Semiología torácica (hemoptisis) Flashcards

1
Q

Eliminación de sangre por la boca procedente de vías respiratorias inferiores

A

Hemoptisis

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2
Q

Características de la sangre expulsada en la hemoptisis

A

Roja, rutilante y espumosa

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3
Q

Principales causas de la hemoptisis

A

Tuberculosis bronquial, bronquitis crónica, cáncer de pulmón y bronquiectasias

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4
Q

Otras causas de hemoptisis

A

Hemorragia bronquial o alveolar

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5
Q

Diagnóstico diferencial de la hemoptisis

A

Hematemesis, epistaxis y gingivorragia

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6
Q

Sensación molesta por falta de aire

A

Disnea

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7
Q

Causas de hiperventilación

A

Anemia o acidosis metabólica

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8
Q

Causas de hipoventilación

A

Neumonía o tuberculosis

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9
Q

Coloración azulada de la piel y mucosas, aparece cuando el nivel de HB es igual o mayor a 5g/dl

A

Cianosis

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10
Q

Se genera por instauración arterial, es generalizada

A

Cianosis

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11
Q

Sitio de aparición del dolor respiratorio o pleural

A

Retroesternal

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12
Q

Carácter del dolor respiratorio o pleural

A

Urente (ardor o quemazón)

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13
Q

Irradiación del dolor respiratorio o pleural

A

Sin irradiación

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14
Q

Cómo es el inicio del dolor respiratorio o pleural?

A

Abrupto (brusco, repentino)

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15
Q

Acompañantes del dolor respiratorio o pleural

A

Tos irritativa, seca y persistente

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16
Q

Origen del dolor respiratorio o pleural

A

Pleura parietal

17
Q

Causas del dolor respiratorio o pleural

A

Inflamación mecánica o infecciosa