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Anatomy - Review > Skull > Flashcards

Skull Flashcards

0
Q

Unpaired cranial bones

A

Frontal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones

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1
Q

Paired part of the cranial bones

A

Parietal and temporal bones

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2
Q

Unpaired facial bones

A

Vomer and mandible bones

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3
Q

Six Paired facial bones

A

Palatine, lacrimal, maxilla, nasal, inferior nasal concha and zygomatic bones

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4
Q

Point and articulation of frontal, parietal, temporal and great wing of sphenoid is called

A

Pterion

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5
Q

Gaping wound: Galea aponeurotica = infection: ?

A

Loose areolar connective tissue

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6
Q

Epidural / Extradural hematoma result from laceration of what artery?

A

Middle meningeal artery

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7
Q

Middle meningeal artery laceration usually results from what part of the skull?

A

Pterion

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8
Q

Skull fracture that may cause blood or CSF to escape from the ear. Results to hearing loss and facial nerve damage

A

Petrous portion of the Temporal bone - internal acoustic meatus. CN VII and CN VIII

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9
Q

Fracture of this skull fossa - results to anosmia, periorbital bruising/ raccoon eyes and CSF leakage from the nose and Rhinorrhea

A

Anterior Cranial Fossa fracture

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10
Q

Horizontal maxillae fracture that passes through the superior orbital fissures, ethmoid and nasal extending to greater wing of sphenoid; maxillae and zygomatic separated from cranium

A

Le Fort III

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11
Q

Horizontal maxillary fracture superior to the maxillary alveolar process

A

Le Fort I

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12
Q

Maxillary fracture that involves the posterolateral parts of maxillary sinus, central part of the face separated from cranium

A

Le Fort II

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13
Q

Layers of the SCALP:

A 
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica)
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium/Periosteum
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14
Q

Layer of the scalp: allows free movement of the scalp proper

A

Loose connective tissue

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15
Q

Layer of the scalp: tendinous sheet covering the calvaria

A

Galea aponeurotica

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16
Q

Layer of the scalp: emissary veins are found

A

Loose connective tissue

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17
Q

Craniosynostosis: premature closure of sagittal suture; frontal and occipital expansion; long and narrow skull

A

Scaphocephaly

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18
Q

Craniosynostosis: premature closure of coronal and lambdoid sutures on one side of the skull

A

Plagiocephaly

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19
Q

Craniosynostosis: premature closure of Coronal suture, short, high skull, TOWER sKull

A

Oxycephaly/Acrocephaly

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20
Q

Three primary brain vesicles

A

Forebrain/Prosencephalon
Midbrain/Mesencephalon
Hindbrain/Rhombencephalon

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21
Q

At 5th week of development: Prosencephalon divides into?

A

Telencephalon and Diencephalon

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22
Q

At 5th week of development: Rhombencephalon divides into?

A

Metencephalon and Myelencephalon

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23
Q

Telencephalon=Cerebrum then Diencephalon= ?

A

Thalamus

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24
Pond, Cerebellum = Metencephalon then Medulla = ?
Myelencephalon
25
Midbrain is from what primary and secondary derivative?
Mesencephalon - no division
26
Neural tube differentiates into the CNS, while Neural crest gives rise to cells that forms?
PNS and ANS; cranial, spinal and autonomic ganglia
27
Neural tube defects is a defective closure of the neural tube at what week?
4th week - Folic acid/Folate reduces the incidence of NTD's (400mg)
28
Anatomical level: Cerebrum, basal ganglia, thalamus and hypothalamus, CN I and CN II
Supratentorial level
29
Anatomical level: Spinal nerves and their peripheral branches
Peripheral level
30
Anatomical level: CN III to CN XII
Infratentorial level
31
Anatomical level: spinal cord
Spinal level
32
Anatomical level: Cerebellum, Brainstem
Infratentorial level - brainstem is a collective term form for midbrain, pons and medulla oblingata
33
Three protective membranes or meninges of the brain and spinal cord
Dura mater Arachnoid mater Pia mater
34
Layer of the Dura mater: dura mater proper, covering the brain and is continuous through the foramen magnum with the dura mater of the spinal cord
Meningeal Layer
35
Layer of the dura mater: periosteum covering the inner surface of the skull bones
Endosteal layer
36
Sickle-shaped fold of the dura mater that lies in the midline between two cerebral hemispheres.
Falx cerebri - narrow anterior end is attached to the frontal crest and crista galli
37
Small, circular fold of Dura mater that forms the roof for the Sella turcica
Diaphragma Sella
38
Small, sickle - shaped fold of Dura mater attached to the internal occipital crest and projects forward between the two cerebellar hemispheres
Falx cerebelli
39
Cresent-shaped fold of Dura mater that roofs over the posterior cranial fossa
Tentorium cerebelli - covers the upper surface of the cerebellum and supports the Occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres
40
Dura above the tentorium is innervated by what? Headache is referred to the forehead and face
Trigeminal nerve
41
Cervical nerves innervates the dura below the tentorium. Headache is referred to the ___
Back of the head and neck
42
Potential space that separates the dura from arachnoid mater
Subdural space
43
Space that separates the pia mater with the arachnoid mater
Subarachnoid space - which is filled with cerebrospinal fluid/CSF
44
Motor area;seat of mental activities = frontal lobe then somesthetic area = ____ lobe
Parietal lobe
45
Hearing center: Temporal lobe = Occipital lobe: ?
Visual center
46
Broadmann's area: 4 refers to?
Primary motor area/ pre-central gyrus
47
Broadmann's area: 3, 1, 2 refers to ?
Primary somesthetic area/ post-central gyrus
48
Primary visual area refers to what Broadmann's classification?
Broadmann's area 17
49
Primary auditory area is also Broadmann's?
Broadmann's area 41, 42
50
Broadmann's area 44 and 45 refers to?
Broca's area - inferior frontal area
51
Lesion on Broadmann's area 44, and 45 results to?
Motor aphasia - Broca's area
52
Broadmann's area: 22 refers to ?
Wernicke's area - result to sensory aphasia (superior temporal gyrus)
53
It refer to the primary auditory cortex
Heschl's gyrus
54
Pyramidal system provides voluntary control of skeletal muscles. It is consists of?
Corticobulbar Lateral corticospinal Anterior corticospinal
55
The pyramidal decussation of the Corticospinal tract is?
Lower medulla
56
Patient experienced flaccid paralysis, atrophy and fasciculations with decreased muscle tone. What type of motor neuron lesion?
LMNL
57
Spastic paralysis, (+) clonus and pathologic response with increased muscle tone refers to____
Upper motor neuron lesion
58
Paleocerebellum/Spinocerebellum refers to the ____ lobe of the cerebellum
Anterior lobe
59
Neocerebellum/Cerebrocerebellum - refers to the ___ lobe of the cerebellum
Posterior lobe - cerebral cortex
60
Archicerebellum/Vestibulocerebellum: is the ____ lobe of cerebellum; also the smallest lobe
Floculonodular lobe - vestibular apparatus
61
Lobe of the cerebellum for coordination of voluntary movements
Posterior lobe
62
Lobe of the cerebellum maintain coordination of limb movements while the movements are being executed, regulation of muscle tone
Anterior lobe
63
Lobe of the cerebellum responsible for coordination of the paraxial muscles associated withequilibrium
Flocculonodular lobe
64
Presents with Ataxia resulting to intention tremor, dysmetria and dysdiadokinesia
Posterior lobe syndrome
65
Presents with loss of coordination chiefly in the lower limbs, marked gait instability
Anterior lobe syndrome
66
Presents with truncal ataxia
Flocculonodular lobe syndrome

Anatomy - Review (3 decks)

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