short questions 2021

Question 1

state two causes of protein denaturation and give one example in each case

Answer 1

heat-hard boiled eggs
mechanical action - sponge cake

Question 2

in relation to lipids, explain oxidative rancidity

Answer 2

occurs when oxygen in the air combines with the carbons in a double bond of the unsaturated fatty acids

Question 3

in relation to lipids, explain hydrolytic acid

Answer 3

occurs when enzyme or bacteria break down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 4

name one condition associated with a deficiency of the following nutrients

Answer 4

vitamin D - rickets
vitamin B3 - pellagra
iodine - goitre

Question 5

what is a basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 5

the minimum amount of energy required to maintain body function when at rest

Question 6

nice two factors that determine a persons basal metabolic rate

Answer 6

-age
-occupation

Question 7

name three properties of sugar and state one culinary use of each

Answer 7

assists aeration - meringues
malliard reaction - toast
caramelisation - caramel squares

Question 8

outline two benefits of incorporating frozen foods in meal planning

Answer 8

-frozne food retains nutritional value
-food is pre-prepared, useful for people with limited manual dexterity

Question 9

explain the effect of each of the following in relation to the processing of vegetables and fruit - canning

Answer 9

change in colour, texture and favour, microorganisms and enzymes are destroyed

Question 10

exapline the effect of each of the following in relation to processing of vegetables and fruit - dehydration

Answer 10

change in colour, texture and flavour, microorganism and exams are destroyed, loss of b group vitamins and vitamin c

Question 11

name two protein alternatives that can be sued in a vegan diet

Answer 11

-textured vegetable protein(TVP)
-mycroprotein

Question 12

state two advantages of including protein alternatives in the diet

Answer 12

-good source of HBV protein, high in fibre and B group vitamins
-not very expensive which is ideal for a family who is on a low budget

Question 13

explain the following chemical changes that occur during food preparation/cooking - enzymic browning

Answer 13

when apples or bananas are prepared too far in advance the enzyme oxidase, present in cell walls, is released and reacts with oxygen in the air

Question 14

explain the following chemical changes that occur during food preparation/cooking - non enzymic browning

Answer 14

when starch based foods are heated, short chain polysaccharides called dextrins are formed. this causes a colour change on the surface of the food into a attractive brown colour e.g. toast

Question 15

state the function of the following parts of the refrigerator - the thermostat

Answer 15

controls the internal temperature (0C - 5C)

Question 16

state the function of the following parts of the refrigerator - the refrigerant

Answer 16

cooling the cabinet by drawing the heat from inside

Question 17

classify three types of retail outlet and give one example in each class

Answer 17

-supermarkets- tesco
multiple chain stores- Penneys
discount stores - dealz

Question 18

outline three consumer responsibilities (1)

Answer 18

to be well informed - consuerms should become educated aged about their consumer laws

Question 19

outline three consumer responseibilities (2)

Answer 19

to complain - consumers should complain if a product or service fails to meet expectation

Question 20

outline thee consumer responsibilities (3)

Answer 20

to avoid waste - consumers should take responsibility fro preserving the environment

Question 21

identify three socio economic that influence housing choices

Answer 21

-the amount of available income
the larger the family, the more space required
-a family with your children , will have different housing needs from a retired couple

Question 22

sate two benefits of the small claims procedure

Answer 22

-inexpensxie(current fee £25) and is an easy way to resolve disputes about a product or service
-processes consumer claims up to the value of £2,000