Socio-economic

Question 1

Inflation

Answer 1

• Seized revenue from the Church to Rome, which Mary had reintroduced

Question 2

Farming

Answer 2

• most commoners were sybsistence farmers
  -threats of enclosure

Question 3

Poor law 1563

Answer 3

• reduce the number of roaming paupers

Question 4

Taxation

Answer 4

Elizabeth 1 avoided reforming the taxation system

Question 5

Decline in living standards

Answer 5

• English pop increased from 3-4 million
  -Greater demand for food and therefore competition for lands causing rent to increase and food prices to rise

Question 6

Elizabeths growing gentry

Answer 6

• Group of wealthy landowners beneath the noble classes- make money through trade

Question 7

When were there bad harvests

Answer 7

Between 1594 and 1598

Question 8

When was the flu outbreak

Answer 8

1556- killed 200,000 people, including a lot of farmers

Question 9

Poor law 1572

Answer 9

-let local officials raise money from local people to help the poor

Question 10

The Act for setting the poor on work 1576

Answer 10

Made local authorities responsible for poverty in their local area

Question 11

Poor Law 1601

Answer 11

• taxing the wealthy to pay for the care of the poor who could not work

Question 12

Transatlantic trade

Answer 12

• Exploring the New World was contentious because Spain and Portugal claimed it
  -Circumnavigation 1577-80

Question 13

Spain attacked John Hawkins fleet

Answer 13

1568- trying to break Spains monopoly in the transatlantic slave trade

Question 14

Wool

Answer 14

• 1550- most of Englands trade was exporting wool to Antwerp( port controlled by Sprderin)
  -As relations with Spain got worse, trading became harder- encouraged exploration and the discovery of new trade routes

Question 15

Sir Walter Raleigh 1584

Answer 15

• Elizabeth gave him permission to colonise any party of the Americas not ruled by Christians- but they did not last

Question 16

Sir John Hawkins

Answer 16

1562-1564 - Hawkins made profits from the Triangular Trade
1568- ships attacked by the Spanish in Mexico- response to trying to break Spains monopoly

Question 17

First person to circumnavigate the globe

Answer 17

Drake - between 1577-1580
- He captured 40,000 of Spanish treasure in Panama
-He was knighted on his return- it encoraged more British sailors

Question 18

Roanake Island Virginia colony

Answer 18

1585- most of the 108 settlers returned to England in 1586- by 1590 there was nobody in the colony
- It was then called the lost colony- not good land for farming and not enough supplies

Question 19

Inflation by the end

Answer 19

• The price of goods increased by 400%
  -The debasement of the coinage in 1540s- meant that purchasing power of money decreased
• Increased government spending- put more money in circulation
  -Rise in population- goods were more in demand

Question 20

urban growth

Answer 20

• London grew faster, new urban centres began such as Manchester however some towns declined - Winchester
  -New urban centres grew because of manufacturing, although it was still small-scale
  -House building and entertainment did well

Question 21

Enclosure acts in 1598

Answer 21

• restrict enclosure and prevent more land being taken away from crops and given over the animals

Question 22

Rural tenants

Answer 22

• People renting land faced increased rents when leases expired- as rents rose leases became shorter term

Question 23

Literacy rates

Answer 23

• Rates rose from 20% to 30%

Question 24

Petty schools

Answer 24

• No official curriculm
• Run by wealthy people or local priests
  -Started at age 6 , became literate and then left

Question 25

Grammer schools

Answer 25

-Charged fees -The best students went to Cambridge and Oxford

Question 26

Attempt to ban organs

Answer 26

1562- failed

Question 27

By 1600

Answer 27

- Vagrancy growing and new systems of poor relief established

Question 28

Culture

Answer 28

- theatre and music thriving and available to people of all classes - literature and education, but only for the middle and upper classes -Girls education still based around the home

Question 29

Elizabeths death

Answer 29

Named James as her successor on her deathbed in 1603 and he was coronated on 25th July 1603

Question 30

Why were people poor

Answer 30

- Harvest failure Rise in Population by 43% between 1550-1600 Trade embargo on wool exports to the Netherlands Inflation Enclosure and engrossing

Question 31

Illness

Answer 31

- smallpox epidemic in 1562 -plague epidemics in London 1563( killing 20% if the pop

Question 32

Act of Husbandary and Tillage

Answer 32

1598- protect tillage employment

Question 33

Elizabeths distinctions between the poor from deserving of aid and those that were undeserving

Answer 33

DESERVING- too olf to work, blind, too young to work, physically disabled,widows UNDESERVING- former soldiers, criminals, beggers, migrants

Question 34

Third category of poor

Answer 34

1576- deserving, able-bodied unemployed

Question 35

Treatment for the deserving

Answer 35

-Compulsory contributions to poor relief -Powers of overseers of poor carefully defined

Question 36

Treatment to the underserving

Answer 36

- whipping -House of correction to be set up to punish those who refused to work - Punishments for vagrancy

Question 37

Treatment for the able bodied

Answer 37

-JPs required to buy raw materials to provide work for those who were able -Tools and materials to be provided for those able to work

Question 38

The Reniassance and New Learning

Answer 38

fostered a culture where artists wished to push boundaries and develop their field

Question 39

High culture

Answer 39

Architecture Drama Music composition Painting/sculpture Poetry

Question 39

Shakespeare

Answer 39

Playwright and poet- 'The Bard'

Question 39

Popular culture

Answer 39

Magic/witchcraft Executions Bear-baiting/cock fighting Hunting/fishing/archery Ballads

Question 40

Christopher Marlowe(better thought of)

Answer 40

Playwright- helped develop the art form with his plays

Question 41

Edward Spenser

Answer 41

Poet and Writer- Elizabeth as a mythical, magical person in a poem

Question 42

Thomas Tallis

Answer 42

Composer- for 4 of the Tudor monarchs- changed writing style depending on the religion of the monarch - he himself was a devout Catholic