Social Interaction

Question 1

Status

Answer 1

A position in society used to classify individuals

Question 2

Ascribed status

Answer 2

Involuntarily assigned to an individual based on race, ethnicity, gender, family background, and so on

Question 3

Achieved status

Answer 3

Voluntarily gained as a result of one’s efforts or choices

Question 4

Master status

Answer 4

The status by which an individual is primarily identified; is pervasive in that person’s life

Question 5

Role

Answer 5

A set of beliefs, values, and norms that define the expectations of a certain status in a social situation

Question 6

Role performance

Answer 6

Refers to carrying out the behaviours of a given role

Question 7

Role partner

Answer 7

Another individual who helps define a specific role within the relationship

Question 8

Role set

Answer 8

Contains all of the different roles associated with a status

Question 9

Role conflict

Answer 9

Occurs when one has difficulty in satisfying the requirements of multiple roles simultaneously

Question 10

Role strain

Answer 10

Occurs when one has difficulty satisfying multiple requirements of the same role simultaneously

Question 11

Groups

Answer 11

Made up of two or more individuals with similar characteristics that share a sense of unity

Question 12

Peer Group

Answer 12

A self-selected group formed around similar interests, ages, and statuses

Question 13

Family Group

Answer 13

The group into which an individual is born, adopted, or married

Question 14

In-group

Answer 14

One with which an individual identifies

Question 15

Out-group

Answer 15

One that an individual competes with or opposes

Question 16

Reference group

Answer 16

A group to which an individual compares him or herself.

Question 17

Primary Groups

Answer 17

Groups that contain strong, emotional bonds

Question 18

Secondary Groups

Answer 18

Groups that are often temporary and contain fewer emotional bonds and weaker bonds overall

Question 19

Gemeinschaft (community)

Answer 19

A group unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry, or geography. E.g. families and neighbourhoods

Question 20

Gesellschaft (society)

Answer 20

A group unified by mutual self-interests in achieving a goal. E.g. companies

Question 21

Network

Answer 21

An observable pattern of social relationships between individuals or groups

Question 22

Organizations

Answer 22

Bodies of people with a structure and culture designed to achieve specific goals (they exist without each individual’s membership within the organization)

Question 23

Basic Model of emotional expression/self-presentation

Answer 23

States that there are universal emotions, along with corresponding expressions

Question 24

Social Construction Model

Answer 24

States that emotions are solely based on experiences and the situational context of social interactions

Question 25

Display Rules

Answer 25

Unspoken expectations of emotions that govern the expression of emotion

Question 26

Cultural syndrome

Answer 26

A shared set of beliefs, norms, values, and behaviours organized around a central theme, as is found among people sharing the same language and geography.

Question 27

Self-presentation/ Impression management

Answer 27

Refers to the maintenance of a public image, which is accomplished through various strategies: e.g. self-disclosure, managing appearances, ingratiation, aligning actions, and alter-casting. Includes the authentic self, the ideal self, and the tactical self (who we market ourselves to be when we adhere to others' expectations of us).

Question 28

Self-disclosure

Answer 28

Sharing factual information about oneself to establish an identity

Question 29

Managing appearances

Answer 29

Refers to using props, appearance, emotional expression, or associations to create a positive image

Question 30

Ingratiation

Answer 30

Using flattery or conformity to win over someone else

Question 31

Aligning actions

Answer 31

The use of excuses to account for questionable behaviour

Question 32

Alter-casting

Answer 32

Imposing an identity onto another person

Question 33

Dramaturgical approach

Answer 33

Claims that individuals create images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role in front of an audience (front and back stage components)

Question 34

Front stage

Answer 34

Where an individual is seen by the audience and strives to preserve his desired image

Question 35

Back Stage

Answer 35

where the individual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of his desired image

Question 36

Verbal Communication

Answer 36

The conveyance of information through spoken, written, or signed words

Question 37

Nonverbal Communication

Answer 37

The conveyance of information by means other than the use of words, such as body language, prosody, facial expressions, and gestures

Question 38

Animal communication

Answer 38

Takes place not only between nonhuman animals, but between humans and other animals as well. Animals use body language ,rudimentary facial expressions, visual displays, scents, and vocalizations to communicate

Question 39

Role exit

Answer 39

The dropping of one identity for another

Question 40

Network redundancy

Answer 40

In a social network, if there are overlapping connections with the same individual

Question 41

Characteristic institution

Answer 41

The basic organization of society; in modern times, this is bureaucracy

Question 42

Bureaucracy

Answer 42

A rational system of political organization, administration, discipline, and control.

Question 43

Iron law of oligarchy

Answer 43

States that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group

Question 44

McDonaldization

Answer 44

Commonly used to refer to a shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in societies.

Question 45

appraisal model

Answer 45

Accepts that there are biologically predetermined expressions once an emotion is experienced, but that there is a cognitive antecedent to emotional expression

Question 46

George Mead's "I" vs "me" theory

Answer 46

"Me" is the part of self that is a response to the environment. "I" is the creative expression of the individual