Social Developments: Impact of WWII on Unions and Women, Japanese Americans and African Americans

Question 1

In what year during WWII did 6 million women join the American workforce?

Answer 1

1944

Question 2

What was a limitation of female employment after World War II?

Answer 2

They returned back to their traditional roles

Question 3

What percentage of women were employed by 1945?

Answer 3

60%

Question 4

What percentage of employees in munitions were women during WWII?

Answer 4

50% of employees

Question 5

Who was the First Lady from 1933 to 1945?

Answer 5

Eleanor Roosevelt

Question 6

What was significant about Eleanor Roosevelt’s role as First Lady in relation to her husband?

Answer 6

She often spoke out against her husband’s policies

Question 7

What did Eleanor Roosevelt do for Civil Rights in 1936?

Answer 7

She hosted a garden party for black girls in the White House

Question 8

What did a 1942 poll show about how Americans felt with women in the workforce?

Answer 8

60% were in favour of it

Question 9

What percentage of mens wages did women get paid during WWII?

Answer 9

50% of mens wages

Question 10

By what factor did the amount of African Americans working for the federal government increase by from 1939 to 1945?

Answer 10

Increased by a factor of 4

Question 11

What year was the Wagner Act passed and what did it do?

Answer 11

1935, it made joining a trade union legal

Question 12

How much did trade union membership in the USA increase from 1935 to 1940?

Answer 12

Increased by 200%

Question 13

What policy did the Congress of Industrial Organizations commit themselves for unions during WWII?

Answer 13

A no-strike policy

Question 14

What did Civil Rights activist A Philip Randolph threaten in 1941?

Answer 14

Threatened to do a march opposing racial discrimination in jobs

Question 15

What did Franklin Rooseevelt pass to respond to A. Phillip Randolph’s threat?

Answer 15

Executive Order 8802

Question 16

What did Executive Order 8802 do?

Answer 16

It banned racial discrimination in the defence industry

Question 17

What year was Executive Order 8802 passed?

Answer 17

1941

Question 18

What commission did Executive Order 8802 set up (FEPC)

Answer 18

Fair Employment Practices Commission

Question 19

What percentage of discrimination cases was the Fair Employment Practices Commission successful with in the North?

Answer 19

66% of cases

Question 20

What percentage of discrimination cases was the Fair Employment Practices Commission successful with in the West?

Answer 20

50% of cases

Question 21

How many cases did the Fair Employment Practices Commission work on?

Answer 21

8000 cases

Question 22

What form of strikes occurred against African Americans?

Answer 22

Hate strikes

Question 23

Name a state that often experienced hate strikes

Answer 23

Detroit

Question 24

What did a Kansas Steel business say about their situation with employing African Americans by 1940?

Answer 24

They had not had an African American employee for 25 years

Question 25

What was the situation for most trade unions in letting African Americans join them during WWII?

Answer 25

They would not let them join

Question 26

How many African Americans were in the USA in 1940 and how many of them were employed?

Answer 26

13 million African Americans in 1940, 5 million were employed

Question 27

How many African American women were employed in 1940?

Answer 27

2 million

Question 28

What percentage of annual White American wages did African Americans make during WWII?

Answer 28

Made 50% of White American's wages

Question 29

What did a 1940 survey show with defence industries wanting to employ African Americans?

Answer 29

Half of them did not want to employ African Americans

Question 30

What happened in Detroit in 1943?

Answer 30

There was a race riot

Question 31

How many people were killed in the 1943 Detroit Riot?

Answer 31

30 people

Question 32

How many people were involved in the 1943 Detroit Riot?

Answer 32

100,000 people

Question 33

What happened in the 1943 Battle of Bamber Bridge in the USA?

Answer 33

White police officers attacked Black soldiers

Question 33

What film was created to try and reduce racial tensions?

Answer 33

"The Negro Soldier"

Question 34

What fraction of African American soldiers went overseas during WWII?

Answer 34

1/8

Question 35

Which part of the American military experienced discrimination the most?

Answer 35

The Navy

Question 36

How many people were killed after some ammunition exploded on a ship in the Navy?

Answer 36

300 people

Question 37

What year did the ammunition Navy explosion occur?

Answer 37

1944

Question 38

Which all-African American airforce group was made?

Answer 38

The Tuskegee Airmen

Question 39

By what year had 600 African Americans been trained to fly?

Answer 39

1945

Question 40

What was an issue with the Tuskegee Airmen in terms of separation?

Answer 40

They were a segregated force

Question 41

Why did Franklin Roosevelt continue to not largely improve the situation for African Americans?

Answer 41

He felt it would result in the loss of the Solid South

Question 42

What did Executive Order 9346 do to the Fair Employment Practices Commission?

Answer 42

It gave them an extra $500,000 in funding

Question 43

What year was the GI Bill of Rights passed?

Answer 43

1944

Question 44

What did the 1944 GI Bill of Rights say?

Answer 44

All young returning soldiers would have part of their education paid for them

Question 45

What would the GI Bill of Rights mean for young men going to college?

Answer 45

More of them would be able to go

Question 46

Was the GI Bill of Rights made for African American soldiers too?

Answer 46

Yes

Question 47

How many Japanese Americans were put into isolation in 1941?

Answer 47

2000

Question 48

How many Japanese Americans were put into Isolation in 1942?

Answer 48

15,000

Question 49

How did Idaho respond to Japanese Americans coming into their state?

Answer 49

They said their state was for white people only

Question 49

Which state did some Japanese Americans go to to try and escape being put into Isolation?

Answer 49

Idaho

Question 50

How many Japanese Americans were put into isolation centres in 1943?

Answer 50

100,000 Japanese Americans

Question 51

What happened to Japanese Americans' houses while they were in isolation?

Answer 51

They were raided

Question 52

How much money was lost for Japanese Americans due to their houses being raided?

Answer 52

$400 million

Question 53

What year did the government give money as compensation to Japanese Americans?

Answer 53

1948

Question 54

How much money did the USA government give Japanese Americans in compensation?

Answer 54

$40 million