Sex And Gender

Question 0

What factors contribute to determination of gender?

Answer 0

3 factors form gender identity

Prenatal hormones
Development of genitalia
Characteristics assigned from parents

Question 1

What is the difference between sex and gender?

Answer 1

Sex = biological status

Gender = learned cultural status (masculine or feminine)

Question 2

What is disorder of sexual development (DSD)?

Answer 2

Non standard reproductive or sexual anatomy.

Highly stigmatised.

Question 3

What is the social learning theory related to sex and gender?

Answer 3

Examples of rewards for masculine behaviour and punishment for feminine behaviour. Therefore individual imitates males and develops a gender identity.

Question 4

What is Cognitive Development theory in relation to sex and gender?

Answer 4

A male gender identity will lead to masculine behaviour etc.

Question 5

When is gender identity established?

Answer 5

Usually occurs are 2-3 years. Knowing the difference between boy and girl.

Question 6

What and when does gender stability occur?

Answer 6

Gender stability - perception of a gender related future (eg. I will be a mummy)

Established at age 4

Question 7

What is and when is gender constancy established?

Answer 7

Example of boys don’t become girls by wearing a dress.

Occurs age 4-5 years

Question 8

What is gender shaped by?

Answer 8

Family, school, peers and media

Question 9

What is the gender similarities hypothesis?

Answer 9

Argues against the differences model popularised in general media.

This proposes that male and remakes are similar on most but not all psychological variables.

Clear difference only in throwing, sexuality and physical aggression.

However research overlooks developmental trends (eg self esteem)