Sheep And Goat Diseases

Question 1

Enteritoxemia is also called

Answer 1

Overeating disease

Question 2

Enterotoxemia is caused by

Answer 2

Bacteria Clostridium perfringens type D

Question 3

Enterotoxemia is most common in

Answer 3

Lambs and kids

Question 4

Etiology of C. perfringens causing enterotoxemia (how it causes it)

Answer 4

Bacteria normally found in GI tract, #s kept low Bc of competition from other organisms, certain conditions lead to overgrowth and overproduction of toxins

Question 5

Example of a cause of enterotoxemia (causes overgrowth of C. perfringens in GI tract)

Answer 5

Lambs/ kids eat large amounts of high energy food. Seen in those turned out into new lush fields or overeat grain

Question 6

Signs of enterotoxemia

Answer 6

Incoordination, depression, progresses to seizures or death

Question 7

Enterotoxemia treatment

Answer 7

Antibiotics if caught early enough

Question 8

Enterotoxemia prevention

Answer 8

Keep animals on steady plane of nutrition, avoid overeating of high energy feed, vaccinate (Clostridium d and T vaccine multivalent against enterotoxemia and tetanus)

Question 9

Clostridium D and T vaccine vaccinates against

Answer 9

Enterotoxemia and tetanus

Question 10

Pregnancy toxemia is also called

Answer 10

Twin lamb disease

Question 11

Ketosis in sheep and goats is called

Answer 11

Pregnancy toxemia

Question 12

When pregnancy toxemia occurs

Answer 12

Last 2-4 wks of pregnancy w multiple lambs

Question 13

__% of fetal growth is in the last trimester

Answer 13

80

Question 14

What causes pregnancy toxemia

Answer 14

Ewe not receiving enough energy via feed -> neg energy balance

Question 15

Signs of pregnancy toxemia

Answer 15

Depressed, lethargic, decreased appetite,

Progresses-> unable to rise, unresponsive, possibly fatal

Question 16

How to treat pregnancy toxemia

Answer 16

(Same as ketosis in cattle) IV glucose, propylene glycol, may perform C- section to remove lambs

Question 17

What is Caseous Lymphadenitis

Answer 17

Chronic infectious disease of sheep and goats

Question 18

What causes Caseous Lymphadenitis

Answer 18

Bacteria: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Enters thro skin opening, travels to lymph nodes

Question 19

Signs of caseous lymphadenitis

Answer 19

Large lymph nodes that break open and drain

Question 20

Caseous lymphadenitis treatment

Answer 20

No treatment, resistant to Ab

Question 21

What happens to a sheep or goat w caseous lymphadenitis

Answer 21

Removed from flock, no treatment

Question 22

Contagious Ecthyma is also called

Answer 22

Sore mouth or Orf

Question 23

Contagious Ecthyma is a ___ disease caused by

Answer 23

Viral disease caused by pox virus

Question 24

Is contagious Ecthyma zoonotic?

Answer 24

Yes, spreads via direct or indirect contact thro break in skin

Question 25

Signs of contagious Ecthyma

Answer 25

Sores on lips/muzzle, may occur other areas, raised red lesions that scab over (once falls off animal is immune)

Question 26

Is contagious Ecthyma fatal?

Answer 26

Not usually, mostly in lambs, depends on where scab forms

Question 27

Treatment for contagious Ecthyma

Answer 27

None, let it run it’s course (then immune)

Question 28

How to prevent contagious Ecthyma

Answer 28

Inspect/quarantine new animals, vaccinate (only vaccinate in farm w known cases )

Question 29

How contagious Ecthyma vaccine works

Answer 29

Scrape portion of skin (where we don’t mind scab occurring) spread vaccine on (attenuated virus), causes disease *only done in farms w known cases

Question 30

What kind of disease is Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis (CAE)

Answer 30

Infectious viral disease in goats

Question 31

Encephalitis syndrome (of CAE) is Mostly seen in Arthritis is seen in

Answer 31

``` Encephalitis = kids Arthritis = adults ```

Question 32

Signs of encephalitis syndrome (CAE)

Answer 32

Acute encephalitis, paresis and ataxia of hind limbs, paralysis, affects brain and spinal cord

Question 33

Signs of arthritis syndrome (CAE)

Answer 33

Slow progressive, swollen/ painful joints, progresses-> immobile

Question 34

How to treat caprine arthritis and encephalitis

Answer 34

None

Question 35

Most common cause of arthritis in dairy goats

Answer 35

CAE

Question 36

How CAE is spread

Answer 36

WBCs (colostrum, milk, blood)

Question 37

The same virus that causes CAE causes what in sheep

Answer 37

Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) (chronic resp wasting disease)