Skeletal System

Question 1

A vertebra that has characteristics of the spinal column above and below is considered a _____.

Answer 1

Transitional vertebra

Question 2

A splitting of a bony neural canal is referred to as _____.

Answer 2

Spina bifida

Question 3

The most common form of dwarfism is _____, which is the result of diminished proliferation of cartilage in the growth plate.

Answer 3

Achondraplasia

Question 4

When the spine curves in a lateral direction, it is known as _____.

Answer 4

Scoliosis

Question 5

The two special types of bone cells are the _____ and _____.

Answer 5

osteoblast, osteoclast

Question 6

_____ is characterized pathologically by loss of joint cartilage and reactive new bone formation.

Answer 6

Osteoarthritis

Question 7

_____ is inflammation of the small fluid-filled sac located sac located near the joint, the purpose of which is to reduce friction caused by movement.

Answer 7

Bursitis

Question 8

A deep soft tissue swelling with obliteration or displacement of the fat pads and subtle metaphysical lucencies describes

Answer 8

Osteomyelitis

Question 9

The most common metabolic disease of the skeletal system is _____ disease, which affects both osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Answer 9

Paget’s Disease

Question 10

An _____ bone cyst contains numerous blood-filled arteriovenous communications.

Answer 10

Aneurysmal

Question 11

The continuous external bridge of calcium deposit that extends across a fracture line is _____.

Answer 11

Callus

Question 12

A fracture that may heal in a faulty position, resulting in a impairment of function, is called _____.

Answer 12

Malunion

Question 13

_____ is chronic systemic disease of unknown cause, usually occurring in the small joints of the hands and feet.

Answer 13

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Question 14

cotton-wool skull appearance

Answer 14

Paget’s disease

Question 15

a cleft in the pars interarticularis between the superior and inferior articular processes in the vertebra

Answer 15

Spondylolisthesis

Question 16

a deposit of uric acid in the joint

Answer 16

gout

Question 17

a malignant tumor of cartilaginous origin that may originate anew or within a preexisting cartilaginous lesion

Answer 17

chondrosarcoma

Question 18

abnormal decrease in bone density due to lack of calcium deposits

Answer 18

osteoporosis

Question 19

arises in the bone marrow of long bones and affects young adults

Answer 19

Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 20

benign bone projection with a cartilaginous cap

Answer 20

osteochondroma

Question 21

brittle bone disease

Answer 21

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 22

caused by vitamin deficiency in children

Answer 22

rickets

Question 23

classic “sunburst” pattern with elevated periosteum

Answer 23

osteogenic sarcoma

Question 24

degenerative arthritis

Answer 24

osteoarthritis

Question 25

failure of cartilage to form properly, resulting in dwarfism

Answer 25

achondroplasia

Question 26

infection of the bone and its marrow

Answer 26

osteomyelitis

Question 27

inflammation of the fluid-filled sac usually due to repeated physical activity

Answer 27

bursitis

Question 28

lack of neural tube closure

Answer 28

spina bifida

Question 29

marble bone disease

Answer 29

osteopetrosis

Question 30

most commonly affects the thoracic and lumbar spine with poorly marginated bone destruction often associated with an abscess

Answer 30

Potts's disease

Question 31

proliferation of fibrous tissue in the medullary cavity

Answer 31

fibrous dysplasia

Question 32

rupture of central nucleus pulposua, most frequently L4-L5

Answer 32

herniated intervertebral disk

Question 33

true fluid-filled area surrounded by a fibrous wall

Answer 33

unicameral bone cyst

Question 34

bone response to repeated stresses

Answer 34

fatigue

Question 35

composed of more that two fragments

Answer 35

comminuted

Question 36

discontinuity between two or more fragments

Answer 36

complete

Question 37

disruption of overlying skin

Answer 37

open

Question 38

encircles the bone shaft

Answer 38

spiral

Question 39

fracture healing process stops

Answer 39

nonunion

Question 40

fragment torn from bony prominence

Answer 40

avulsion

Question 41

incomplete fracture with the opposing cortex intact

Answer 41

greenstick

Question 42

occurs at the right angle to the long axis of the bone

Answer 42

transverse

Question 43

overlying skin is intact

Answer 43

closed

Question 44

runs approximately 45 degrees to the bone

Answer 44

oblique

Question 45

separation of bone fragments

Answer 45

displaced

Question 46

ankle dislocation with fractured malleoli

Answer 46

Pott's

Question 47

avulsion fracture at the base of fifth metatarsal

Answer 47

Jones

Question 48

avulsion fracture of the spinous process

Answer 48

clay shoveler's

Question 49

C2 fracture of the arch, usually associated with anterior subluxation of C2-C3

Answer 49

hangman's

Question 50

comminuted fracture of the ring of the atlas

Answer 50

Jefferson's

Question 51

isolated fracture of the ulna with associated dislocation of the radius in the elbow

Answer 51

Monteggia's

Question 52

transverse fracture of the lumbar vertebra

Answer 52

seat beat

Question 53

transverse fracture of the neck of the fifth metacarpal

Answer 53

boxer's

Question 54

transverse fracture of the waist of the this carpal bone

Answer 54

navicular

Question 55

transverse fracture through the distal radius with dorsal angulation

Answer 55

Colle's

Question 56

bone formation from cartilage

Answer 56

ossification

Question 57

connective tissue bone formation

Answer 57

intramembranous ossification

Question 58

dense structureless outer bone

Answer 58

compact bone

Question 59

end of the shaft where the bone flares and becomes the epiphysis

Answer 59

metaphysis

Question 60

ends of long bones where growth occurs

Answer 60

epiphysis

Question 61

fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone

Answer 61

periosteum

Question 62

ossification of flat bones on their outer surface

Answer 62

appositional growth

Question 63

membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Answer 63

endosteum

Question 64

portion of bone where blood production occurs

Answer 64

medullary cavity

Question 65

re-absorbing bone cell enlarging the diameter of the medullary cavity

Answer 65

osteoclasts

Question 66

shaftlike portion of bone

Answer 66

diaphysis

Question 67

area that contains trabeculae

Answer 67

spongy bone