Single-Gene Inheritance Flashcards
(162 cards)
These are rules explaining the common patterns of inheritance
Modes of inheritance
It affects both sexes and appears every generation (ex: huntington disease)
Autosomal Dominant
It affects both sexes and can skip generations through carriers (ex: cystic fibrosis, albinism)
Autosomal Recessive
He’s the first thinker to probe the underlying rules of logic that make it possible to predict inheritance of specific traits.
Gregor Mendel
Units of inheritance that pass traits from generation to generation.
Elementen
Mendel knew nothing of DNA, chromosomes, or cells, but his “laws” of ______ explain trait transmission in any diploid species.
inheritance
He is a son of a farmer and grandson of a gardener, and he learned early how to tend fruit trees.
Gregor Mendel
At age 10 he left home to attend a special school for bright students, supporting himself by tutoring.
Gregor Mendel
Mendel became a priest at an atypical _____________ where the priests were teachers and did research in natural science.
Augustinian monastery
He learned how to artificially pollinate crop plants to control their breeding.
Mendel
Mendel wanted to teach _______ but had difficulty passing his exams due to test anxiety.
natural history
At age 29, he was such an effective substitute _____ that he was sent to earn a college degree.
teacher
At the __________, courses in the sciences and statistics fueled his interest in plant breeding.
University of Vienna
Mendel bred ________ hybrids and applied statistics.
pea plant
From 1857 to 1863, Mendel crossed and cataloged traits in ________ plants, through several generations.
24,034
Mendel described his work to the _________ in 1865 and published it in the organization’s journal the next year.
Brnö Medical Society
Three botanists who independently rediscovered the laws of inheritance and once they read Mendel’s paper, they credited him.
Hugo DeVries, Karl Franz Joseph Erich Correns, and Seysenegg Tschermak
Mendel came to be regarded as the ____________
father of genetics
“Short” and “tall” plants reflect expression of a gene that enables a plant to produce the hormone _______, which elongates the stem.
gibberellin
“Round” and “wrinkled” peas arise from the ______, whose encoded protein connects sugars into branching polysaccharide molecules.
R gene
Seeds with a _______ cannot attach the sugars. As a result, water exits the cells, and the peas wrinkle.
mutant R gene
These are ideal for probing heredity because they are easy to grow, develop quickly, and have many traits that take one of two easily distinguishable forms.
Peas
First generation
Parental generation (P1)
Second generation
first filial generation (F1)