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WSET 3 Review Cards > Spain / Portugal > Flashcards

Spain / Portugal Flashcards

1
Q

What soil is present in Jerez and what are its characteristics?

A

Albariza - with high chalk that drains well

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2
Q

Which grape variety when grown on low yielding old vines gives Priorat wines intensity and complexity?

A

Garnacha Tinta

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3
Q

Which sub region of Rioja produces the lightest wines due to its altitude?

A

Rioja Alavesa

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4
Q

What is the dominant black grape variety in Bairrada?

A

Baga

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5
Q

What is the typical modern vine training method in Vinho Verde?

A

Spur pruned VSP

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6
Q

Which black grape variety is added to high quality Rioja blends in small amounts to give black fruit aromas, acidity and tannin?

A

Graciano

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7
Q

In Spain, how many months of total ageing (oak plus bottle) does Red Gran Reserva require by law?

A

60

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8
Q

In Alentejo the red wines tend to be a blend of Aragones (Tempranillo) and which other grape variety that gives spicy red berry characters?

A

Trincadeira

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9
Q

Where is Toro located?

A

Subregion in the Duero Valley

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10
Q

What is the Poniente?

A

A cool westerly wind in Jerez

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11
Q

In which subregion are significant amounts of Gewurztraminer and Chardonnay grown?

A

Penedes

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12
Q

Which two black grape varieties are permitted in the production of Rosé Cava?

A

Garnacha and Monastrell

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13
Q

What describes a typical Albariño wine?

A

A dry wine with high acid and flavours of lemon and apricot

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14
Q

What is the climate of Vinho Verde in Portugal?

A

Moderate maritime

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15
Q

Which Portuguese region is known for making deeply coloured wines made from the grape Alfrocheiro?

A

Dão

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16
Q

Which region is known for growing grapes for Port, but also makes unfortified red wines?

A

Douro

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17
Q

Which Portuguese region has the warmest climate?

A

Alentejo

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18
Q

What are the climate and weather characteristics of Jerez?

A

A hot Mediterranean climate with high rainfall

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19
Q

What is the climate of the Bairrada region?

A

Moderate maritime

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20
Q

True or False: Ribero del Duero is a DO for red and rose wines only.

A

True

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21
Q

In Spain, how many months in barrel does a Reserva Red wine require?

A

12

22
Q

What types of wine does Rueda produce?

A

Mainly white wines

23
Q

How many white varieties are approved for use in a white Rioja?

A

8

24
Q

Which region is known for its old vine Garnacha and Carinena?

A

Priorat

25
Q

What are Vinos de Pagos:

A

Wines from a single estate with a high reputation

26
Q

What is the largest Vinho Regional region in terms of production?

A

Alentejano VR

27
Q

Which high tannin and colour grape variety is used in blends in Alentejo?

A

Alicante Bouschet

28
Q

In which region is Pinot Noir one of the most planted grape varieties?

A

Penedes

29
Q

What is the Levante?

A

A hot easterly wind

30
Q

Age requirement for red Rioja Reserva

A

36 months total. 12 months min in barrel

31
Q

Describe the profile of Rioja Reserva

A

36 total months will promote controlled oxidation, leading to tertiary character like: leather, earth, mushroom.

12 months of barrel aging will promote secondary aromas of vanilla, cedar, smoke, oak, etc.

32
Q

Aging requirements of Rioja Joven

A

No minimum aging requirements

33
Q

Describe the profile of Rioja Joven

A

Vibrant primary fruit flavors and aromas - no barrel aging there will be no promotion of secondary or tertiary character

34
Q

What is the climate of Ribera del Duero?

A

Warm continental, hot and dry summers, very cold winters (high continentality)

35
Q

How are the wines from Ribera del Duero made?

A

Long maceration period to accentuate flavors and tannins, aged in French or American oak

36
Q

What mountains is Rioja Alavesa in?

A

Cantabrian Mountains

37
Q

How many months in oak is Gran Reserva Rioja required?

A

24

38
Q

What are 4 main grape varieties of Rioja?

A

Tempranillo, Garnacha, Graciano, Mazuelo

39
Q

Describe Tempranillo

A

Thick skinned, low/medium acidity, red fruits (strawberry cherry). Base of most Rioja blends

40
Q

Describe Garnacha

A

Hi alcohol, early maturing, light in color with red fruits, sweet spices (clove), pungent spice (white pepper). Used for blending to add alcohol

41
Q

Describe Graciano

A

Dark colored, high in tannin and acidity, black fruits, used to add seasoning to blend as it is exotic, spicy, and perfumed

42
Q

Describe Mazuelo

A

Also known as Carignan, high in color, tannin, and acidity. Dark fruited and used to add body and richness to a blend

43
Q

Describe the climate of the Douro Valley

A

Broadly warm continental with large diurnal swings - shielded from the Atlantic by the Serra do Marao. However there are differences from Baixo Corgo (cooler/wetter) tot he Douro Superior (warmer/drier)

44
Q

What does Socalcos mean?

A

Traditional narrow terraces supported by stone walls that are expensive to maintain with no mechanization prossible

45
Q

What does Patamares means?

A

More modern terraces w/out retaining walls to allow some mechanization, often following the contours of the land

46
Q

Explain the product method that makes Port sweet

A

The grapes are fermented in lagares for around 24-36 hours to obtain 5-9% alcohol, fortification happens with a spirit called aguardente at around 77% abv. Adding this kills the yeast, stopping fermentation early leaving residual sugar.

47
Q

List 4 techniques that winemakers commonly used to maximize extraction

A
  1. Foot Treading
  2. Autovinifiers
  3. Robotic Lagars
  4. Piston Plungers
48
Q

How does maturation affect Port?

A

Initially the wine will have Primary fruit characters such as concentrated black fruit, and sweet spice. As the the intense phenolics dissipate it will develop into tertiary characters such as dried fruit, leather, forest floor, meat, and tobacco

49
Q

Why does port have such heavy sediment?

A

The wines are bottled unfit and unfiltered, they are allowed to age in bottle and tannin breaks down giving a heavy sediment

50
Q

What does flor yeast need to thrive?

A

Flor needs precise levels of alcohol (15%, cannot go above 15.5%), temperature, and humidity. It favors cool to moderate temperatures with high humidity.

WSET 3 Review Cards (23 decks)

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