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spinal cord and tracts Flashcards

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1
Q

functions of the spinal cord

A
  • highway for information flow between the body and brain - contains neurons involved in local reflex arcs
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2
Q

the spinal cord structure is essentially the ______ along the entire length

A

same

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3
Q

connective tissue layers

A

meninges

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4
Q

cross section of spinal cord is the size of

A

a nickel or dime

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5
Q

anterior is called

A

ventral

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6
Q

posterior is called

A

dorsal

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7
Q

the thoracic spinal segment gray matter has a characteristic

A

lateral form

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8
Q

ventral spinal cord function

A

motor/efferent

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9
Q

dorsal spinal cord function

A

sensory.afferent

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10
Q

cell bodies of motor/efferent neurons are in _____ and the axons travel in the _____

A
  • spinal cord gray matter
  • nerve
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11
Q

cell bodies of sensory/afferent neurons are in ____ and whose axons ________

A

dorsal root ganglion enter the spinal cord dorsally

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12
Q

axons that cross the midline

A

commissures

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13
Q

dorsal horn of butterfly

A

sensory functions

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14
Q

ventral form of butterfly

A

motor functions

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15
Q

What region of the spinal cord

A

cervical

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16
Q

what region of the spinal cord?

A

thoracic

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17
Q

what region of spinal cord is this?

A

lumbar

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18
Q

what region of spinal cord?

A

saccral

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19
Q

in the ventral horn, Neurons innervating _____ muscles are medial

A

proximal

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20
Q

in the ventral horn, Neurons innervating _____ muscles are lateral

A

distal

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21
Q

The T1-L2 and S2-4 levels of the spinal cord have an additional enlargement in the ventral (motor) horn : _____ aka _____

A

lateral horn

intermediolateral column

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22
Q

This is the location of the preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons of the ANS.

A

the lateral horn/intermediolateral column

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23
Q

Axons with similar functions (and destinations) group together into ________. Although these exist, we cannot see most individual tracts within the white matter.

A

tracts / fasiculus / columns.

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24
Q

Motor tracts arise in the frontal lobe’s ______ aka _____

A

Precentral gyrus

Primary motor cortex

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25
purpose of the primary motor cortex
Voluntary control over skeletal muscle movement
26
Somatosensory tracts end in the parietal lobe’s ________ aka \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Postcentral gyrus Primary somatosensory cortex
27
purpose of primary somatosensory complex
Conscious perception of somatosensory input
28
Location of FIRST neuron in the cerebral cortex to receive sensory information for a given modality from lower CNS region
Primary sensory cortex
29
Location of LAST neuron in the cerebral cortex before information descends to lower levels of the CNS.
primary motor cortex
30
The cerebral cortex deals with the \_\_\_\_body/world. Therefore tracts will \_\_\_\_
contralateral cross
31
ascending/sensory tracts
spinal thalamic tract (STT) dorsal column medial lemniscus (DCML)
32
sensory modalities of spinothalamic tract
pain, temperature, crude touch, tickle, itch
33
how many neurons make up the chain of sensory/ascending pathways?
3 neuron chain
34
decussation of spinothalamic tract
level of entry
35
information is brought to the cerebral cortex of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
post central gyrus
36
ascending/sensory tracts neuron 1
centrally projecting axon that entrers the spinal cord from its dermatome
37
neuron 2 always _____ but the cell body is located in different areas depending on sensory modality
decussates
38
in the ascending/sensory tract, neuron 3 cell body is in the _____ and the axon travels in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
thalamus posterior limb of internal capsule
39
in the spinothalamic tract, the nerves run in this area of the white matter
anterolateral system
40
sensory input in the dorsal column medial lemniscus
fine touch, vibration, proprioception - comes from meissners corpuscles, stretch receptors, etc
41
decussation in the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract
at medulla
42
Where do axons carrying information on PAIN from the LEFT toe terminate in the primary somatosensory cortex
RIGHT postcentral gyrus toward the longitudinal fissure
43
Where do axons carrying information on FINE TOUCH from the LEFT toe terminate in the primary somatosensory cortex?
RIGHT postcentral gyrus toward the longitudinal fissure
44
desending motor tract is called the
corticospinal tract
45
the corticospinal tract is a ___ neuron chain
2
46
in the corticospinal tract, neuron 1 is in the ________ also called the \_\_\_\_\_\_
precentral gyrus upper motor neuron
47
the upper motorn neuron travels in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
posterior limb internal capsule
48
90% of the neurons in the corticospinal tract decussate in the ________ of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
decussate in the medulla (Pyramids) of the Lateral corticospinal tract
49
in the corticospinal tract, neuron 2 is in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
spinal cord ventral horn
50
neuron 2 in the corticospinal tract is also called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
lower motor neuron
51
the lower motor neuron exits into _______ and innervates _____ of limbs
spinal nerves skeletal muscle
52
descending sympathetic informatoin to lateral horn and then to the face is called the
hypothalamospinal descending motor tract
53
hyothalamospinal tract neurons arise in the ______ and travel caudally to synapse on the pregnaglionic neuron in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
hypothalamus thoracic spinal cord lateral horn
54
in facial innervation, the axon jumps onto the _________ and travels to facial structures (pupil, eye lid, sweat glands, skin vessels)
internal carotid artery
55
hypothalamospinal tract and facial innervation decussation
no decussation!
56
lesion in sympathetic pathway causes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
horners syndrome
57
constriction of pupils
miosis
58
ptosis
droopy eyelids - loss of sup. tarsal muscle
59
anhydrosis
lack of sweating
60
Horners syhdrome is characterized by
miosis, ptosis, anhydrosis, flushing (vasodilation)
61
spinal cord aterial blood supply - arises in ______ portion of brain
posterior
62
\_\_\_ arteries send branches into the interior of the spinal cord. Name them
3 posterior spinal arteries (2) anterior spinal artery (1)
63
each posterior spinal artery supplies unilateral _____ area dorsal column
sensory
64
anterior spinal artery supplies ___ and ___ areas bilaterally
motor and sensory
65
lower leg axons run through this area in ascending/sensory tract
fasiculus gracilus in the posterior column

Neuro (27 decks)

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