Sinuses

Question 1

What are the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 1

Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoidal
Sphenoidal

Question 2

What are the ethmoidal sinuses?

Answer 2

Anterior
Middle
Posterior

Question 3

What drains into the superior meatus?

Answer 3

Posterior ethmoidal sinuses

Question 4

What drains into the middle meatus?

Answer 4

Anterior and middle,d ethmoidal sinuses
Frontal sinuses
Maxillary sinuses

Question 5

What drains into the inferior meatus?

Answer 5

No sinuses but the nasolacrimal duct

Question 6

What drains into the sphenoethmoidal duct?

Answer 6

Sphenoidal air sinus

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

A = hypophyseal fossa
B = sphenoid sinus

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Frontal sinus

Question 11

What is the role of the frontal sinus?

Answer 11

Insulate the brain

Question 12

Answer 12

Ethmoidal sinuses

Question 13

Answer 13

A = middle concha
B = inferior concha

Question 14

Why can’t you see the inferior concha?

Answer 14

It is situated more posteriorly

Question 15

Answer 15

Maxillary sinus

Question 16

Answer 16

Frontal sinus

Question 17

Answer 17

Maxillary sinus

Question 18

Can an infection from the teeth/pulp cause infection elsewhere?

Answer 18

Yes, in the maxillary sinus

Sinusitis

Question 19

What nerve is this and is it a branch of?

Answer 19

The Infraorbital nerve, branch of the maxillary nerve

Question 20

Answer 20

Mastoid air cells

Question 21

Answer 21

Ethmoidal sinuses

Question 22

Answer 22

Sphenoidal sinus

Question 23

Answer 23

Hyosemilunaris of the maxillary sinus

Question 24

What are the growth stages of the frontal and maxillary sinus?

Answer 24

1, 4, 7, 12 then an adult frontal/ maxillary sinus

Question 25

What can happen if you remove this tooth in a late adult?

Answer 25

Oral-antral fistula

Question 26

What scan is this?

Answer 26

CT

Question 27

Answer 27

A = ethmoidal B = ethmoidal C = conchae D = middle conchae E = septum F = inferior conchae G = maxillary sinus H = uncinate process

Question 28

Why does the maxillary sinus block easily?

Answer 28

It’s a small opening for infection to drain

Question 29

Answer 29

Infraorbital ethmoidal cells or haller cells

Question 30

If someone has a headache, what could cause this?

Answer 30

Pain in forehead, as frontal sinus is infected

Question 31

Answer 31

Nasolacrimal duct

Question 32

Answer 32

A = nasolacrimal duct B = infratemporal fossa C = nasopharyngeal D = pterygopalatine fossa E = maxillary sinus F = conchae

Question 33

Answer 33

A = Lamina papyracea B = ethmoid C = sphenoid D = middle crania fossa

Question 34

What do the ‘Xs’ indicate?

Answer 34

Potential areas of obstruction

Question 35

What complex is shown?

Answer 35

Ostiomeatal complex

Question 36

What do the arrows indicate?

Answer 36

Show direction of mucociliary clearance

Question 37

What does A represent?

Answer 37

Anterior ethmoidal artery

Question 38

Why is A important?

Answer 38

Important in endoscopic sinus surgery

Question 39

What is shown in this x-ray?

Answer 39

Fluid in maxillary sinuses Sinusitis

Question 40

Does A or B have fluid build up?

Answer 40

B

Question 41

This patient has sinusitis, how do you know?

Answer 41

Patient has chronic sinusitis The lining of the muscles membrane is irregular (usually smooth) Granulation issues Ethmoidal sinus is also blocked Opening of maxillary sinus also blocked

Question 42

What type of sinusitis is shown here?

Answer 42

Maxillary sinusitis

Question 43

What type of scan has been taken?

Answer 43

Coronal CT

Question 44

If the right maxillary sinus is not blocked due to fluid, why is it fully blocked?

Answer 44

It can be a growth Abnormal soft tissue extending through through infundibulum Polyposis or inverted papilloma

Question 45

What is shown in this CT scan? (Black arrow)

Answer 45

Cancer (chondrosarcom)

Question 46

What is shown in this CT scan? (White arrows)

Answer 46

Arrow head = Intracranial extension is seen along right cavernous sinus White arrow = right cerebellopontine angle

Question 47

What has occurred here?

Answer 47

Inverted papilloma

Question 48

What has occurred here?

Answer 48

Chindrosarcoma