SI review Flashcards
(82 cards)
1
Q
FSH and LH works on
A
gonads
ovaries, testes
2
Q
ova produced in
A
the cortex
3
Q
normal sperm count
A
100 million/ mL
4
Q
at birth neonate has
A
1-2 million oocytes
5
Q
T3
A
active
6
Q
tri iodothyronine
A
active
7
Q
T4
A
inactive
8
Q
thyroxine
A
inactive
stored
9
Q
thyroglobulin
A
what made of
10
Q
menarche
A
first period
11
Q
need what for menarche
A
17% body fat
100 lbs
12
Q
thelarche
A
breast formation
first stage
13
Q
pubarche
A
axillary
pubic hair
14
Q
glycogenesis
A
glucose –> glycogen
15
Q
glycolysis
A
no mitochondria
glycogen–> glucose–> energy
16
Q
gluconeogenesis
A
new glucose (from amino acids etc.) starvation
17
Q
glycogenolysis
A
break down of glycogen–> glucose
18
Q
lipase
A
lipids
19
Q
amylase
A
carbohydrates
20
Q
protease
A
protein
21
Q
saliva enzymes
A
lipase
amylase
22
Q
anterior pituitary hormones
A
FSH LH TSH ACTH PRL GH
23
Q
posterior pituitary hormones
A
OT
ADH
24
Q
FSH female
A
ovary (follicle)
–release estrogen
25
FSH male
stimulate spermatogenesis
26
LH female
ovulation
27
LH male
leydig cells
--produce testosterone
28
TSH
simulate thyroid hormone release T3 T4
29
ACTH
adrenal glands
| increase release of cortisol (stress)
30
PRL
prolactin
1. stimulate mammary gland development
2. milk production stimulated
31
GH
growth hormone
32
releasing hormone FSH
GnRH
| released from hypothalamus act on pituitary
33
releasing hormone LH
GnRH
| released from hypothalamus act on pituitary
34
releasing hormone TSH
TRH
| released from hypothalamus act on pituitary
35
releasing hormone ACTH
CRH
| released from hypothalamus act on pituitary
36
oxytocin
smooth muscle uterus contract
stimulate labor
37
ADH
INCREASE water absorption in nephron
38
another name of ADH
vasopressin
39
Steroid (hormone) made from
cholesterol
40
steroid (hormone) examples
1. sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone)
2. cortisol
3. aldosterone
41
protein (hormones) made from
amino acids
42
protein (hormones) examples
1. insulin
2. GH
3. LH
4. FSH
5. TSH
43
peptide (hormones)
ADH
Ox
GnRH
44
amide hormone examples
NE
| Epinephrine
45
pancreas can be
endocrine
| exocrine
46
CBD
common bile duct
| exocrine
47
pancreas secretes insulin
endocrine
48
pancreas secretes enzymes
exocrine
| lipase, amylase, protease
49
pancreas cells
B islet
| alpha islet
50
B islet
secrete insulin
| "lower" glucose
51
alpha islet
release glucagon
| "raise" glucose
52
glycogen
stored glucose
53
paracrine
one to nearby
| same tissue
54
autocrine
same cell
55
endocrine
different organ
56
bile, HCO3
neutralize ingesta in small intestine
57
villa (are)
finger like projections inside small intestine
58
microvilla
on villi
59
villa (do)
increase surface area
| absorb as many nutrients as possible
60
stored in liver
1. fat soluble vitamins
2. produce bile
3. detox
4. store glycogen
61
fat soluble vitamins
A D E K
62
water soluble vitamins
B C
63
bile is stored
gallbladder
64
detox
alternate chemical formula
| filter out body safely
65
stored glycogen
glucose
66
digestion begins
in mouth
67
digestion ends
small intestine
68
saliva composition
1. amylase
2. lipase
3. mucus
4. H2O
5. lysozyme
69
lysozyme
fight bacteria
70
G cells
secrete gastrin
71
gastrin
binds to parietal cells
increase HCl secretion
72
parietal cells
secrete HCl
73
chief cells
produce pepsinogen (inactive)
74
peristalsis
rhythmic pushing of ingesta
75
male carries
gender
76
peristalsis occurs
entire GI tract
77
mastication
chewing
78
phenotype
things observed
| eye color, hair, etc.
79
primary sex organs
gonads
80
secondary sex organs
penis, vagina
81
turner's syndrome
(chromosomes)
| XO
missing
girls-- infertile
non functioning ovaries
82
Klinesfellers
XXY
male & female
(breast, penis, short arms, bulging tummy)
