Socioeconomic and Religious Developments 1558-64 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What major socioeconomic issues did England face in early Elizabethan times (1558-1564)?
Bad harvests, high mortality rate, inflation, high taxation, declining real wages
High mortality increased bargaining power of survivors.
What were the two ineffective methods of dealing with socioeconomic issues proposed by Elizabeth’s 1st Parliament?
JP’s, Royal Proclamations
What action did the Council of the North take regarding wage rates?
Enforced a schedule of wage rates that had applied in 1514
Led to 113 workers being charged with unlawfully high wages.
What was the Statute of Artificers (1563)?
Compulsory labour, minimum hire period of 1 year, apprenticeship requirement, maximum wage rates established by JPs.
Why did Cecil think it important to provide Poor Relief?
Concern that homeless and unemployed people could turn to crime, posing a threat to law and order.
Was Parliamentary Legislation successful at providing Poor Relief? Why or why not?
No, it was quite unsuccessful; acts passed did not accomplish much and national legislation lagged behind local provisions.
How did Elizabeth stabilize the currency early in her reign?
Withdrawn debased coins and replaced them with newly minted coins.
To what extent did Elizabeth fix the economic problems?
Fixed problems to a small extent; local provisions were more effective than government efforts.
How was Elizabeth viewed by returning Protestant exiles?
As the ‘English Deborah’, a protector figure.
What was Elizabeth’s approach to appointments in the church?
Moderate, with early appointments being moderates and more evangelical hierarchy.
What was Elizabeth’s stance on clergy marriages?
Cautiously conservative; she was not keen on clergy marriages.
How did Elizabeth ensure the continuation of musical culture?
By ensuring it continued in cathedrals and university colleges.
What did Elizabeth view the Settlement as?
An act of state defining the Crown-Church relationship.
How did others view the Settlement?
As the start of a spiritual renewal leading to England becoming God’s elect nation.
How would you describe Henry VIII’s government?
Weak.
What was the state of Somerset’s government during Edward’s reign?
Quite weak; multiple rebellions occurred.
What did Northumberland achieve during his government?
Improved the economic situation, increased church revenue.
How would you describe Mary’s government?
Weak.
How would you describe Elizabeth’s government?
Average.
