sense

Question 1

Sensing:

Answer 1

sensory cells translating stimuli (chemical, electromagnetic, mechanical) into Ap’s that our nervous system can integrate

Question 2

Touch

Answer 2

a general (somatic) sense, it relates to our ability to detect pressure, pain and temp. it uses it through a variety of general sensory receptors.

Question 3

Special senses: (5)

Answer 3

vision, smell, taste, hearing,
and equilibrium

Question 4

Photoreceptors:

Answer 4

in our eyes, it converts light energy into AP that travels the brain

Question 5

Light:

Answer 5

electromagnetic waves

Question 6

The eye is surrounded by:

Answer 6

Protective fat and bony orbits in the skull

Question 7

Eyebrows:

Answer 7

Keep sweat and sunlight out of eyes

Question 8

Eyelids and eyelashes:

Answer 8

Trigger reflective blinking to keep eyes moist

Question 9

Lacrimal apparatus:

Answer 9

Consists of lacrimal gland that produces and secretes tears and the ducts that the drain secretions.

Question 10

Name the 6 Extrinsic eye muscles

Answer 10

Superior rectus
Lateral rectus
inferior rectus
medial recuts
superior oblique
Inferior oblique

Question 11

Fibrous layer

Answer 11

outermost layer, contains the sclera and cornea

Question 12

cornea:

Answer 12

window that lets light into eye

Question 13

Vascular layer:

Answer 13

includes, choroid, ciliary body and the iris

Question 14

choroid:

Answer 14

supplies all the layers with blood

Question 15

ciliary body:

Answer 15

ring of muscle tissue around lens

Question 16

Iris (colored part of eye):

Answer 16

ring of smooth muscle between the cornea and lens that contracts and expands to change the size of the pupil. Allows light into the eye and so the iris controls the amount that comes in.

Question 17

Inner layer:

Answer 17

retina
Outer pigmented layer
inner neural layer

Question 18

photoreceptors convert light apt’s travel through the:

Answer 18

Optic nerve to the thalamus, and then the visual cortex in the brain.

Question 19

2 types of photoreceptors

Answer 19

rods and cones

Question 20

rods:

Answer 20

Photoreceptors that only register black and white

Question 21

Cones:

Answer 21

photoreceptors that detect fine detail and color

Question 22

Lens:

Answer 22

convex transparent disc that focuses the light that is allowed in and projects it onto the retina in the inner layer

Question 23

Vitreous humor:

Answer 23

clear gel that fills the posterior segment of the eye behind the lens

Question 24

Aqueous humor

Answer 24

clear fluid that fills the anterior segment in front of the lens

Question 25

scientific words for smell and taste

Answer 25

(olfaction), (gustation)

Question 26

what do chemoreceptors do

Answer 26

detect molecules in the air (dissolved in fluids from our nasal membranes) and our food (dissolved in saliva).

Question 27

Odor:

Answer 27

gaseous molecules we smell

Question 28

olfactory epithelium (nose)

Answer 28

When molecules hit it, the roof of the nasal cavity, it has olfactory sensory neurons

Question 29

taste buds:

Answer 29

Sensory organ of taste, inside of papillae

Question 30

papillae

Answer 30

(the bumps on your tongue)

Question 31

Gustatory epithelial cells

Answer 31

taste receptor cells

Question 32

Basal epithelial cells

Answer 32

stem cells that make new gustatory epithelial cells

Question 33

ear:

Answer 33

sensory organ for hearing and balance (equilibrium)

Question 34

what are our ears designed to receive

Answer 34

mechanical waves and convert them to nerve signals that our brains can interpret

Question 35

sounds create

Answer 35

vibrations in the air that hit our eardrums and cause tiny bones

Question 36

3 parts of the ear

Answer 36

(1) outer/external (2) middle ear for hearing, (3) inner ear for hearing and maintaining equilibrium

Question 37

External (outer) ear function:

Answer 37

Catch sound waves and pass them deeper into the ear through the auditory canal

Question 38

pinna (ear):

Answer 38

in outer ear, part we see made of cartilage

Question 39

External acoustic meatus

Answer 39

auditory canal

Question 40

middle ear definition and function:

Answer 40

tympanic cavity = relay station between outer and inner ear

Question 41

3 tiiny bones in middle ear:

Answer 41

malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup)

Question 42

middle ear function:

Answer 42

amplify sound waves to make stronger for when they get

Question 43

Eustachian tube

Answer 43

passage from the middle ear to the pharynx that aids in equalizing pressure around the eardrum

Question 44

Inner ear function:

Answer 44

turn physical vibrations into electrical impulses (APs) to travel to brain

Question 45

3 parts of the inner ear bony labyrinth:

Answer 45

vestibule Semicircular canals Cochlea

Question 46

vestibule:

Answer 46

key structure for maintaining balance (in bony laberinth)

Question 47

Semicircular canals (ear)

Answer 47

aid in maintaining balance when head rotates

Question 48

Cochlea: (ear)

Answer 48

contains hair cells that vibrate at different frequencies