Soc 201 Final

Question 1

Although the term “sociology” was first used by the
……… social philosopher august Comte,

Answer 1

French

Question 2

Sociology
was more firmly established by such …… as Emile
Durkheim, Karl Marx and Max Weber (Nobbs, Hine and
Flemming, 1978).

Answer 2

theorists

Question 3

Before going any further, let us note that the concepts
“……. and ….. are central in sociology.

Answer 3

society and “culture”

Question 4

……. generally refers to the social world with all its
structures, institutions, organizations, etc around us, and
specifically to a group of people who live within some type of bounded territory and who share a common way
of life.

Answer 4

Society

Question 5

This common way of life shared by a group of
people is termed as …… (Stockard, 1997).

Answer 5

culture

Question 6

sociology may be generally defined as a social science
that studies such kinds of phenomena as ……… ……….., ……..and …….

Answer 6

The structure and function of society as a
system;
• The nature, complexity and contents of human social behavior
• The fundamentals of human social life;Interaction of human beings with their
external environment;
• The indispensability of social interactions for
human development;
• How the social world affects us, etc.

Question 7

A more formal definition of ……. may be that it is a
social science which studies the processes and patterns
of human individual and group interaction, the forms of
organization of social groups, the relationship among
them, and group influences on individual behavior, and
vice versa, and the interaction between one social group
and the other (Team of Experts, 2000).

Answer 7

sociology

Question 8

Sociology is the ……. study of society, which is
interested in the study of social relationship between
people in group context.

Answer 8

scientific

Question 9

…….. is interested in how
we as human beings interact with each other (the
pattern of social interaction); the laws and principles that
govern social relationship and interactions; the
/influence of the social world on the individuals, and vice
versa (Ibid.).

Answer 9

Sociology

Question 10

……….. deals with a factually observable subject
matter, depends upon empirical research, and involves attempts to formulate theories and generalizations that
will make sense of facts (Giddens, 1982).

Answer 10

Sociology

Question 11

Regarding the detective and expository nature the
science, ……….. (1992:34) states that “Sociology is a
debunking science; that is, it looks for levels of reality
other than those presented in official interpretations of
society and people’s common sense explanations of the
social world.

Answer 11

Soroka

Question 12

……… are interested in
understanding what is and do not make value
judgments.”

Answer 12

Sociologists

Question 13

Brief Historical Overview
……… and …….. emerged from a
common tradition of reflection of social phenomena;
interest in the nature of human social behavior and
society has probably always existed; however, most
people in most past societies saw their culture as a fixed
and god-given entity.

Answer 13

Sociologists and other social sciences

Question 14

This view gradually was replaced
by more rational explanations beginning from the …….
century especially in Western Europe (Rosenberg,
1987).

Answer 14

17th

Question 15

……….had been raised and discussed by the forerunners
starting from the ancient Greek and Roman
philosophers’ and Hebrew prophets’ times.

Answer 15

Sociology

Question 16

Sociology as an academic science was thus born in …….
century (its formal establishment year being 1837) in
Great Britain and Western Europe, especially in France
and Germany, and it greatly advanced through out 19th
and 20th centuries.

Answer 16

19th

Question 17

The development of ….. and its current contexts
have to be grasped in the contexts of the major changes
that have created the modern world (Giddens, 1986).

Answer 17

sociology

Question 18

Further, sociology originated in 18th century philosophy,
political economy and cultural history according to ………

Answer 18

Swingwood,
1991)

Question 19

The major conditions, societal changes, upheavals and
social ferments that gave rise to the emergence and
development of sociology as an academic science
include ………, ………., ……… and ……….

Answer 19

the Industrial Revolution which began in Great
Britain,
the French Political Revolution of 1789
The
Enlightenment and advances in natural sciences and technology.

Question 20

These revolutions had brought about
significant ……. and …… in the way
society lived in the aforementioned countries.

Question 21

Since
……. was born amidst the great socio-political and
economic and technological changes of the western
world,

Answer 21

sociology

Question 22

……. is said to be the science of modern society.

Answer 22

Sociology

Question 23

The pioneering …….. were very much concerned
about the great changes that were taking place and they
felt that the exciting sciences could not help understand,
explain, analyze and interpret the fundamental laws that
govern the social phenomena.

Answer 23

sociologists

Question 24

Thus sociology was born
out of these ….. contexts.

Answer 24

revolutionary

Question 25

The founders or the pioneering sociologists are the following ........, ......., ....... and ...... •

Answer 25

Henslin and Nelson, 1995; Giddens, 1996; Macionis, 1997):

Question 26

........., french Social Philosopher (1798- 1857)

Answer 26

Auguste Comte

Question 27

Comte was the first social philosopher to coin and use the term sociology according to ........and ........

Answer 27

Nobbs, Hine and Flemming, 1978).

Question 28

.......was also the first to regard himself as a sociologist.

Answer 28

Comte

Question 29

August Comte defined sociology as the scientific study of ....... and ......

Answer 29

social dynamic and social static.

Question 30

Comte believed that a ....... and ........ behavior were needed to improve society.

Answer 30

pattern and procedures of the natural science.

Question 31

...... argued that the new science of society could and should make a critical contribution towards a new and improved human society.

Answer 31

Comte

Question 32

August argued that sociology can and should study society and social phenomena following the ........ and ......

Question 33

Comte defined sociology as the study of ...... and .....

Answer 33

social dynamic and social static

Question 34

......... signifying the changing, progressing and developmental dimensions of society.

Answer 34

Social dynamic

Question 35

........ refer to the social order and those elements of society and social phenomena which tend to persist and relatively permanent, defying change.

Answer 35

social static

Question 36

....... was a world-renowned social philosopher, sociologist and economic historian.

Answer 36

Marx

Question 37

....... made remarkable contributions to the development of various social sciences including sociology. August Comte introduced key

Answer 37

Comte

Question 38

concepts in sociology like social class, social class conflict, social oppression, alienation, etc. Marx, like Comte, argued that people should make active efforts to bring about societal reforms. According to Marx, economic forces are the keys to underestimating society and social change. He believed that the history of human society has been that of class conflict. He dreamed of, and worked hard towards realizing, a classless society, one in which there will be no exploitation and oppression of one class by another, and wherein all individuals will work according to their abilities and receive according to their needs. Marx introduced one of the major perspectives in sociology, called social conflict theory (Macionis, 1997) • Harriet Martineau, British Sociologist (1802- 1876) At a time when women were greatly stereotyped and denied access to influential socio-political and academic arena, it is interesting to ha a female academic to be numbered among the pioneering sociologists. Harriet was interested in social issues and studied both in the United States and England. She came across with the