Social Studies Final Semester 1 Flashcards
What was known as the Heart of the Confederacy in the Civil War because it provided supplies (food, ammunition, etc.) for the Confederate war effort?
Georgia
What sharecroppers own?
Nothing but their labor
Whose election led Southern states to consider secession?
Lincoln’s
Who occupied Georgia in 1869 according to the Georgia Act because Black legislators such as Henry McNeal Turner had been removed from office and the Ku Klux Klan had been preventing blacks from voting?
The military
What was Lincoln’s famous speech and what did it state?
Gettysburg Address, “all men are created equal”
In what case/ year was the line that determined which states would be slave states or not was named unconstitutional?
Dred Scott Case in 1857
Who tried and what was the attempt to gain support among Georgians for the Compromise of 1850?
by Georgia politicians(Robert Toombs, Alexander Stephens and Howell Cobb) and it was called the Georgia Platform
What Compromise added Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state and Missouri’s southern boundary was extended into the Louisiana Territory and Above the line slavery was not allowed?
Missouri compromise
Who believed that states should have the power to decide issues such as slavery?
The south
Why does the south secede?
Lincoln’s election
What amendment ends slavery?
13th amendment
What used popular sovereignty to decide the slavery issue in the territories and where Residents were allowed to vote to decide if Kansas would be a free or slave state?
Kansas-Nebraska Act
In what did the North received California as a free state and the South received the Fugitive Slave Law?
Compromise of 1850
Who was the south’s leading general and the north’s?
Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant
The power of state governments over that of the national government is known as what?
States’ rights
What decision led southerners to believe that the issue of slavery in the territories was settle and Congress could not limit slavery in the territories?
Dred Scott decision
Who had plenty of cotton and cheap labor to develop a textile industry?
Georgia
What did tenant own?m
Animals and equipment to work on the owner’s land
Who led the Union Army in its capture of Atlanta. Much of the city would be burned by the Union Army before it left for its “March to the Sea” which also helped get Lincoln reelected?
General Sherman
What is The best and most important part of the Missouri Compromise?
It maintained the balance between slave and free states.
In what decision were slaves classified as property without human right and when The Supreme Court disappointed abolitionists by ruling that slaves were not citizens?
Dred Scott Decision
Who demoralized Georgia in his “March to the Sea”, he wanted to end civilian support for the war and Railroads, crops, supplies and homes were burned by Union soldiers?
General Sherman
Who was the Creek leader in the Oconee War between the Creek and the Georgia pioneers and He signed the Treaty of New York giving up all Creek land east of the Oconee River?
Alexander McGillivray
What took place when Georgia’s governor and some legislators were bribed to sell public land to land companies at low prices and Georgia had to cede (give up) all land west of the Chattahoochee River (future states of Alabama and Mississippi) because the Federal government had to pay millions of dollars to settle land claims in the Yazoo case?
Yazoo Land Fraud
What was the union strategy where a key part of this the plan was the blockading of Southern ports And blockade caused a shortage of goods and higher prices?
Anaconda plan
Who argued that Georgia should not secede from the Union and said Georgia should not go against the Constitution and should accept Lincoln’s election and Therefore, he was a strange choice for Vice-President of the Confederacy?
Alexander Stephens
Who was one of the first African Americans elected for the Georgia General Assembly?
Henry McNeal Turner
Who wanted to punish the south?
Radical Republicans
What is the belief that one region is superior to another?
Sectionalism
What was the turning point in the war?
Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania
What was the confederate strategy where The South believed Great Britain and France would fight the North to receive Southern cotton?
King cotton diplomacy
What made the transition to freedom easier for former slaves and It provided an education, clothing, food and a fresh start to freedmen?
Freedman’s Bureau
What amendment allowed black men to vote?
15th amendment
Who ratified the Constitution because slavery was protected, the Bill of Rights was added, and the state needed a strong national government for protection from the Creek Indians?
Georgia
What guarantees our basic rights and freedoms?
Bill of rights
What was fought because each side wanted to control the railroads at Chattanooga, The Union was temporarily pushed back and The Confederate commander did not follow up his victory?
Battle of Chickamauga
Who received votes only from the North, but still won the 1860 presidential election?
Abraham Lincoln
Who won with only votes from the north but still won the 1869 election?
Abraham Lincoln
Who was a Creek chief, he was murdered by Red Stick Creeks because he signed the Treaty of Indian Springs giving up the last Creek lands in Georgia to the federal government?
William McIntosh
Who did not want to punish the south for the civil war and wanted to rejoin the union quickly and easily?
Presidents Lincoln and Johnson
Who was the president of the confederacy?
Jefferson Davis
What Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ruled in Worcester v. Georgia that Georgia laws did not apply to the Cherokee, but President Andrew refused to enforce the Supreme Court decision?
John Marshall
What sharecroppers remain in?
Poor and debt
What was The bloodiest battle and the bloodiest day in American history was and who won?
Battle of Antietam and draw but slight Union victory
Who was the first state to secede?
South Carolina
What is the belief that southern states had the right to nullify (make invalid, not follow) any federal law they thought was unconstitutional?
Nullification
What was the prison where Thousands of Union prisoners died and the commander of the prison was executed at the end of the war?
Andersonville in GA(confederate prison)
The governor vetoing a bill the General Assembly has passed is an example of what?
Checks and balances
Who’s plan and what plan was harsh on the south?
Radical Republicans, congressional reconstruction
Who directly chooses the president in our system?
Electoral College
When does the civil war begin?
The Civil War begins with the Confederate attack on Ft. Sumter, South Carolina.
What was the secret white supremacy organization that tried to deny freedmen their civil rights?
Ku Klux Klan
What viewed the South as conquered territory and the treatment of freedmen was monitored by Congress?
Congressional reconstruction
What amendment provides equal protection to all citizens under law and was a response to black codes?
14th amendment
What made southern states consider to secede?
Lincoln’s election
What were the country’s first attempt at a constitution?
Articles of Confederation
What was the civil war against?
Union(north) VS Confederate (south)
Where did the emancipation proclamation free slaves?
Only in rebelling states in the civil war. Not in Missouri or Kentucky which were slave states in the union.
Who signed the Treaty of New York that gave up all land east of the Oconee River?
Alexander McGillivray
Who was the Creek leader during the Oconee Wars between the Creeks and the Georgia pioneers?
Alexander McGillivray
Where was Gold discovered?
Gold was discovered near Dahlonega (city) and on Cherokee land.
Why were the Creeks removed?
The Creeks were removed because settlers wanted their land.
The government’s removal of the Cherokee from their ancestral lands and their forced trek to Indian Territory is known as what?
The trail of tears
What were used in Georgia to distribute Indian land to new settlers?
Head right system and land lotteries
What is the oldest “land grant university” where the land was donated by the federal government?
University of Georgia
What made the transportation of goods and people easier and made muddy roads and upstream travel on a river no longer a problem?
Railroads
Who was a Creek chief who was murdered by Red Stick Creeks because he signed the Treaty of Indian Springs giving up the last Creek lands in Georgia to the federal government?
William McIntosh
What was Georgia’s major railroad?
The western Atlantic railroad
What did Georgia have to do as a punishment for the Yazoo land Fraud and why?
Georgia had to cede (give up) all land west of the Chattahoochee River (future states of Alabama and Mississippi) because the Federal government had to pay millions of dollars to settle land claims in the Yazoo case.
What does the cotton gin do?
Removed seeds from cotton fiber
What was the Cherokee capital?
New echota
Who was the chief of the Cherokee who took a petition to Congress protesting the Cherokee removal from their land.
John Ross
What were known as circuit riders helped spread the faith?
Traveling ministers
What was the first planned capital of Georgia?
Louisville
What was moved west as Georgia’s population has moved west?
The capital
Who wanted Samuel Worcester off of Cherokee land and wanted him to take an oath of allegiance to the governor of the state?
The state of Georgia
What places have served as Georgia’s capitals?
Millegeville, Louisville, Atalanta,Savannah, and Augusta
What railroad ran from Chattanooga to terminus or Atlanta?
Western Atlantic railroad
What led to the increase of cotton production and slavery in the South in the 1790s?
Eli whitney’s invention of the cotton Gin.
Who ruled in Worcester v. Georgia that Georgia laws did not apply to the Cherokee?
John Marshall
Who refused to listen to the Supreme Court over the decision over the Cherokees?
President Jackson
How many Native Americans died in captivity in their way to Indian Territory?
4,000
What was the congressional legislation that allowed Georgia to push the creek and Cherokee up of the state and seize their lands?
Indian removal act of 1830
What churches became the largest in the state?
Baptist and Methodist
What city was railroad center?
Atlanta
What took place when Georgia’s governor and some legislators were bribed to sell public land to land companies at low prices?
Yazoo land fraud
Where were the records of the Yazoo Act burned?
Louisville which was the capital of Georgia back then.
What was Sequoyah’s major contribution to the Cherokee culture?
Sequoyah’s major contribution to the Cherokee culture was developing a syllabary so the Cherokee could have a written language.
What ensured the removal of the Cherokees?
Th discovery of gold on their land.
What was distributed in the land lotteries?
Cherokee land
What spread across the state(religious)?
Baptist and Methodist churches
What gave up to a thousand acres of land to white males
Head right system
What were the original names for Atlanta?
Terminus and Marthasville
What was the first Native American newspaper?
Cherokee Phoenix
What is the first ten amendments in the constitution and guarantees personal liberties( freedoms)
Bill of rights
What were problems with the articles of confederation?
Problems with the Articles of Confederation were the inability to regulate TRADE, no national CURRENCY, no national COURT system, no PRESIDENT (chief executive), no ability to TAX, each state had only ONE vote and no MONEY to pay veteran soldiers of the Revolutionary War.
Why did Georgia ratify the constitution?
SLAVERY was not banned, the BILL of RIGHTS would be added and a strong national government would be created that could help fight the CREEK Indians.
Under what was th national government weak?
Articles of Confederation
