self awareness Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is self-awareness?
A psychological state where a person becomes aware of their traits, feelings, and behaviours through reflexive thought
What is the mirror test and who developed it?
A test of self-recognition using mirrors, developed by Gallup (1970)
What are the two types of self and who studied it
Private self (thoughts and feelings) and public self (how you are perceived by others). Carver & Scheier (1981)?
What is chronic self-awareness?
Constant self-focus that can lead to stress, avoidance behaviour, and reduced self-monitoring.
What is mindfulness and who is it according to
Paying attention purposefully, in the present moment, and without judgment. Kabat-Zinn (1991)?
Effects of heightened private self-consciousness?
More intense emotions, accurate self-perception, less stress-related illness.
Effects of heightened public self-consciousness?
Social anxiety, low self-esteem, conformity to group norms.
What are self-schemas?
Cognitive structures that guide how we process self-related information.
What is a self-schematic trait?
A trait that is an important part of your self-concept.
What is an aschematic trait?
A trait that is not central to your self-concept.
What is the Control Theory of Self-Regulation and who studied it?
Self-monitoring through a cycle: test → operate → test → exit. (Carver & Scheier, 1981)
What is Self-Discrepancy Theory and who studied it?
Discrepancies between actual, ideal, and ought selves can cause emotional distress. (Higgins, 1987)
What is the Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model and who studied it?
We protect self-esteem from upward comparisons by distancing or devaluing. (Tesser, 1988)
What is Social Identity Theory and who studied it?
Identity is formed through group memberships, influencing in-group/out-group behaviour. (Tajfel & Turner, 1979)
What is Self-Categorisation Theory and who studied it?
We internalize group norms and adopt a collective identity. (Turner et al., 1987)
What is self-assessment?
The desire to seek accurate and truthful information about oneself
What is self-verification?
The desire to confirm what we already believe about ourselves
What is self-enhancement?
The desire to maintain a positive image of oneself.
What is self-affirmation theory?
Emphasising positive aspects of oneself to maintain self-worth.
What is self-serving bias?
Attributing successes to oneself and failures to external factors.
What is an independent self and where is it common?
A view of the self as autonomous and consistent; common in individualist cultures.
What is an interdependent self and where is it common?
A view of the self as connected and context-dependent; common in collectivist cultures.
