Semester 1 Exam 2 Upper extremity

Question 1

Displacement of a bone is also referred to as a:

Answer 1

dislocation

Question 2

For radiographs of the first digit the CR should be directed perpendicularly to the:

Answer 2

MCP joint

Question 3

With the arm in the anatomic position, the radius is on the _____ side:

Answer 3

Lateral

Question 4

When evaluating a PA oblique projection of the hand, what determines if the part is properly positioned?

Answer 4

3rd,4th and 5th metacarpals slightly superimposed

Question 5

The olecranon fossa is located on the?

Answer 5

posterior surface of the humerus

Question 6

If the radius and ulna are crossed over each other on an AP forearm image, the hand was likely:

Answer 6

Pronated

Question 7

For what purpose is a patient instructed to fold his/her fingers into a loose fist when positioning for a PA projection of the wrist?

Answer 7

Bring wrist closer to IR

Question 8

Which fracture classifications BEST describes one fracture composed of several fragments?

Answer 8

Comminuted

Question 9

The first metacarpal is located on which aspect of the hand?

1. ulna
2. medial
3. lateral

Answer 9

3 only

Question 10

For radiography of the 3rd digit, the CR should be directed perpendicularly to the:

Answer 10

Proximal IP joint

Question 11

Smallest carpal bone is the

Answer 11

pisiform

Question 12

most medial carpal bone in distal row

Answer 12

Hamate

Question 13

Which of the following carpal bones articulate with the metacarpal bones?

Answer 13

capitate, hamate, and trapezium

Question 14

For the lateral projection of the wrist, it is most important to:

Answer 14

Superimpose distal radius & ulna

Question 15

For a lateral projection of the hand, when the digits are superimposed and fully extended, the primary areas of interest are:

1. displaced fractures within the metacarpal area of the hand
2. fractures within the 2nd through 4th phalanges
3. foreign bodies within the metacarpal area of the hand

Answer 15

1 & 3 only

Question 16

How many bones make up the wrist?

Answer 16

8

Question 17

The forearm consists of which of the following bones?

1. ulna
2. radius
3. humerus

Answer 17

Radius Ulna

Question 18

The hand consists of how many bones?

Answer 18

27

Question 19

For the AP projection of the forearm, the hand is:

Answer 19

Supinated

Question 20

Where in the wrist is the scaphoid bone located?

Answer 20

Lateral side proximal row

Question 21

The patient position most commonly used to perform a radiograph of a finger (digit) is:

Answer 21

Sitting at the end of the table

Question 22

How many phalanges are there in the hand?

Answer 22

14

Question 23

For a routine protocol PA oblique of the wrist, from the pronated position, rotate the wrist.

Answer 23

45 degrees laterally

Question 24

A radiograph of the digit should include the:

Answer 24

distal phalanx through distal end of metacarpal

Question 25

Which of the following is proximal to the carpal bones?

Answer 25

radial styloid process

Question 26

The optimum kVp range for upper limb radiography is:

Answer 26

60-70

Question 27

The head of the radius articulates with the

Answer 27

capitulum

Question 28

The function of bones is

Answer 28

Attachment of muscles Protection of internal organs Storage of calcium

Question 29

The portion of the bone that provides attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments is known as the:

Answer 29

tubercle

Question 30

A PA projection of the hand demonstrates a (an) _____ projection of the first digit:

Answer 30

oblique

Question 31

For the PA projection of the hand, where should the central ray be directed?

Answer 31

3rd MCP joint

Question 32

An important consideration(s) in order to avoid excessive metacarpophalangeal overlap in the PA oblique projection of the hand?

Answer 32

oblique the hand no more than 45 degrees use a support sponge for the phalanges use an immobilization device if needed

Question 33

Largest carpal bone is the

Answer 33

capitate

Question 34

For radiographs of the forearm, how should the hand be positioned for the AP projection and the lateral projection?

Answer 34

AP projection: hand supinated; lateral projection: hand lateral

Question 35

How would a Radiographer correct an image that is underexposed?

Answer 35

increase mAs decrease SID increase kVp

Question 36

Which of the following items would be needed to perform a PA oblique projection of a hand? 1. 1 - inch block 2. lead shield 3. 45-degree foam wedge

Answer 36

2& 3

Question 37

Which projection of the forearm will demonstrate the radial head, neck and tuberosity slightly superimposed?

Answer 37

AP

Question 38

For the AP projection of the forearm, the humeral epicondyles are:

Answer 38

Parallel to IR

Question 39

Which of the following are well demonstrated on a PA oblique projection of the wrist? 1. Capitate 2. Trapezium 3. Scaphoid

Answer 39

2 &3

Question 40

For the PA axial projection of the wrist Stretcher method, the central ray is angled _____ degrees

Answer 40

20 degrees

Question 41

Joints that move in only one plane, such as flexion and extension, are known as ____ joints.

Answer 41

Hinge

Question 42

For a lateral projection of the hand, the CR is directed perpendicularly toward the:

Answer 42

2nd MCP joint

Question 43

How many phalanges are there in the thumb?

Answer 43

2

Question 44

The anatomic structures demonstrated on a routine hand should include:

Answer 44

distal phalanges through distal end of radius and ulna

Question 45

Which of the following joints should be clearly demonstrated on the AP projection of the forearm? 1. Wrist 2. Elbow 3. Proximal humerus

Answer 45

1 &2

Question 46

Positioning instructions for the lateral forearm include: 1. shoulder to be placed on the same plane as the elbow 2. hand to be pronated 3. humerus and forearm to be flexed 90 degrees

Answer 46

1& 3

Question 47

A patient had a routine wrist series. The radiologist suspects a hair line fracture of the scaphoid bones. What radiographic projections(s) would best demonstrate the scaphoid? 1. PA axial (stecher method) 2. AP oblique 3. PA ulnar deviation

Answer 47

1 & 3

Question 48

Which of the following classification of bones would best describe the metacarpals?

Answer 48

Long

Question 49

Although the PA oblique is more common when examining the wrist, the AP oblique is sometimes performed to better demonstrate the:

Answer 49

pisiform

Question 50

The lateral projection of the forearm should demonstrate

Answer 50

Elbow joint Radius and Ulna Carpal Bones Olecranon Process