Shock Flashcards
Shock
syndrome characterised by tissue ischemia from decreased perfusion and impaired cellular metabolism.
An imbalance between supply and demand of nutrients and O2 to tissues
Cardiogenic Shock
reduced stroke volume and cardiac output resulting in decreased cellular O2 supply
- hearts inability to pump blood
Common cardiogenic shock causes
MI
arrythmias
cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease)
Hypovalemic shock
loss of intravascular fluid volume
inadequate volume to fill the vascular space
- resulting in a decrease in circulating volume
Neurogenic Shock
Loss of sympathetic done
occurs with spinal cord injury
disruption to sympathetic NS
-Hr drops
-airways constrict
-venous vasodilation
- vasodilation leads to pooling of blood in blood vessels
Anaphylactic Shock
lifethreatening hypersensitivity to a substance
causes massive vasodilation, respiratory distress, circulatory failure
Septic Shock
response to documented or suspected infection
presence of sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resusitation
Obstructive shock
physical obsruction to blood flow
Shock care
physical examination
interventions to control and increase perfusion
protecting against organ disfunction
Shock Nursing Assessment
chills
palor
weakness
decreased LOC
rapid, weak, thready pulse
decreased O2 sat
obvious haemorrhage or injury
cyanosis
Resp system changes
increased work of breathing
accessory muscle use
colour of pt
lung expansion
Heart rate changes
test ideally radially
tachycardic as a compensatory mechanism
later sign than resp change
What cuases change in O2 sats
poor perfusion
decreased cardiac output
anaemia
hypothermia
cardiac arythmias
1st Stage of shock
1) initial
very little change, increased resp rate
2nd Stage of shock
2) compensatory stage
slight blood pressure increase
tachycardia
increased resp rate
cool periferies
