Skin

Question 1

Name the epidermal layer which is most prominent in palms and soles

Answer 1

Stratum lucidum

Question 2

Name the epidermal layer which show desmosomes

Answer 2

Stratum spinosum

Question 3

Name epithelial cell junction which connects keratin in basal cells to underlying basement membrane

Answer 3

Hemidesmosome

Question 4

Name the dermatologic lesion seen in eczema, psoriasis and SCC

Answer 4

Scale ( flaking off of stratum corneum)

Question 5

Eczematous dermatitis shows which dermatologic microscopic lesion

Answer 5

Spongiosis ( epidermal accumulation of Edematous fluid in intracellular spaces)

Question 6

Name the condition shows hypergranulosis (increase thickness of stratum granulosum)

Answer 6

Lichen planus

Question 7

Name the condition which is associated with Parkinson disease

Answer 7

Seborrheic dermatitis

Question 8

Presentation of seborrheic dermatitis

Answer 8

Red plaque with greasy yellow scales in areas rich in sebaceous glands viz scalp, face and periocular region

Question 9

What is Feckles (Ephelides)?

Answer 9

Increase in melanin production by melanocytes

Question 10

Important point

Answer 10

Steroid therapy for atopic dermatitis cause atrophy or thinning of that dermis

Question 11

How atopic dermatitis occurs?

Answer 11

Mutations in filaggrin gene predispose via skin barrier dysfunction

Question 12

Presentation of atopic dermatitis

Answer 12

Itching eruption on skin flexures associated with other allergic disorders

-Sites are face in infancy and antecubital fossa in kids and adults

Question 13

Important point

Answer 13

Junctional nevi are flat macules

Intradermal nevi are papular

Question 14

Name the condition occur as a result of shaving

Answer 14

Pseudo folliculitis barbae

Question 15

Presentation of Pseudo folliculitis barbae

Answer 15

Hyper pigmented papules And pustules located on cheeks, jawline and neck common in African American males

Question 16

Important points of psoriasis

Answer 16

Munro microabscess

Increase Stratum spinosum and decrease stratum granulosum

Question 17

Presentation of Rosacea

Answer 17

Facial flushing due to external stimuli like alcohol and heat

Red plaques and pustules w/o comedones

Question 18

Name the sites of angiosarcoma (Stewart treves Syndrome)

Answer 18

Head Neck and breast

Associated with radiation therapy and chronic post mastectomy lymphedema

Question 19

Name the vascular tumors of skin in kids

Answer 19

Strawberry hemangioma

First increase in size and then regress

Question 20

Name the vascular tumors of skin in adults

Answer 20

Cherry hemangioma

Doesn’t regress

Question 21

Name the vascular tumor of skin Arise from modified smooth muscles cells of the thermaregulatory glomus body

Answer 21

Glomus tumor (benign painful red blue tumor)

Site under finger nails

Question 22

Name the vascular tumor of skin associated with trauma and pregnancy

Answer 22

Pyogenic granuloma shows polypoid lobulated capillary hemangioma

Question 23

What is the cause of bullous impetigo?

Answer 23

S aureus

Question 24

What parts of skin affect from erysipelas and name the cause of it?

Answer 24

Upper dermis and superficial lymphatics

And S pyogenes

Question 25

What parts of skin affect from cellulitis?

Answer 25

Deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissue

Question 26

Which layer get affected from Ssss?

Answer 26

Stratum granulosum

Question 27

What is panniculitis?

Answer 27

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat seen in erythema nodosum

Question 28

Important point of lichen planus

Answer 28

Sawtooth infiltrate Of lymphocytes at dermal epidermal junction

Question 29

What is the cause of bullous impetigo?

Answer 29

S aureus

Question 30

What parts of skin affect from erysipelas and name the cause of it?

Answer 30

Upper dermis and superficial lymphatics And S pyogenes

Question 31

What parts of skin affect from cellulitis?

Answer 31

Deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissue

Question 32

Which layer get affected from Ssss?

Answer 32

Stratum granulosum

Question 33

What is panniculitis?

Answer 33

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat seen in erythema nodosum

Question 34

Important point of lichen planus

Answer 34

Sawtooth infiltrate Of lymphocytes at dermal epidermal junction

Question 35

Important point

Answer 35

In chronic kidney disease (eg, diabetic nephropathy), decrease intraglomerular pressure, slowing GBM thickening.

Question 36

Structures perforating diaphragm: Number of letters = T level: • At TS: IVC, right phrenic nerve • At TIO: esophagus, vagus (CN IO; 2 trunks) • At Tl2: aorta (red), thoracic duct (white), azygos vein (blue) ("At T-1-2 it's the red, white, and blue")

Answer 36

Structures perforating diaphragm: Number of letters = T level: • At TS: IVC, right phrenic nerve • At TIO: esophagus, vagus (CN IO; 2 trunks) • At Tl2: aorta (red), thoracic duct (white), azygos vein (blue) ("At T-1-2 it's the red, white, and blue")

Question 37

HARDASS

Answer 37

``` H= Hyperalimentation A= Addison disease R= renal tubular acidosis D= diarrhoea ``` ``` A= acetozolamide S= spirnolactone S= saline infusion ```

Question 38

Root value of ilohypogastric

Answer 38

T12-L1

Question 39

Root value of gentifemoral nerve

Answer 39

L1-L2

Question 40

Root value of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer 40

L2-L3

Question 41

Root value of obturator and femoral nerve

Answer 41

L2-L4

Question 42

Root value of sciatic nerve and tibial

Answer 42

L4-S3

Question 43

Root value of common peroneal nerve

Answer 43

L4-S2

Question 44

Root value of superior and inferior gluteal nerve

Answer 44

L4-S1 | L5-S2

Question 45

Abductors Of hip | Butts

Answer 45

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

Question 46

Flexors Of hip TRIPS

Answer 46

Iliopsoas, rectus femoris, tensor fascia lata, pectineus, sartorius

Question 47

Internal rotators Of hip

Answer 47

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia latae

Question 48

External rotators Of hip

Answer 48

Iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator

Question 49

Name the alkylating agent of chemotherapy

Answer 49

Alkylating agents: Busulfan Cyclophosphamide lfosfamide Nitrosoureas (eg. carmustine)

Question 50

Name the anti metabolites agent of chemotherapy

Answer 50

Antimetabotites ----~ Azathioprine Cladribine Cytarabine 5-fluorouracil Hydroxyurea Methotrexate 6-mercaptopurine

Question 51

Important point

Answer 51

Alkylating agents. platinum agents: (cross-link DNA) Bleomycin: (DNA strand breakage) Dactinomycin. doxorubicin: (DNA intercalators)

Question 52

Name the chemotherapy which is given in childhood tumors

Answer 52

Dactinomycin (actinomycin D)

Question 53

Name the chemotherapy given in brain tumors

Answer 53

Nitrosoureas (eg, carmustine, lomustine)

Question 54

Name the chemotherapy which -ve proteasome

Answer 54

Bortezomib, carfilzomib

Question 55

Name the chemotherapy which reactivate herpes zoster

Answer 55

Bortezomib, carfilzomib

Question 56

Name the drugs which decrease production of aqueous humour “BAD”

Answer 56

Timolol, betaxolol, carteolol (Beta Blocker) Epinephrine (a1}, apraclonidine, brimonidine (a2) (Alpha Agonist) Acetazolamide (Diuretic)

Question 57

Name the drugs which increase outflow of aqueous humour

Answer 57

Prostaglandins::: increase via by decrease the resistance flow through uveoscleral pathway Cholinergic agonist::: increases outflow of aqueous humor via contraction of ciliary muscle and opening of trabecular meshwork

Question 58

Important point very important point

Answer 58

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs::: - There action can’t be neutralised in phase 1 though Block potentiated by cholinesterase inhibitors * *But in phase 2 blockade can be reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors. Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs ::: **Reversal of blockade-neostigmine (must be given with atropine or glycopyrrolate to prevent muscarinic effects such as bradycardia), edrophonium, and other cholinesterase inhibitors.

Question 59

Name the IV anaesthetic which facilitates And potentiate GABA(a)

Answer 59

Facilitate::: -Thiopental / Midazolam Potentiate::: -Propofol (Rapid anesthesia induction**)

Question 60

Important point

Answer 60

Order of loss: (I) pain, (2) temperature, (3) touch, (4) pressure in local anaesthesia