Somatosensory Receptors

Question 1

Skin receptors - stimuli outside the body

Answer 1

Exteroreceptors

Question 2

Muscle, tendon, joint receptors - awareness of body position and movements

Answer 2

Proprioceptors

Question 3

Viscera receptors - monitor events within the body

Answer 3

Enteroreceptors

Question 4

Receptors that detect chemicals

Answer 4

Chemoreceptors

Question 5

A specialized neuron able to detect and react to light during vision

Answer 5

Photoreceptors

Question 6

Detect mechanical forces

Answer 6

Mechanoreceptors

Question 7

Detect changes in temperature

Answer 7

Thermoreceptors

Question 8

Detect pain

Answer 8

Nociceptors

Question 9

Slowly adapting - continous

Answer 9

Tonic

Question 10

Rapidly adapting - onset and cessation of stimuli

Answer 10

Phasic

Question 11

Ability to recognize objects by touch alone

Answer 11

Stereogenesis

Question 12

Ability to recognize numbers or letters drawn on the skin, it requires memory

Answer 12

Graphesthesia

Question 13

▫ Requires intact pathway from deep structures
▫ Low frequency 128 vibrations/second are associated with the light touch pathways

Answer 13

Vibration sense

Question 14

The minimum distance needed between two stimuli to perceive them as two units.

Answer 14

Two-point dsicrimination

Question 15

Which receptor has two-point discrimination?

Answer 15

Merkel’s receptors

Question 16

The space or region over which a stimulus alters neuronal activity

Answer 16

Receptive Field (rf)

Question 17

Sensory receptors convert a stimulus into a neural activity

Answer 17

Stimulus transduction

Question 18

How does a sensory receptor convert a stimulus into a transduction?

Answer 18

Mechanoreceptors open ion channels -> receptor potential (rapid or slow) -> stimulus transduction

Question 19

Type of Receptors that release neurotransmitters onto sensory neurons, initiating AP

Answer 19

Special sense receptors
ex: hair cells

Question 20

Type of Receptors that have nerve endings in CT capsules

Answer 20

Complex neural receptors

Question 21

Type of receptors that are neurons with free nerve endings - no capsule - unmyelinated

Answer 21

Simple receptors - slower conduction

Question 22

Primary Sensory Neuron

Answer 22

First order neuron - DRG

Question 23

Dermis is composed of what kind of receptors?

Answer 23

Mechanoreceptors - pressure stretch, vibration

Question 24

Encapsulated Receptors:

Answer 24

Meissner’s
Pacinian’s
Ruffini’s

Question 25

Un-encapsulated Receptors:

Answer 25

Merkel’s disks/cells Hair follicle receptors

Question 26

Found in glabrous skin, capsulated, rapid adapting, sensitive to light touch, small rf

Answer 26

Meissner's corpuscles

Question 27

Found in hairy and glabrous skin, capsulated, rapid adapting, large rf, lamellae

Answer 27

Pacinian's corpuscles

Question 28

Found in deep layer of dermis, hair and glabrous skin, slowly adapting, large rf deteching skin stretch and pressure and thermoreceptor

Answer 28

Ruffini's corpuscles endings

Question 29

Nonencapsulated, in basal cell layer of epidermis below glabrous skin of lips, genitalia, slowly adapting, small rf

Answer 29

Merkel's receptors discs

Question 30

Meshlike arrangement of axons around hair follicle - discrete tacile stimulating fast and slow adapting

Answer 30

Hair follicle receptors

Question 31

These corpuscles are important for sensing movement of an object across the skin

Answer 31

Meissner and Pacinian

Question 32

These corpuscles provides input related to displacement and velocity of the stimulus Signaling the pressure and shape of the object through the skin

Answer 32

Merkel and Ruffini

Question 33

The body’s ability to transmit position sense

Answer 33

Proprioception

Question 34

Types of proprioception

Answer 34

Conscious and unconscious

Question 35

Detect muscle length

Answer 35

Muscle spindles

Question 36

Detect muscle strength

Answer 36

Golgi tendon organs

Question 37

Which adaption provide information regarding the dynamic aspect of kinesthesia

Answer 37

Rapid adapting

Question 38

Which adaption provide information about static aspect of kinesthesia

Answer 38

Slow adapting

Question 39

- Single row of central nuclei - Smaller and shorter than the nuclear bag fiber

Answer 39

Nuclear chain fiber

Question 40

- Cluster of nuclei located in a bag-like dilation at the center of the fiber - Largest intrafusal fiber

Answer 40

Nuclear bag fiber

Question 41

What type of endings do primary afferents type Ia have?

Answer 41

Annulospiral endings

Question 42

What type of endings do secondary afferents have?

Answer 42

Flower spray endings

Question 43

Stretch reflexis is also known as the:

Answer 43

Myotatic Reflex

Question 44

What fiber type is an extrafusal skeletal muscle fiber?

Answer 44

A-alpha

Question 45

What fiber type is an intrafusal muscle fiber?

Answer 45

A-gamma

Question 46

What fiber type is an preganglionic autonomic fiber?

Answer 46

B

Question 47

What fiber type is an postganglionic autonomic fiber?

Answer 47

C - unmyelinated