Social Stratification

Question 1

Social Class

Answer 1

Category of people who share similar socioeconomic positions in society

Question 2

Social Stratification

Answer 2

Focuses on social inequalities and studies the basic questions of who gets what and why

Question 3

Ascribed Status

Answer 3

*Involuntary

Derives from clearly identified characteristics like age, gender and skin color

Question 4

Achieved Status

Answer 4

*Voluntary (hard work / merit)

Acquired via direct individual efforts

Question 5

Power

Answer 5

Ability to affect others’ behavior through real or perceived rewards and punishments and is based on the unequal distribution of valued resources; defines relationships

Question 6

Anomie

Answer 6

Lack of social norms or the breakdown of social bonds between an individual and society

Question 7

Strain Theory

Answer 7

Focuses on how anomie / anomic conditions can lead to social deviance

Question 8

Social Capital

Answer 8

Investments people make in society in return for economic or collective rewards

Question 9

Strong Ties

Answer 9

Peer group / kinship contacts; strong social connections; few in number but powerful

Question 10

Weak Ties

Answer 10

Superficial social connections; large in number

Question 11

5 Ethnicities Model

Answer 11

Defined by the US Census Bureau and the National Institute of Health (NIH)

1. White
2. Black
3. Asian
4. Latino
5. Native American

Question 12

Social Mobility

Answer 12

Result of economic and occupational structures that allows one to acquire higher level of employment opportunities given proper credentials and experience requirements

Question 13

Intra-generational Mobility

Answer 13

Changes in status happen in a person’s lifetime

Question 14

Inter-generational Mobility

Answer 14

Changes are between generations from parents to children

Question 15

Meritocracy

Answer 15

Intellectual talent and achievement; means for a person to advance up the social ladder

Question 16

Plutocracy

Answer 16

Rule by the upper classes

Question 17

Poverty

Answer 17

Low socioeconomic status and lack of possessions, money or resources

Question 18

Social Reproduction

Answer 18

Social inequality can be reproduced or passed from one generation to the next

Question 19

Absolute Poverty

Answer 19

Socioeconomic condition in which people do not have money or resources to maintain quality of life / living which include the basic necessities (shelter, water, food, clothing)

Question 20

Relative Poverty

Answer 20

One is poor in comparison to the larger population in which they live

Question 21

Poverty Line

Answer 21

Derived from the governments calculations of the minimum income requirements for families to acquire the minimum necessities of life

Question 22

Social Exclusion

Answer 22

Can arise from a sense of powerlessness when poor individuals feel alienated from society.

Question 23

Spatial Inequality

Answer 23

Focuses on social stratification across territories and their populations; how geography influences social processes

Question 24

Residential Segregation

Answer 24

• Where one resides; urban, suburban or rural

- Has an effect on how people interact, cooperate and advance

Question 25

Environmental Justice

Answer 25

Poor living conditions / dangerous environmental conditions result in increased illness and disease Environmental risk tend to be in low income areas

Question 26

Global Inequalities

Answer 26

- Globalization limits power / resources as the production of goods constantly moves - Communities become subject to the ebb and flow of the market - Large populations placing strain on the world's resources

Question 27

Epidemiology

Answer 27

The study and analysis of the patterns, causes and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations

Question 28

Incidence

Answer 28

The number of new cases of an illness per population at risk (does not include those already sick) in a given time

Question 29

Prevalence

Answer 29

Number of cases of an illness overall per population in a given time

Question 30

Morbidity

Answer 30

Degree of illness associated with a given disease

Question 31

Mortality

Answer 31

Number of deaths caused by a given disease

Question 32

Second Sickness

Answer 32

Exacerbation of health outcomes caused by social injustice and class differences *Low income groups are more likely to have poor health and be uninsured

Question 33

Affordable Care Act (ACA) - 2010

Answer 33

Increasing coverage rate and affordability of insurance for all Americans by reducing the overall cost

Question 34

Medicare

Answer 34

Covers patients over 65, disabled, end stage renal disease & those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Question 35

Medicaid

Answer 35

Covers patients with significant financial need; disabilities