Skeletal System

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

Away from the midline

Question 2

Adduction

Answer 2

Towards the midline

Question 3

Acromion process of the scapula

Answer 3

Can be felt at the tip of the shoulder, has three functions.1.to form a protective cover for the shoulder joint 2. to form the attachment site for the clavicle 3. to provide attachment points for some of the shoulder muscles

Question 4

Angular movments

Answer 4

bends rlative to another part of the structure; Flexion, extension, abduction, and Adduction

Question 5

Articular cartilage

Answer 5

cartilage covering the ends of bones where they come together to form joints, has no perichondrium, blood vessels, or nerves

Question 6

Atrophy

Answer 6

Disease when decrease in muscle size due to a decreased number of myofilaments; can occur due to a disuse of a muscle, as in paralysis

Question 7

Ball-and-Socket Joint

Answer 7

consists of a ball (head) at the end of one bone and a socket in an adjacent bone into which a portion of the ball fits; shoulder and hip bones

Question 8

Biceps brachii

Answer 8

long head, supraglenoid tubercle; radial tuberoisyt and aponeurosis of biceps brachii; musulocutaneous; flexes shoulder and elbow; supinates forearm and hand

Question 9

Amphirathroses

Answer 9

Slightly moveable joint

Question 10

Syntharthoroses

Answer 10

Non-moveable joints

Question 11

Diaphoresis

Answer 11

Freely movable joints

Question 12

Fibrous joint

Answer 12

Consist of two bones that are united by fibrous connective tissue, have no joint cavity, and exhibit little or no movement

Question 13

Sutures

Answer 13

Are seams between the bones of the skull

Question 14

Fontanel

Answer 14

Makes the skull flexible doing the birth process and allow for growth of the head after birth; no movement when older

Question 15

Gomphroses

Answer 15

Are specialized joints consisting of pegs that fit into sockets and are held in place by fine bundles of regular collagenous connective tissue

Question 16

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 16

Unite two bones by means of either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

Question 17

Synchondrosis

Answer 17

Consists of two bones jointed by hyaline cartilage where little or no movement occurs

Question 18

Synovial Joints

Answer 18

contain synovial fluid and allow considerable movement between articulating bones

Question 19

Articular Cartilage

Answer 19

a htin layer of hyaline cartilage on the articular suffices of bones within the synovial joints; provides a smooth surface where the bones meet

Question 20

Meniscus

Answer 20

crescent shape; a fibrocartilage pad found in joints such as the knee and wrist

Question 21

Synovial membrane

Answer 21

the joint capsule consists of two layers; this in the inner layer

Question 22

Tendon Sheath

Answer 22

Bursae extension along tendons for some distance

Question 23

Bursitis

Answer 23

inflammation of a bursa, may cause considerable pain around the joint and restrict movement

Question 24

Appositional Growth

Answer 24

to place one layer of bone, cartilage, or other connective tissue against and existing layer

Question 25

Axial Skelton

Answer 25

Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

Question 26

Atlas

Answer 26

C1; allows you to nod yes

Question 27

Axis

Answer 27

C2; Allows you to nod no

Question 28

Bursa (bursae if two)

Answer 28

Closed sac or pocket containing synovial fluid, usually found in areas where friction occurs

Question 29

Carpal

Answer 29

Bone of the wrist

Question 30

Circumduction

Answer 30

movement in a circular movement

Question 31

Clavicle

Answer 31

The collarbone, between the sternum and scapula

Question 32

Compact bone

Answer 32

Bone that is denser and has fewer spaces than cancellous bone

Question 33

Diaphysis

Answer 33

Shaft of long bone

Question 34

Endosteum

Answer 34

Membranous lining of the medullary cavity and the cavities of spongy bone

Question 35

Epiphyseal line

Answer 35

Dense plate of bone in a bone that is no longer growing, indicating the former site of the epiphyseal plate

Question 36

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 36

Site at which bone growth in length occurs; located between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone; area of hyaline cartilage where cartilage growth is followed by endchondral ossification; also called metaphysics or growth plate

Question 37

Epiphysis

Answer 37

Portion of a bone developed from a secondary ossification center and separated from the remainder of the bone by the epiphyseal plate

Question 38

Eversion

Answer 38

Turning outwards

Question 39

Extension

Answer 39

to stretch out

Question 40

Flexion

Answer 40

Bending

Question 41

Foramen;Foramina

Answer 41

Hole

Question 42

Foramen Magnum

Answer 42

Hole; where the spine connects to the head; part of the occipital bone

Question 43

Haversian Canal

Answer 43

named for seventeenth-century English anatomist Clopton Havers; Canal containing blood vessels, nerves, and loose connective tissue and running parallel to the long axis of the bone

Question 44

Hematoporesis/Hemopoiesis

Answer 44

Formation of the formed elements of blood-that is, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Question 45

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 45

Gelatinous, glossy cartilage tissue consisting of cartilage cells and their matrix; contains collagen, proteoglycans, and water

Question 46

Hydroxyaphatite

Answer 46

Mineral of bone and teeth

Question 47

Hyoid Bone

Answer 47

Shaped like the Greek letter E; u shaped bone between the mandible and larynx; when hung this brakes and cuts your airway off

Question 48

Inversion

Answer 48

Turning inwards

Question 49

Medullary Cavity

Answer 49

Large, marrow-filled cavity in the diaphysis of a long bone

Question 50

Nasal Septum

Answer 50

Bony partition that separates the nasal cavity into left and right parts; composed of the vomer, the perpindicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and hyaline cartilage

Question 51

Opposition

Answer 51

Movement of the thumb and little finger toward each other; movement of the the thumb toward any of the fingers

Question 52

Osteoblast

Answer 52

Bone-forming cell

Question 53

Osteoclast

Answer 53

Large, multinucleate cell that absorbs bone

Question 54

Osteocyte

Answer 54

Mature bone cell surrounded by bone matrix

Question 55

Osteomalacia

Answer 55

Softening of bones due to calcium depletion; adult rickets

Question 56

Osteon

Answer 56

Central canal containing blood capillaries and the concentric lamellae around it; occurs in compact bone; also called haversian system

Question 57

Osteoporosis

Answer 57

Reduction in quantity of bone, resulting in pours bone