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comptia a 1 > Servers > Flashcards

Servers Flashcards

1
Q

What are file and print servers?

A

Servers that provide centralized file storage and print job management

File servers allow clients to access shared disk storage, while print servers manage print jobs from multiple users.

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2
Q

What functions do file servers provide?

A
  • Allow clients to access shared disk storage
  • Provide centralized file management
  • Enable collaboration through shared access
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3
Q

What functions do print servers perform?

A
  • Manage print jobs from multiple users
  • Queue and prioritize print requests
  • Provide printer driver management
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4
Q

What is SMB and its associated port?

A

Server Message Block, Port 445

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5
Q

What is the definition of web servers?

A

Servers that host websites and respond to HTTP/HTTPS requests

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6
Q

Name three types of web servers.

A
  • IIS (Internet Information Services)
  • Apache
  • NGINX
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7
Q

What are the unsecured and secured HTTP ports?

A
  • HTTP: Port 80
  • HTTPS: Port 443
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8
Q

What are the primary functions of web servers?

A
  • Serve static and dynamic content
  • Process client requests
  • Deliver web page responses
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9
Q

What protocols are used by email servers?

A
  • SMTP (port 25)
  • POP3 (port 110)
  • IMAP (port 143)
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10
Q

What are the types of email servers?

A
  • Microsoft Exchange
  • Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs)
  • Mail Delivery Agents (MDAs)
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11
Q

What features do email servers provide?

A
  • Message storage and retrieval
  • Spam filtering and virus scanning
  • Mail routing and delivery
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12
Q

What is the function of AAA servers?

A

Handle Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting

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13
Q

List the functions of AAA servers.

A
  • Authentication: Verifies user identity
  • Authorization: Defines allowed actions
  • Accounting: Tracks and logs activities
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14
Q

What protocols are associated with AAA servers?

A
  • RADIUS (UDP ports 1812/1813)
  • TACACS+ (TCP port 49)
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15
Q

What are common applications of AAA servers?

A
  • Network access control
  • VPN authentication
  • Wireless network security
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16
Q

What is the definition of database servers?

A

Servers that store, organize, and retrieve data efficiently

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17
Q

Name the types of database servers.

A
  • Relational: MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle
  • NoSQL: MongoDB, Cassandra
  • In-Memory: Redis, Memcached
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18
Q

What are the primary functions of database servers?

A
  • Data storage and retrieval
  • Data processing and analysis
  • Data security management
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19
Q

What security measures are important for database servers?

A
  • Authentication and access control
  • Data encryption
  • Regular backups
  • Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
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20
Q

What is the purpose of NTP servers?

A

Synchronize time across devices

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21
Q

What protocol does NTP servers use?

A

UDP port 123

22
Q

What are the Stratum levels in NTP?

A
  • Stratum 0: Precise time sources (atomic clocks, GPS)
  • Stratum 1: Direct connection to stratum 0
  • Stratum 2+: Synchronized to higher stratum servers
23
Q

What is the importance of NTP servers?

A
  • Log synchronization
  • Authentication systems
  • Transaction timestamping
  • Scheduled operations
24
Q

What is the definition of syslog servers?

A

Centralized logging and monitoring servers

25
What are the components of syslog servers?
* Priority code * Header * Message body
26
What security measures do syslog servers implement?
* Uses TCP and TLS for secure transmission * Encrypted transmission of logs * Role-based access control
27
What are the benefits of syslog servers?
* Enhanced operational efficiency * Improved security monitoring * Regulatory compliance * Faster troubleshooting
28
What is the definition of proxy servers?
Intermediaries between clients and remote servers
29
Name the types of proxy servers.
* Forward proxies * Reverse proxies * Transparent proxies
30
What are the benefits of using proxy servers?
* Content caching for speed * Security through content filtering * Enhanced monitoring capabilities * Bandwidth optimization
31
What functions do proxy servers perform?
* Content filtering * Traffic logging * Access control * Cache frequently accessed content
32
What is the definition of load balancers?
Servers that distribute traffic across multiple backend servers
33
What functions do load balancers provide?
* Traffic distribution using various algorithms * Health monitoring of backend servers * Session persistence management
34
What are the benefits of load balancers?
* High availability through redundancy * Scalability without service disruption * DDoS attack mitigation * Resource optimization
35
What considerations should be made regarding load balancers?
* Operational costs vs. performance * Algorithm selection for specific applications * Failover implementation
36
What is the definition of Unified Threat Management (UTM)?
Integrated security appliance combining multiple security functions
37
List some features of UTM.
* Firewall * IPS * Antivirus/Antimalware * VPN * Content filtering * Load balancing
38
What are the benefits of Unified Threat Management?
* Cost reduction through integration * Simplified management * Comprehensive security * Reduced complexity
39
What are the limitations of UTM?
* Single point of failure risk * Potential performance issues * May not match dedicated solutions
40
What does ICS stand for?
Industrial Control Systems that automate industrial processes
41
What does SCADA stand for?
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems for monitoring geographically dispersed equipment
42
Name the components of ICS/SCADA systems.
* PLCs * HMI * Control servers * Fieldbus technology
43
What are the security priorities for ICS/SCADA systems?
* Availability * Integrity * Confidentiality
44
What is the definition of embedded systems?
Purpose-specific computer systems with dedicated functions
45
What are the characteristics of embedded systems?
* Static environments * Minimal software * Infrequent updates * Limited interfaces
46
Name the types of embedded systems.
* PLCs * RTOS * SoC
47
What are common applications of embedded systems?
* Manufacturing control * Automation systems * Medical devices * Consumer electronics
48
What is the definition of legacy systems?
Outdated systems still in operation but no longer supported
49
What are security challenges associated with legacy systems?
* Lack of security updates * Continued operational dependency * Modern threat vulnerability * Integration difficulties
50
What are some mitigation strategies for legacy systems?
* Network isolation * Compensating controls * Restricted internet access * Security monitoring
51
What considerations are there for supporting legacy systems?
* Proprietary with vendor-specific requirements * Limited expertise availability * Higher maintenance costs

comptia a 1 (11 decks)

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