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RADT 252 - Radiographic Procedures III > Shoulder Girdle Anatomy & Positioning > Flashcards

Shoulder Girdle Anatomy & Positioning Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

what bones make up the shoulder girdle?

A

clavicle and scapula

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2
Q

what does the shoulder girdle articulate with?

A

head of humerus, manubrium of sternum, each other (AC joint)

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3
Q

t/f the humerus is considered part of the shoulder girdle

A

false

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4
Q

what is the classification of the shoulder joint by function?

A

diarthrodial

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5
Q

what is the classification of the shoulder joint by anatomy (structure)?

A

synovial

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6
Q

what type of joint is the shoulder girdle

A

ball and socket

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7
Q

what type of bone is the clavicle

A

long bone

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8
Q

the lateral end of the clavicle articulates with the

A

acromion on scapula (AC joint)

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9
Q

the medial end of the clavicle articulates with the

A

manubrum of the sternum (SC joint)

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10
Q

is the curve of the clavicle more pronounced in male or female patients?

A

male patients

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11
Q

what type of bone is the scapula

A

flat bone

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12
Q

what is the lateral, thickened end of the scapular spine called?

A

acromion

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13
Q

which border is the scapular notch located on?

A

superior border

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14
Q

what is the required patient position to demonstrate the left shoulder in a PA oblique scapular Y?

A

45 - 60 degrees LAO

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15
Q

how is the arm positioned for the inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence method)?

A

affected arm abducted to a right angle in external rotation

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16
Q

collimation of single AC joint

A

6 x 8 inches

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17
Q

collimation of bilateral AC joint

A

6 x 17 inches

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18
Q

collimation of all clavicle projections

A

8 x 12

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19
Q

light field of clavicle projections

A

1.5 in above shoulder, 1 in beyond lateral aspect of the shoulder

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20
Q

angle for upright AP axial clavicle

A

15 - 30 degrees cephalic

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21
Q

angle for standing and Lordotic AP axial clavicle

A

0 - 15 degrees cephalic

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22
Q

angle for supine AP axial clavicle

A

15 - 30 cephalic

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23
Q

do thinner or thicker patients get more angle for AP axial clavicle

A

thinner patients

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24
Q

angle for PA axial clavicle

A

15 - 30 degrees caudal

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25
three borders of the scapula
lateral, medial, superior
26
two surfaces of the scapula
costal (anterior), dorsal (posterior)
27
three angles of the scapula
superior, inferior, lateral
28
what is the angle for Alexander method AC joints
15 degrees cephalic
29
breathing instructions for AP clavicle
exposure made at end of exhalation
30
CR placement for bilateral SC joints
mid manubrium of sternum
31
which bone forms the posterior portion of the shoulder girdle
scapula
32
which position will show the shoulder in a true AP
Grashey method
33
why is upright position required on AP AC joints?
supine position will reduce dislocation, if present
34
why are two images crucial for showing AC joints?
one with weights and one without weights to show degree of separation of joint space
35
CR for AP scapula
perpendicular to point 2 inches inferior to coracoid process
36
collimation for AP scapula
10 x 12
37
light field for AP scapula
1.5 in above shoulder, 2 in beyond lateral aspect of the shoulder, lateral half of the clavicle, 1 in below the inferior angle of the scapula
38
breathing instructions for AP scapula
exposure made during slow breathing to eliminate lung detail and clearly show scapula
39
what is the most lateral joint in the shoulder girdle?
AC joint
40
arm position for lateral scapula
flex elbow, place back of hand on posterior thorax, ensure humerus does not overlap scapula
41
which borders of the scapula are perpendicular to the IR in a lateral view?
lateral and medial borders
42
How is the affected upper limb positioned to demonstrate the acromion and coracoid on the lateral projection of the scapula?
Elbow flexed with the back of the hand resting on the posterior thorax
43
how should the arm be positioned to demonstrate the body of the scapula?
arm extended upward and rest forearm on head
44
CR placement for lateral scapula
perpendicular to midmedial border of scapula
45
collimation of lateral scapula
12 in length, 1.5 in above shoulder, 1 in beyond lateral shadow
46
evidence of proper positioning AP/PA clavicle
lateral half of clavicle above the scapula, medial half superimposed on the thorax
47
evidence of proper positioning AP/PA axial clavicle
lateral two-thirds projected above ribs and scapula, medial end superimposed on thorax, clavicle in horizontal orientation
48
which joints need to be seen on a clavicle image
AC and SC joints
49
Upright bilateral AC joint SID
72
50
the lateral aspect of the clavicle is termed
acromial extremity
51
the medial aspect of the clavicle is termed
sternal extremity
52
which is more anterior, the acromion or the coracoid process?
coracoid process
53
what is the thickest part of the body of the scapula?
the lateral angle
54
SID for AC joints
72 inches
55
section of the clavicle projected above the ribs and scapula for AP axial clavicle
lateral two thirds projected above, with medial end superimposing the thorax
56
breathing instructions for AP clavicle
suspended at end of expiration
57
breathing instructions for AP axial clavicle
suspended at end of expiration
58
breathing instructions for AP scapula
slow breathing to eliminate lung detail
59
light field of AP scapula
10 x 12, 1.5 in above shoulder, 2 in beyond lateral aspect of the shoulder and clavicle, 1 in below inferior angle of scapula
60
arm position for AP scapula
raised at a right angle
61
CR for AP scapula
perpendicular to midscapular area, 2 inches inferior to the coracoid process
62
patient position for lateral scapula to show acromion and coracoid processes
45-60 degrees RAO or LAO, arm behind back
63
patient position for lateral scapula to show body of the scapula
45-60 degrees RAO or LAO, arm extended upward and forearm resting on head
64
breathing instructions for lateral scapula
suspend respiration
65
CR placement for lateral scapula
perpendicular to the midmedial border of protruding scapula, medial and lateral borders superimposed

RADT 252 - Radiographic Procedures III (7 decks)

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