Study Guide for Intro to HOE and CNA Flashcards
(162 cards)
1
Q
Abduction
A
Movement away from the mid-line
2
Q
Adduction
A
Movement towards the mid-line
3
Q
Abdominal Cavity
A
Begins at the diaphragm (separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity) only protected by muscles. (Gangs used these to kill people) (3 minutes to bleed out)
4
Q
Adult Ratio for CPR
A
30:2
5
Q
Anatomy
A
Study of form and structure (Greek word: to cut up)
6
Q
Biology
A
the science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena, especially with reference to origin, growth, reproduction, structure, and behavior
7
Q
Physiology
A
Study of processes
8
Q
Pathophysiology
A
Study of how diseases affects the body function
9
Q
Cytoplasm
A
The liquid in the cell. Very similar to the plasma in the blood. 90% of water. Protein, carbohydrates, and fats. All catabolic and anabolic reactions go on in the here.
10
Q
Organelles
A
Maintain the life of the cell. Organelles direct activity. Controls the cell.
11
Q
Nucleus
A
The brain of the cell. A jelly like mass. Controls all activities. Cell division
12
Q
Nucleolus
A
Located within the nucleus. Holds the DNA. Copy cells. Produces ribosomes.
13
Q
Chromatin
A
Made out of DNA and protein. When the cells start to divide they form chromosomes
14
Q
Centrosome
A
Located near the center of the cell.Major role during mitosis. Create spindles so you have an equal amount of chromosomes
15
Q
Golgi Apparatus
A
Made out of the membrane like the plasma membrane. They “gift wrap” all the secretions made by the cells.
16
Q
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A
Network that runs from the nucleus to the plasma membrane. Also aids in the synthesis of proteins. Two different kinds of reticulums: Rough (ribosomes) Smooth (no ribosomes and produces fats)
17
Q
Epithelial tissue
A
Repairs its self the quickest; usually found in areas that things need to slide over it. (lining skin, lining of the heart, lining of the bone)
18
Q
Connective tissue
A
All sorts of tissues; used for structure, posture, insulation, and padding. Carriers blood.
19
Q
Muscle Tissue
A
To protect the body. 3 types (Skeletal, myocardium, smooth muscle)
20
Q
Transverse Plane
A
Anything we cut across (top to bottom)
21
Q
Midsagittal Plane
A
Cut in half (right and left)
22
Q
Frontal Plane
A
Front plane
23
Q
Coronal Plane
A
Back plane
24
Q
Anterior & Ventral
A
Front Plane
25
Postural and dorsal
Back Plane
26
Thoracic Cavity
Chest cavity protected by bone and muscle, protected by ribs, houses the hearts, lungs, and great vessels
27
Pelvic Cavity
Sits within the pelvic bone. Protected by bones and muscle. Protects reproduction and bladder.
28
Diaphysis
Shaft or middle part of your long boned
29
Epiphysis
Ends of long bones
30
Yellow Marrow
Allows you to walk, run, and do stuff without injuring the bone
31
Red Marrow
Produces blood cells; stem cells come from here; ends of the long bones and in the flat bones
32
Sinuses
Spaces or caved out areas inside the skull and facial bones (warm, humidify air, lighten load of the skull)
33
Palatine
Bone makeup of roof of your mouth
34
Cervical Vertebrae
(7) in the neck
35
Thoracic Vertebrae
(12) chest, attached to ribs
36
Lumbar Vertebrae
(5) waist
37
Sacral Vertebrae
(1) back of pelvic girdle
38
Conjunctiva
Mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the anterior part of the sclera of the eye
39
Cornea
The transparent section of the sclera; allows light rays to enter the eye
40
Embolus
A blood clot or mass of material circulation in the blood vessels
41
Extension
Increasing the angle between two parts; straightening the limb
42
Flexion
Decreasing the angle between two parts; bending a limb
43
Hemoglobin
The iron-containting protein of the red blood cells; serves to carry oxygen form the lungs to the tissues
44
Iris
Colored portion of the eye; composed of muscular or contractile, tissue that regulates the size of the pupil
45
Joints
An articulation, or area where two bones meet or join
46
Ligaments
Fibrous tissue that connects the bone to bone
47
Neuron
Nerve cell
48
Paraplegia
Paralysis of the lower half of the body
49
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein
50
Pleura
A serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity
51
Quadriplegia
Paralysis below the neck; paralysis of arms and legs
52
Sclera
White outer coat of the eye
53
Tachycarida
Fast, rapid, heart beat; usually more than 100 beats per minute in an adult
54
Tendon
Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bone
55
Varicose Veins
swollen veins
56
Voluntary Muscles
Under one's control; done by one's choice or desire
57
Circulatory System
Cardiovascular system; "transportation"; consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
58
Digestive System
Digests food physically and chemically, transports food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates waste; mouth salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
59
Hemiplegia
Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body
60
Orbital cavity
Holds the eyes
61
Respiratory system
breathes in oxygen and elimates carbon dioxide; nose pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
62
Thrombophlebitis
Thrombus or clot
63
Afferent Nerves
toward the cell
64
Efferent Nerves
away from the cell
65
Basophils
a white blood cell containing basophilic granules that is similar in function to a mast cell
66
Spirituality
The search for meaning in life usually through religion
67
Abuse
An act that causes harm
68
Negligence
Failure to act in a reasonable and caring manner
69
Empathy skills
The ability to understand another's point of view and share in another's feeling or emotions
70
Assault and battery
Physical or verbal attack on another person; treatment or care given to a person without obtaining proper consent; unlawfully touching another person without that person's consent
71
Defamation
Slander or libel; a false statement that causes ridicule or damage to a reputation
72
Epidemiologist
A person that studies the history, cause, and spread of an infectious disease
73
False imprisonment
Restraining an individual or restricting an individual's freedom
74
Libel
False Written statement that causes a persons ridicule or contempt or causes damage to the person's reputation
75
Malpractice
Providing improper or unprofessional treatment or care that results in injury to another person
76
Neurologist
A person that studies the nervous system
77
Slander
Spoken comment that causes a person ridicule or contempt or damages the person's reputation
78
Gynecologist
Someone who treats and diagnose the diseases of female reproductive organs
79
Internist
Someone who treats and diagnose the disease of the internal organs (lungs, heart, glands, intestines, kidneys)
80
Pathologist
Someone who treats and diagnose the disease by studying changes in organs, tissues, and cells
81
Pediatrician
Someone who treats and diagnose the disease and disorders of children
82
Medical (clinical) laboratory technologist
Work under hte supervision of doctors called pathologists
83
Withdrawal
Stopping extracurricular activities
84
HIPAA
Health; Insurance; Portability; Accountability; Act; set of federal regulations adopted to protect the confidentiality of patient information and the ability to retain health insurance coverage
85
Color of blood
Red; because it is oxygen
86
Tact
Sense of what to do or say in order to maintain good relations with others and avoid offense
87
Communication skills
Perceptions, values, emotions, sociocultural, knowledge, roles and relationships, environment setting
88
Signs of abuse
Fractures that are old and have healed without medication, welts, bruises, abrasions, anti-social towards staff, answer with a yes or a no, and they like the door open all the time
89
Compensation
Helping people by giving them equal stuff
90
Ombudsman
a government official who hears and investigates complaints by private citizens against other officials or government agencies.
91
Patient advocate
Someone who advocates for the patient
92
Antisepsis
Aseptic control that inhibits, retards growth of, or kills pathogenic organisms; not effective against spores and viruses
93
Body mechanics
The way in which the body moves and maintains balance; proper body mechanics involves the most efficient use of all body parts
94
Function of bile
Liver secretion that is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder; aids in the emulsification of fats during digestion
95
Ergonomics are what
An applied science used to promote the safety and well-being of a person by adapting the environment and using techniques to prevent injuries
96
Fungi
Group of simple, plantlike animals that live on dead organic matter (yeast and molds)
97
Protozoa
Microscopic, one-celled animals often found in decayed materials and contaminated water
98
Mental Development
Mental development is mind development
99
Rickettsiae
Parasitic microorganisms that live on other living organisms
100
Viruses
microorganisms, many of which cause disease
101
OSHA regulations
Occupational Safety and Health Administration; a division of the Department of Labor that establishes safety standards
102
Acceleration
A chemical substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction; a catalyst
103
Adipose tissue
Fatty tissue; fat
104
Amino acids are made of
Proteins
105
Anemia
Disease caused by lack of blood or an insufficient number of red blood cells
106
Arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
107
Barthollin's glands
Two small mucous glands near the vaginal opening
108
Bias
A preference that inhibits impartial judgement
109
Brachial pulse site
Pertaining to the brachial artery in the arm, which is used to measure blood pressure
110
Characteristic of Culture
Values, beliefs, ideas, customs, and characteristics passed from one generation to the next
111
Computerized tomography (CT)
A scanning and detection system that uses a minicomputer and display screen to visualize an internal portion of the human body; formerly known as a CAT Scan
112
Afebrile
Without a fever
113
Cyanosis
Bluish color of the skin nail beds, and or lips due to an insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood
114
Capillary
Tiny blood vessel that connect arterioles and venules and allows for exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and the body cells
115
Edema
Swelling; excess amount of fluid in the tissues
116
Bradycardia
Slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute
117
Dehydration
Insufficient amounts of fluid in the tissues
118
Diaphoresis
Profuse or excessive perspiration, or sweating
119
Dyspena
Difficult or labored breathing
120
Homeostasis
A constant state of natural balance within the body
121
Hyperthermia
Condition that occurs when body temperature exceeds 104 degrees
122
Hypothermia
Condition in which body temperature is below normal, usually below 95 degrees, often 78-95 degrees
123
Pyrexia
Fever
124
Veins
Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
125
Vertigo
Sensation of dizziness
126
Vital signs
Determination that provide information about body conditions; include temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure
127
Wellness
State of being in good health
128
Delirium
Acute, reversible mental confusion caused by an illness, medical problems, and or medication
129
Cowper's glands
The pair of small mucous glands near the male urethra
130
Displacement
Defense mechanism in which feelings about one person are transferred to someone else
131
Endometrium
Mucous membrane lining of the inner surface of the uterus
132
Esophagus
Tube that extends from the pharynx to the stomach
133
Ethnicity
Classification of people base on national origin and or culture
134
Ethnocentric
Belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
135
Eustachian tube
Tube that connects the middle ear and te pharynx, or throat
136
Subjective Observation
An observation abou a patient htat is felt by the patient but cannot be seen, palpated, or measure; commonly called a symptom
137
Fascia
Fibrous membrane covering, supporting, and seperating muscles
138
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
139
Foramina
A passage or opening a hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass
140
Cerebellum
The section of the rain that is dorsal to the pon and medulla oblongata; maintains balance and equilibrium
141
Cerebrum
Largest section of the brain; involved in sensory interpretation and voluntary muscle activity
142
Ejaculatory duct
In the male, duct or tube from the seminal vesicle to the urethra
143
Epididymis
Connects the testes with the vas or ductus deferens
144
Medulla oblongata
The lower part of the brainstem; contorls vital processes such as respiration and heart beat
145
Midbrain
That portion of the brain that connects the pons and cerbellum; relay center for impulses
146
Pons *
That portion of the brainstem that connects the medulla oblongata and cerbellum to the upper portions of the brain
147
Seminal vesicle
Secretes thick, viscous fluid for semen
148
Vas deferens
The tube that carries sprem and semen from the epididymis to the ejaculatroy duct in the male body
149
Leukocyte *
White blood cells
150
Large intestine
Gets rid of waste
151
Parasympathetic *
A division of the autonomic nervous system
152
Sympathetic
A division of the autonomic nervous system that allows the body to respond to emergencies and stress; also,, to understand and attempt to solve the problems of another
153
Thombocyte
Blood cell required for clotting of the blood
154
Gerontologist
The study of aged or old age and treatment of related disease and conditions
155
Competence
Able, capable
156
Dependable
Capable of being relied on; trust worthy
157
Responsibility
Being held accountable for actions or behaviors; willing to meet obligations
158
Self-motivation
Ability to begin or to follow through with a talk without the assistance of others
159
Labia Majora
Two large folds of adipose tissue lying on each side of the vulva in the female; hairy outer lips
160
Labia Minora
Tow folds of membrane lying inside the labia majora; hairless inner lips
161
Magnetic resonance imagining (MRI)
Process that uses a computer and magnetic forces, instead of X-Rays, to visualize internal organs
162
Matriarchal Family
Social organization in which the mother or oldest woman is the authority figure
