Flashcards in Skeleton Deck (21)
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1
Bone tissue that contains few spaces between osteons (haversian systems); forms the external portion of all bones and the bulk of the diaphysis (shaft) of long bones; is found immediately deep to the periosteum and external to spongy bone.
Compact bone tissue
2
Bone tissue that consists of an irregular latticework of thin plates of bone called trabeculae; spaces between trabeculae of some bones are filled with red bone marrow; found inside short, flat, and irregular bones and in the epiphyses (ends) of long bones.
Spongy bone tissue
3
The shaft of a long bone.
Diaphysis
4
The end of a long bone, usually larger in diameter than the shaft (diaphysis).
Epiphysis
5
The membrane that lines the medullary (marrow) cavity of bones, consisting of osteogenic cells and scattered osteoclasts.
Endosteum
6
The remnant of the epiphyseal plate in the metaphysis of a long bone.
Epiphyseal line
7
The hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis of a long bone; site of lengthwise growth of long bones.
Epiphyseal plate
8
The space within the diaphysis of a bone that contains yellow bone marrow.
Medullary cavity
9
Stem cell derived from mesenchyme that has mitotic potential and the ability to differentiate into an osteoblast.
Osteogenic cells
10
The basic unit of structure in adult compact bone, consisting of a central (haversian) canal with its concentrically arranged lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes, and canaliculi.
Osteons
11
The membrane that covers bone and consists of connective tissue, osteogenic cells, and osteoblasts; is essential for bone growth, repair, and nutrition.
Periosteum
12
A highly vascularized connective tissue located in microscopic species between trabeculae of spongy bone tissue.
Red bone marrow
13
Irregular latticework of thin plates of spongy bone tissue. Fibrous cord of connective tissue serving as supporting fiber by forming a septum extending into an organ from its wall or capsule.
Trabeculae
14
A joint; a point of contact between bones; cartilage and bones, or teeth and bones.
Articulation
15
A fully movable or diarthrotic joint in which a synovial (joint) cavity is present between the two articulating bones.
Synovial joint
16
A synovial joint in which the rounded surface of one bone moves within a cup-shaped depression or socket of another bone, as in the shoulder or hip joint. Also called a spheroid joint.
Ball-and-socket joint
17
A joint without a synovial (joint) cavity where the articulating bones are held tightly together by cartilage, allowing little or no movement.
Cartilaginous joint
18
A joint that allows little or no movement, such as a suture, syndesmosis, or interosseous membrane.
Fibrous joints
19
A synovial joint in which a convex surface of one bone fits into a concave surface of another bone, such as the elbow, knee, ankle, and interphalangeal joints. Also called a ginglymus joint.
Hinge joint
20
A synovial joint in which a rounded, pointed, or conical surface of one bone articulates with a ring formed partly by another bone and partly by a ligament, as in the joint between the atlas and axis and between the proximal ends of the radius and ulna. Also called a trochoid joint.
Pivot joint
21
