Spinal Cord Anatomy

Question 1

T/F: Reflexes only require an afferent neuron or an efferent neuron.

Answer 1

False

________________

Reflexes require both afferent and efferent neurons

Question 2

_________ area of white matter has the same function as lateral area.

Answer 2

Ventral area of white matter has the same function as lateral area.

Question 3

__________: enlargement of the spinal cord that includes the lumbar plexus as well as is sensory and motor to the pelvic limb.

Answer 3

Lumbar Intumescence: enlargement of the spinal cord that includes the lumbar plexus as well as is sensory and motor to the pelvic limb.

Question 4

_________ matter consists of myelinated and unmyelinated axons.

Answer 4

White matter consists of myelinated and unmyelinated axons.

Question 5

T1 - Cd5 nerves exit the ___________

Answer 5

T1 - Cd5 nerves exit the intervertebral space

Question 6

T3 to L3 = _______ region

Answer 6

T3 to L3 = lumbosacral region

Question 7

Sensory information comes from peripheral nerves through ________ of the spinal cord.

Answer 7

Sensory information comes from peripheral nerves through dorsal roots of the spinal cord.

Question 8

_________ of grey matter consists of motor neurons

Answer 8

Ventral horn of grey matter consists of motor neurons

Question 9

_________ area of white matter is responsible for position and movement of limbs in space

Answer 9

Dorsal area of white matter is responsible for position and movement of limbs in space

Question 10

_________ of grey matter is responsible for receiving, processing and relaying afferent information.

Answer 10

Dorsal horn of grey matter is responsible for receiving, processing and relaying afferent information.

Question 11

Motor information goes to skeletal muscle or smooth muscle through the ________ from the spinal cord.

Answer 11

Motor information goes to skeletal muscle or smooth muscle through the ventral root from the spinal cord.

Question 12

_________ pathways carry commands from the brain

Answer 12

Descending pathways carry commands from the brain

Question 13

Funiculi of nerve fibers from ascending and descending motor systems are located in ________ matter

Answer 13

Funiculi of nerve fibers from ascending and descending motor systems are located in white matter

Question 14

_________ Spinal Cord Segments

Answer 14

36 Spinal Cord Segments

________________

8 Cervical, 13 Thoracic, 7 Lumbar, 3 Sacral and 5 Caudal

Question 15

Spinal cord segments S1 and S2 are important in regards to the ________ nerve.

Answer 15

Spinal cord segments S1 and S2 are important in regards to the sciatic nerve.

Question 16

General functions of the spinal cord

Answer 16

Sensory input and motor output

Reflexes

Transmission of information to and from the brain

Question 17

C2 -C7 nerves are named for the (crainal/caudal) vertebral body.

Answer 17

C2 -C7 nerves are named for the (crainal/caudal) vertebral body.

Question 18

__________ area of white matter is responsible fore ascending sensory and descending motor pathways

Answer 18

Lateral area of white matter is responsible fore ascending sensory and descending motor pathways

Question 19

___________ pathways carry sensory information to the brain.

Answer 19

Ascending pathways carry sensory information to the brain.

Question 20

T1 - Cd5 are named for the (cranial/caudal) vertebral body

Answer 20

T1 - Cd5 are named for the (crainial/caudal) vertebral body

Question 21

C8 nerve exits the intervertebral foramen between vertebrate __________

Answer 21

C8 nerve exits the intervertebral foramen between vertebrate C7 and T1

Question 22

__________ of grey matter is a network of interneurons

Answer 22

Intermediate zone of grey matter is a network of interneurons

Question 23

__________: enlargement of the spinal cord that includes the bracial plexus as well as is sensory and motor to the thoracic limb.

Answer 23

Cervical Intumescence: enlargement of the spinal cord that includes the bracial plexus as well as is sensory and motor to the thoracic limb.

Question 24

Cervical intumescence is between what spinal cord segments

Answer 24

C6 and T2

Question 25

Afferent = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 25

Afferent = **Sensory**

Question 26

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_: neurons originating in the brainstem or spinal cord that synapse onto skeletal muscles

Answer 26

**Lower Motor Neurons**: neurons originating in the brainstem or spinal cord that synapse onto skeletal muscles

Question 27

T/F: Peripheral nerve damage can show the same clinical signs as a specific peripheral nerve that is damaged (ie the Femoral Nerve)

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Lumbar intumescence is located between what spinal cord segments

Answer 28

L4 and S2

Question 29

Dorsal and ventral roots terminate in _______ matter.

Answer 29

Dorsal and ventral roots terminate in **white** matter.

Question 30

C2-C7 nerve exit the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 30

C2-C7 nerve exit the **intervertebral foramen**

Question 31

C1 nerve exits the ____________ of the atlas

Answer 31

C1 nerve exits the **lateral vertebral foramen** of the atlas

Question 32

Efferent = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 32

Efferent = **Motor**

Question 33

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_: portion of the spinal cord where spinal cord segments dont line up with vertebral segments

Answer 33

**Cauda equina**: portion of the spinal cord where spinal cord segments dont line up with vertebral segments

Question 34

Cauda equina begins at _______ in dogs.

Answer 34

Cauda equina begins at **L4** in dogs.

Question 35

C1 to C5 = _______ region

Answer 35

C1 to C5 = **Cranial cervical** region

Question 36

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ : descending neurons originating from teh cerebral motor cortex or various nuclei of the brainstem.

Answer 36

**Upper Motor Neuron** : descending neurons originating from teh cerebral motor cortex or various nuclei of the brainstem.

Question 37

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of grey matter contains pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons and is located only in spinal segments T1 to L3 or L4

Answer 37

**Lateral horn** of grey matter contains pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons and is located only in spinal segments T1 to L3 or L4

Question 38

C6 to T2 = _________ region

Answer 38

C6 to T2 = **cervicothoracic** region