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Individual and Society > Social Structure & Interaction > Flashcards

Social Structure & Interaction Flashcards

1
Q

What is a social structure? /5

A

stable pattern of relationships that exits within a particular group or society

connects the individual to the larger society

defined by culture

learned through socialization

macro theories

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2
Q

What is the relationship between macro theories and social structure? /2

A

focus on the structure

start with the assumption that an individual’s group membership will determine their behavior

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3
Q

What are the components of social structure? /8

A

culture

social class

social institutions

status

roles

solidarity

conformity

groupthink

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4
Q

What is social class? /2

A

differentiates and ranks groups of people

based on income, wealth, education, and occupation

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5
Q

What are social institutions?

A

complex systems of roles organized around a central activity or social need

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6
Q

What is status?

A

socially defined position characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties

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7
Q

What is a status set?

A

all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time

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8
Q

What is ascribed status? /3

A

status given at birth

received involuntarily later in life; individual has no control

can have a significant influence on the achieved statuses we attain

ex. ethnicity, sex, disability

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9
Q

What is achieved status? /2

A

status assumed voluntarily as a result of personal choice, merit, or direct effort

ex. education, occupation, marriage

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10
Q

What are status symbols? /2

A

material signs that inform others of a person’s specific status

not necessarily associated with prestige

ex. wedding ring, vaccine passport, hijab

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11
Q

What is a role? /3

A

set of behavioral expectations associated with a given status

based on a range of acceptable behavior

occupy a status = play a role

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12
Q

What is a role expectation?

A

society’s definition of how a role should be played

ex. student = go to class

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13
Q

What is a role performance? /2

A

how the person actually plays the role

when far from the expectation, it’s deviance

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14
Q

What is a role conflict?

A

when two or more statuses place incompatible demands on the person

ex. mother and manager - when child is sick on the day of an important meeting, female athletes

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15
Q

What is role strain?

A

incompatible demands built into a single status that a person occupies

ex. unhappy marriage

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16
Q

What is solidarity? /2

A

force that connects people to each other

“glue” that binds a society

17
Q

What is mechanical solidarity? /2

A

type of community bonding that is usually found in traditional societies

based on shared beliefs, values, and performing common activities

18
Q

What is organic solidarity? /5

A

when people live in a society with a diverse division of labor

more complex societies = change from mechanical to organic

division of labor = variety of jobs (ex) : forces people to depend on one another

beliefs and values remain important

interdependence binds people together

19
Q

What is conformity? /2

A

process in which we alter our behavior, attitudes, and opinions based on what we think is socially appropriate

unwillingness = risk of social rejection

ex. marriage

20
Q

What is groupthink? /2

A

group decisions that are made without objective thought or reason

groups of people like to agree

21
Q

What is social interaction? /3

A

process by which people act/respond to others

foundation for all relationships and groups in society

communication allows us to express ourselves and understand others = orderly social relationships

22
Q

What is social construction of reality?

A

our perceptions/behaviors are shaped by our subjective definition of a situation and the meaning we give to it

23
Q

What is impression management?

A

all the things we do to try and control what others think of us

24
Q

What is a social group? /2

A

two or more people who interact with one another

share a common identity

25
Q

What are primary groups? /3

A

small

intimate

long-lasting

26
Q

What are secondary groups? /3

A

formal

superficial

last for a short/fixed time

27
Q

What is an in-group?

A

a group we feel an affinity or closeness

28
Q

What is in-group bias?

A

feeling that our groups are better than others

29
Q

What is an out-group?

A

a group we fell different and disconnected

30
Q

What is are reference groups?

A

people we use to evaluate ourselves

ex. celebrities, influencers

31
Q

What is a social network? /3

A

web of ties you have with others

basic tools used by individuals to meet other people, have fun, and find social support

help create cultural capital

32
Q

What is cultural capital?

A

all individuals and collective resources available to a person

33
Q

What is role-taking?

A

When you copy the role of someone else

Ex. Of Asian descent, but acts American

Individual and Society (12 decks)

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