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Small Animal Parasites Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

What are the three species of Ancylostoma?

A
  • Ancylostoma caninum
  • Ancylostoma tubaeforme
  • Ancylostoma braziliense

Ancylostoma caninum affects canines, Ancylostoma tubaeforme affects felines, and Ancylostoma braziliense affects both canines and felines.

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2
Q

Where do hookworms primarily attach in the host?

A

Small intestine

Hookworms attach to the mucosa of the small intestine.

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3
Q

What is the prepatent period for Aelurostrongylus abstrusus?

A

Approximately 30 days

The prepatent period is the time from infection to the time when the parasite can be detected.

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4
Q

What is the characteristic shape of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus larvae?

A

‘S’ shape bend with dorsal spine

This shape helps in identifying the larvae during diagnosis.

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5
Q

What is the primary intermediate host for Dirofilaria immitis?

A

Mosquito

More than 30 species of mosquitoes can act as intermediate hosts for heartworms.

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6
Q

What diagnostic methods are used for identifying Dirofilaria immitis?

A
  • Microfilariae identification
  • Blood-saline prep
  • Hematocrit tube test
  • Buffy coat evaluation
  • Modified Knott’s test

Each method helps detect the presence of microfilariae in the blood.

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7
Q

What is the transmission route for Aelurostrongylus abstrusus?

A

Ingestion of larva

Larvae are often ingested through intermediate hosts like snails or slugs.

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8
Q

What is the location of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in the host?

A

Bronchioles / alveolar ducts

This is where the larvae mature into adults.

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9
Q

What is the primary location of Oslerus spp. in canines?

A

Trachea / bronchioles / lung

Oslerus spp. can cause respiratory issues in infected animals.

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10
Q

True or False: Thelazia californiensis can infect humans.

A

True

Thelazia californiensis is known to infect various animals, including humans.

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11
Q

What are the two species of Pearsonema affecting canines and felines?

A
  • Pearsonema plica (canine)
  • Pearsonema feliscati (feline)

These bladder worms are specific to their respective hosts.

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12
Q

What is the prepatent period for Dioctophyma renale?

A

Approximately 18 weeks

This is the time it takes for the kidney worm to become detectable after infection.

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13
Q

Where does Dirofilaria immitis primarily reside in the host?

A

Right ventricle / pulmonary arteries

This location is crucial for the reproductive cycle of heartworms.

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14
Q

What is the life cycle of Trichuris vulpis?

A
  • Adult in cecum / colon
  • Eggs passed every 3 days
  • Eggs ingested
  • Hatches in intestines
  • Matures in cecum / colon

Trichuris vulpis is a whipworm that can cause significant gastrointestinal issues.

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15
Q

What is a zoonotic potential of Toxocara canis?

A

Visceral larval migrans

Humans can be aberrant hosts, leading to serious health issues.

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16
Q

What distinguishes Toxascaris leonina from Toxocara species?

A
  • No transplacental transmission
  • No transmammary transmission

Toxascaris leonina does not have the same transmission routes as Toxocara.

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17
Q

What is the main diagnostic method for Strongyloides stercoralis?

A

Fecal flotation

This method helps identify the presence of larvae in the feces.

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18
Q

What is the potential zoonotic disease caused by Ancylostoma braziliense?

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A

Cutaneous larval migrans

This condition results from skin penetration by the larvae.

19
Q

What are the intermediate hosts for Echinococcus spp.?

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A
  • Rodents
  • Canines
  • Felines

Echinococcus has a complex life cycle involving multiple hosts.

20
Q

Which nematode is known as the largest parasitic nematode?

Study These Flashcards
A

Dioctophyma renale

This kidney worm can grow to significant lengths within its host.

21
Q

What is the prepatent period for whipworms?

Study These Flashcards
A

Variable, depending on species

Whipworms can have different prepatent periods based on environmental conditions.

22
Q

What are the key features of Strongyloides stercoralis?

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A
  • Larvated eggs produced
  • Parthenogenesis in females
  • Free-living males

This nematode has unique reproductive strategies.

23
Q

What is the primary location of Toxocara cati in the feline host?

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A

Small intestine

Toxocara cati can also be found in the stomach and various tissues.

24
Q

Fill in the blank: The life cycle of Dirofilaria immitis involves a prepatent period of _______ months.

Study These Flashcards
A

6 months

This prepatent period is crucial for diagnosing heartworm disease.

25
What is a common diagnostic feature of whipworms in fecal samples?
Longer-term flotation due to poor buoyancy ## Footnote Whipworm eggs do not float as easily as other parasite eggs.
26
Where do Eucoleus spp. larvae migrate after hatching?
To lungs and then to large airways ## Footnote This migration is part of their life cycle.
27
What is the definitive host for Diphylobothrium latum?
Canine, feline, human ## Footnote Diphylobothrium latum is a type of pseudotapeworm.
28
What are the two intermediate hosts for Diphylobothrium latum?
* Aquatic crustacean * Fish ## Footnote These hosts are crucial for the indirect life cycle of the parasite.
29
What type of eggs does Diphylobothrium latum pass?
Unembryonated eggs ## Footnote These eggs become embryonated in the environment.
30
What is the larval stage of Diphylobothrium latum that develops in copepods?
Procercoid ## Footnote This stage is crucial for the lifecycle transition from crustaceans to fish.
31
What type of egg is associated with Echinococcus multilocularis?
Operculated egg ## Footnote This egg type resembles fluke eggs.
32
What is the definitive host for Echinococcus multilocularis?
Feline, fox ## Footnote This tapeworm has a significant zoonotic potential.
33
What is a characteristic of the hydatid cyst formed by Echinococcus multilocularis?
Multilocular ## Footnote This cyst contains multiple protoscolices and is very invasive.
34
What are the definitive hosts for Taenia ovis?
Canine ## Footnote This tapeworm uses ruminants as intermediate hosts.
35
What is the diagnosis method for Taenia ovis?
Fecal flotation and segment squash ## Footnote These methods help identify the presence of the parasite.
36
What is the definitive host for Hymenolepis diminuta?
Rodents ## Footnote This tapeworm can also incidentally infect canines and humans.
37
What is the intermediate host for Dipylidium caninum?
Flea / louse ## Footnote This tapeworm has a double-pored structure.
38
What type of life cycle does Echinococcus granulosus have?
Indirect life cycle ## Footnote Involves multiple hosts, including herbivores and humans.
39
What is the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus that forms in the intermediate host?
Hydatid cyst ## Footnote This cyst is typically unilocular and contains multiple protoscolices.
40
True or False: Echinococcus granulosus has extreme zoonotic potential.
True ## Footnote Ingestion of eggs can result in severe infections.
41
What is the diagnosis method for Echinococcus granulosus?
Fecal flotation and segment squash ## Footnote These methods are necessary for identifying the presence of the cysts.
42
Fill in the blank: The larval stage of Taenia hydatigena that develops in the intermediate host is called _______.
Cysticercus tenuicollis ## Footnote This stage is critical for the lifecycle completion.
43
What is the definitive host for Taenia pisiformis?
Canine ## Footnote This tapeworm uses rabbits as its intermediate host.
44
What is the diagnosis method for Taenia pisiformis?
Fecal flotation and segment squash ## Footnote Identifying the presence of the parasite is essential for treatment.

Parasites (9 decks)

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