Sociology 120 quiz 1 Flashcards
(14 cards)
General definition of a theory
Common sense explanation of something
Scientific theory is ________
tested with evidence
Theories are important because they (3)
Explain something important
Give insight beneath the surface
Heart of any science
What big revolution mostly birthed sociology
industrial revolution
Changes in the “division of labor” during the industrial revolution
Urban vs Rural (game against nature vs game with people)
Self sufficiency vs interdependence
Animals/Plants vs Machines/Technology
Examples of impact of changes of “division of labor” in industrial revolution
Time
Distance
Death
Most important change in the Industrial Revolution
Specialization or advance division of labor
efficiency
Modern social problems
Urban poverty replaces rural
Who gets blamed for problem: other people
squeaky wheel (most attention gets help)
Auguste Comte
Late 1700s early 1800s
Crazy
Gave sociology its name
Social dynamics-change vs social statics-staying the same
Herbert Spenser
1800s Sees dickensian poverty in streets Solution: do nothing Laissez-faire Survival of the fittest (applies darwin) English Conservative
Karl Marx
Jewish German outsider like durkheim Conflict Theory economic factors have a prime role in determining historical change Beliefs: Haves vs have nots Economic system as a prime factor Rich control the poor Saw history as a conflict between classes Ideas reflect $/power, class domination Communism
Emile Durkheim
Late 1800s early 1900
Jewish outsider (like marx)
Functionalism
Organic Solidarity- Division of labor- organs in body
Mechanical Solidarity- Similar beliefs- religion/ patriotism
Culture is key
According to Durkheim, what part of society is most important? and what emotions can it cause?
Culture
strong and irrational emotion (can come from a ritual)
Max Weber (and types of power)
Late 1800s early 1900s
Conflict theory like marx, but more cynical
Power- Ability to get, against resistance
types of power
1. economic
2. political
3. status
