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FA flashCards > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Name the epidermal layer which is most prominent in palms and soles

A

Stratum lucidum

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2
Q

Name the epidermal layer which show desmosomes

A

Stratum spinosum

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3
Q

Name epithelial cell junction which connects keratin in basal cells to underlying basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosome

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4
Q

Name the dermatologic lesion seen in eczema, psoriasis and SCC

A

Scale ( flaking off of stratum corneum)

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5
Q

Eczematous dermatitis shows which dermatologic microscopic lesion

A

Spongiosis ( epidermal accumulation of Edematous fluid in intracellular spaces)

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6
Q

Name the condition shows hypergranulosis (increase thickness of stratum granulosum)

A

Lichen planus

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7
Q

Name the condition which is associated with Parkinson disease

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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8
Q

Presentation of seborrheic dermatitis

A

Red plaque with greasy yellow scales in areas rich in sebaceous glands viz scalp, face and periocular region

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9
Q

What is Feckles (Ephelides)?

A

Increase in melanin production by melanocytes

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10
Q

Important point

A

Steroid therapy for atopic dermatitis cause atrophy or thinning of that dermis

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11
Q

How atopic dermatitis occurs?

A

Mutations in filaggrin gene predispose via skin barrier dysfunction

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12
Q

Presentation of atopic dermatitis

A

Itching eruption on skin flexures associated with other allergic disorders

-Sites are face in infancy and antecubital fossa in kids and adults

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13
Q

Important point

A

Junctional nevi are flat macules

Intradermal nevi are papular

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14
Q

Name the condition occur as a result of shaving

A

Pseudo folliculitis barbae

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15
Q

Presentation of Pseudo folliculitis barbae

A

Hyper pigmented papules And pustules located on cheeks, jawline and neck common in African American males

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16
Q

Important points of psoriasis

A

Munro microabscess

Increase Stratum spinosum and decrease stratum granulosum

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17
Q

Presentation of Rosacea

A

Facial flushing due to external stimuli like alcohol and heat

Red plaques and pustules w/o comedones

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18
Q

Name the sites of angiosarcoma (Stewart treves Syndrome)

A

Head Neck and breast

Associated with radiation therapy and chronic post mastectomy lymphedema

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19
Q

Name the vascular tumors of skin in kids

A

Strawberry hemangioma

First increase in size and then regress

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20
Q

Name the vascular tumors of skin in adults

A

Cherry hemangioma

Doesn’t regress

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21
Q

Name the vascular tumor of skin Arise from modified smooth muscles cells of the thermaregulatory glomus body

A

Glomus tumor (benign painful red blue tumor)

Site under finger nails

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22
Q

Name the vascular tumor of skin associated with trauma and pregnancy

A

Pyogenic granuloma shows polypoid lobulated capillary hemangioma

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23
Q

What is the cause of bullous impetigo?

A

S aureus

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24
Q

What parts of skin affect from erysipelas and name the cause of it?

A

Upper dermis and superficial lymphatics

And S pyogenes

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25
Q

What parts of skin affect from cellulitis?

A

Deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissue

26
Q

Which layer get affected from Ssss?

A

Stratum granulosum

27
Q

What is panniculitis?

A

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat seen in erythema nodosum

28
Q

Important point of lichen planus

A

Sawtooth infiltrate Of lymphocytes at dermal epidermal junction

29
Q

What is the cause of bullous impetigo?

A

S aureus

30
Q

What parts of skin affect from erysipelas and name the cause of it?

A

Upper dermis and superficial lymphatics

And S pyogenes

31
Q

What parts of skin affect from cellulitis?

A

Deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissue

32
Q

Which layer get affected from Ssss?

A

Stratum granulosum

33
Q

What is panniculitis?

A

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat seen in erythema nodosum

34
Q

Important point of lichen planus

A

Sawtooth infiltrate Of lymphocytes at dermal epidermal junction

35
Q

Important point

A

In chronic kidney disease (eg, diabetic nephropathy), decrease intraglomerular pressure, slowing GBM thickening.

36
Q

Structures perforating diaphragm: Number of letters = T level: • At TS: IVC, right phrenic nerve • At TIO: esophagus, vagus (CN IO; 2 trunks) • At Tl2: aorta (red), thoracic duct (white), azygos vein (blue) (“At T-1-2 it’s the red, white, and blue”)

A

Structures perforating diaphragm: Number of letters = T level: • At TS: IVC, right phrenic nerve • At TIO: esophagus, vagus (CN IO; 2 trunks) • At Tl2: aorta (red), thoracic duct (white), azygos vein (blue) (“At T-1-2 it’s the red, white, and blue”)

37
Q

HARDASS

A 
H= Hyperalimentation
A= Addison disease 
R= renal tubular acidosis 
D= diarrhoea 
A= acetozolamide 
S= spirnolactone 
S= saline infusion
38
Q

Root value of ilohypogastric

A

T12-L1

39
Q

Root value of gentifemoral nerve

A

L1-L2

40
Q

Root value of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

L2-L3

41
Q

Root value of obturator and femoral nerve

A

L2-L4

42
Q

Root value of sciatic nerve and tibial

A

L4-S3

43
Q

Root value of common peroneal nerve

A

L4-S2

44
Q

Root value of superior and inferior gluteal nerve

A

L4-S1

L5-S2

45
Q

Abductors Of hip

Butts

A

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

46
Q

Flexors Of hip

TRIPS

A

Iliopsoas,

rectus femoris,

tensor fascia lata,

pectineus,

sartorius

47
Q

Internal rotators Of hip

A

Gluteus medius,
gluteus minimus,
tensor fascia latae

48
Q

External rotators Of hip

A

Iliopsoas,
gluteus maximus,
piriformis,
obturator

49
Q

Name the alkylating agent of chemotherapy

A

Alkylating agents:

Busulfan

Cyclophosphamide lfosfamide

Nitrosoureas (eg. carmustine)

50
Q

Name the anti metabolites agent of chemotherapy

A

Antimetabotites —-~

Azathioprine
Cladribine

Cytarabine
5-fluorouracil

Hydroxyurea
Methotrexate

6-mercaptopurine

51
Q

Important point

A

Alkylating agents. platinum agents: (cross-link DNA)

Bleomycin: (DNA strand breakage)

Dactinomycin. doxorubicin: (DNA intercalators)

52
Q

Name the chemotherapy which is given in childhood tumors

A

Dactinomycin (actinomycin D)

53
Q

Name the chemotherapy given in brain tumors

A

Nitrosoureas (eg, carmustine, lomustine)

54
Q

Name the chemotherapy which -ve proteasome

A

Bortezomib,

carfilzomib

55
Q

Name the chemotherapy which reactivate herpes zoster

A

Bortezomib,

carfilzomib

56
Q

Name the drugs which decrease production of aqueous humour

“BAD”

A

Timolol, betaxolol, carteolol (Beta Blocker)

Epinephrine (a1}, apraclonidine, brimonidine (a2) (Alpha Agonist)

Acetazolamide (Diuretic)

57
Q

Name the drugs which increase outflow of aqueous humour

A

Prostaglandins::: increase via by decrease the resistance flow through uveoscleral pathway

Cholinergic agonist::: increases outflow of aqueous humor via contraction of ciliary muscle and opening of trabecular meshwork

58
Q

Important point very important point

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs:::

  • There action can’t be neutralised in phase 1 though Block potentiated by cholinesterase inhibitors
  • *But in phase 2 blockade can be reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors.

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs :::
**Reversal of blockade-neostigmine (must be given with atropine or glycopyrrolate to prevent muscarinic effects such as bradycardia), edrophonium, and other cholinesterase inhibitors.

59
Q

Name the IV anaesthetic which facilitates And potentiate GABA(a)

A

Facilitate:::
-Thiopental / Midazolam

Potentiate:::
-Propofol (Rapid anesthesia induction**)

60
Q

Important point

A

Order of loss: (I) pain, (2) temperature, (3) touch, (4) pressure in local anaesthesia

FA flashCards (6 decks)

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