Small for dates pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of pre-term birth

A

Birth between 24-36+6 weeks gestation

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2
Q

Causes of pre-term birth (6)

A
Infection
Over-distension (multiple pregs, polyhydramnios)
Placental abruption
Cervical incompetence
Intercurrent illness
Idiopathic
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3
Q

Definition of small for gestational age

A

Birthweight less than 10th centile

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4
Q

Complications of being SGA (4)

A

Stillbirth
Hypoxia
Neonatal complications
Impaired neurodevelopment

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5
Q

Methods of assessing growth (2)

A

Symphyseal-fundal height

Ultrasound (est. foetal weight and abdominal circumference)

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6
Q

How can foetal well-being be assessed?

A

Cardiotocography

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7
Q

What are the “reassuring” patterns on CTG? (4)

A

Rate 110-160
Baseline variability 5-25bpm
Accelerations associated with movements/contractions

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8
Q

What is a worrying sign on CTG?

A

Late decelerations

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9
Q

Which metrics does the biophysical profile measure? (4)

A

Movement
Tone
Foetal breathing movements
Liquor volume

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10
Q

What does umbilical artery Doppler measure?

A

Flow in the umbilical artery; absent or reduced end-diastolic flow suggests placental resistance and is an ominous sign

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11
Q

When does foetal weight gain/growth tend to accelerate/decelerate?

A

Around 10 weeks; growth rate diminishes before term

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12
Q

What are the factors which determine foetal birth weight? (4)

A

Gestational age; race; maternal height and weight; parity

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13
Q

What are the two categories of small for gestational age babies?

A

Constitutionally small

Intra-uterine growth restriction

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