientific Method

A

Devise a testable prediction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Step 4 of the Scientific Method

A

Conduct a critical experiment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Step 5 of the Scientific Method

A

Draw conclusions and make revisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Science is…?

A

both a body of knowledge and an intellectual activity encompassing observation, description, experimentation, and explanation of natural phenomena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Placebo Effect?

A

The phenomenon in which people respond favorable to any

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

To be useful in the scientific method, an observation must be….?

A

Measureable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Statistics?

A

A set of analytical and mathematical tools designed to help researchers gain understanding from the data they gather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Everything is made of ______?

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An element is…..?

A

a substance that cannot be broken down chemically into any other substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

An atom is…?

A

a bit of matter that cannot be subdivided any further without losing its essential properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many elements are found in your body?

A

25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the big 4 elements that make up 96% of the body?

A

Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does an atom’s electrons determine?

A

How (and whether) the atom will bond with other atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do atoms become stable?

A

When their outermost shell is filled to capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are ions?

A

Charged atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What bond together to form molecules or compounds?

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are products of bonding?

A

Molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What creates strong bonds?

A

Sharing electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are Ionic Bonds?

A

An attraction between two oppositely charged ions, forming an ionic compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Ionic Bond strength?

A

Strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a Covalent bond?

A

A bond formed when atoms share electrons in order to become more stable, forming a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Covalent bond strength?

A

Strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is a hydrogen bond?
An attraction between the slightly positively charged hydrogen atom of one molecule and the slightly negatively charged atom of another
26
Hydrogen bond strength?
Weak
27
What properties does water have that makes it critical to life?
Cohesion, large heat capacity, low density as a solid, good solvent
28
What makes water cohesive?
Hydrogen bonds
29
What is a theory?
A hypothesis for natural phenomena that is exceptionally well-supported by that data. And has withstood the test of time and is unlikely to be altered by any new evidence
30
What is a null hypothesis?
A negative statement that proposes that there is no relationship between two factors. They are equally valid but are easier to disprove
31
What is the most important feature of a good experiment?
Controlling variables
32
What do the chemical characteristics of an atom depend on?
The number of electrons in its outermost shell
33
An atom that loses one or more electrons becomes _______
Positively charged
34
An atom that acquires electrons becomes ______
Negatively charged
35
The transfer of electrons is driven by what?
The fact that atoms with full outer electron shells are more stable
36
Water has ______ surface tension
High
37
What allows trees to function as drinking straws?
Water and its strong cohesiveness
38
Why can ice float on water?
Because ice is less dense than water. Water has low density as a solid
39
Water is a good solvent because
It is polar therefore dissolves polar substances well
40
The amount of H+ in a solution is a measure of its acidity and is called ______
pH
41
_______ can donate H+ to other chemicals
Acids
42
Is H+ very reactive?
Yes
43
Bases have
Low H+ and high OH-
44
Examples of bases include:
baking soda, seltzer, milk of magnesia
45
Buffers can...
quickly absorb excess H+ ions to keep a solution from becoming too acidic. And they can quickly release H+ ions to counteract any increases in OH- negative concentration
46
The four types of macromolecules are:
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
47
Role of Carbohydrates:
Provides energy, structural, precursor
48
Role of Lipids:
Provides energy, main component of our cell membranes, hormones
49
Role of Proteins
Carry our all the functions in our body
50
Carbohydrates contain:
C, H, and O
51
General formula for Carbohydrates:
Cn(H2O)n
52
Simple Sugars are the most....
Effective source of energy
53
What is a monosaccharide?
Simplest form of Carbohydrate (simple sugar)
54
How many carbon atoms are in simple sugars?
3-7
55
Examples of Monosaccharides:
Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose
56
When 2 monosaccharides are covalently bonded together, they create
Disaccharides
57
Polysaccharides are
Complex sugars. Act as "time-release" fuel pellets because when the bond is broken, glucose is released
58
1 sugar unit is called?
A Monosaccharide
59
Examples of Disaccharide:
Sucrose and Lactose
60
Examples of Polysaccharides:
Starch and Cellulose
61
Cellulose macromolecule structure is
Linear
62
Starch Macromolecule structure is
Branched
63
Glycogen Macromolecular structure is
Highly branched
64
Examples of starch are
Barley, wheat, rye, corn, and rice
65
Depending on their structure, dietary carbohydrates can lean to....
Quick-but-brief or slow-but-persistent increases in blood sugar
66
Carbohydrates that aren't digestible:
Cellulose and Chitin
67
What is Cellulose?
chains of hundreds or thousands of linked glucose units, with hydrogen bonding between parallel chains—contributes to trees' rigidity (and makes wood a desirable building material)
68
What is Chitin?
contains hundreds or thousands of sugar units linked as in cellulose. In chitin, the units contain nitrogen and have increased hydrogen bonding within and between chains, adding strength
69
Differences between Starch and Cellulose
The bonds. Many animals cannot break the bonds in cellulose, so you do not get energy from it.
70
How does Fiber prevent/reduce Colon cancer?
A high fiber diet speeds up the food traveling through your gut, so less harmful materials come into contact with your gut
71
What is NOT a monosaccharide?
Sucrose
72
Why does a salad dressing made with vinegar and oil separate into two layers shortly after you mix them?
Oil molecules are not polar so they don't want to interact, whereas the water is polar
73
Hydrophobic means what?
Something that will not dissolve in water. (not water liking)
74
Hydrophilic means what?
Something that dissolves in water. (Water liking)
75
Are lipids polar or non-polar?
Non-polar
76
The three types of lipids are:
Fats (Triglycerides), Sterols, and Phospholipids
77
Function of Fats (Triglycerides)
Long-term energy storage and insulation
78
Function of Sterols
Regulate growth and development
79
Function of Phospholipids
Form the membranes that enclose cells
80
Fatty Acids are....?
Long hydrocarbon chains, very hydrophobic
81
Function of Fatty Acids:
Used for energy storage, long term storage
82
What contains much more stored energy than carbohydrate molecules?
Fat molecules
83
How come animals have evolved a strong taste preference for fats over other energy sources?
Because fats store such large amounts of energy
84
Saturated fats:
Have hydrocarbon chains connected by single bonds only. This is solid at room temperature
85
Unsaturated fats:
Bond has one or more double bonds (curve shape) and tends to be liquid at room temperature
86
Isotopes are....?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
87
Many snacks contain _______________ vegetable oils
partially hydrogenated
88
What are trans fats?
A form of unsaturated fats
89
What is hydrogenation?
The artificial addition of hydrogen atoms to an unsaturated fat in order to make the fat more saturated. This can improve a food’s taste, texture, and shelf-life
90
What is Cholesterol?
A sterol, a type of lipid. It is an important component of cell membranes in animals
91
What is Atherosclerosis?
A build up of cholesterol plaque in the walls of arteries causing obstruction of blood flow
92
The Steroid Hormones are?
Estrogen and testosterone
93
Waxes are strongly ___________
Hydrophobic
94
What are peptide bonds?
Amino acids that are covalently linked
95
What is the primary structure of proteins
The amino acid sequence
96
What are the two most common patterns in the structure of proteins?
-Twist in a cork-screw like shape and zig zag folding

concept of biology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions