Social Change in Germany- Women Flashcards
(31 cards)
when was the kaiserreich period
1871- 1918
when was the weimar period
1918- 1933
when was the nazi period
1933- 1945
when was the west german period
1945- 1990
women- kaiserreich: civil code
it legalised the lower status of women and asserted mens authority over things like their kids and wifes wealth
women- kaiserreich: bismarcks welfare provisions
specific benefits for women and by 1891 there was guaranteed 6 weeks maternity leave and 11 hour max working day. they were allowed more time off on saturday lunch but only to do domestic duties
women- kaiserreich: Emma Ihrer
established the society for the protection of women workers interests in 1885 which provided free doctors and lawyers
women- kaiserreich: clara zetkin
led the SPDs woman section, began the first ever international womens day on 19th march 1911
women- kaiserreich: pressure groups
the federation of german womens associations was set up and campaigned reform for the civil code. despite agitation from these groups and the SPD the government refused to make change
women- WWI: opposition
clara zetkin and rose luxemburg were among the few in the SPD to oppose their policy of support
women- WWI: work changes
amount of women in work didnt change but it was less part time and in sectors like steel, engineering and the postal service
women- WWI: enhanced position
many women became the primary breadwinner for the first time which helped establish a better role
women- WWI: gov intervention
they promoted womens work as essential for the war effort
women- weimar: constitution
the weimar constitution of 1919 gave women the right to vote
women- weimar: parliament
women made up 9.6% of the new one from 1919, they were 2% of MPs in britain
women- weimar: constitution equality
it guaranteed equality in education, pay, and employment opportunities in the civil service
women- weimar: ‘weimar women’
2 million german men were lost during the war which meant the the traditional idea of marriage was much harder. weimar women emerged urbanised, single, financially independent and following US fashions
women- weimar: however
life remained traditional for many women especially in rural areas, female workers were expected to stop working when married and the changes affected a relatively small % of the population
women- nazi: viewpoints
traditional and more parallel to the kaiserreich, saw men as primarily militaristic and women to birth lots of pure germans
women- nazi: policies
from 1933 all female working groups were banned, they couldn’t be employed by the gov or practice medicine and law
women- nazi: university
only 10% of places were for women, formerly 20% in weimar
women- nazi: slogan
children, church and kitchen. the syllabus for schoolgirls was amended to focus on domestic science
women- nazi: diff from kaiserreich
needed new racial and physical fitness not previously mentioned
women- nazi: work and wages
1938 introduced a compulsory duty year for unmarried women under 25 to work in textiles or tobacco. womens wages inc at a faster rate than mens between ‘35-38
