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CADE > Spinal Nerves and ANS > Flashcards

Spinal Nerves and ANS Flashcards

1
Q

CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Spinal cord

A

Neural tissue, shorter than vertebral column, ends at Lumbar section

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3
Q

Vertebral Column

A

Bone

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4
Q

PNS

A

Spinal nerves, Fibers

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5
Q

Fiber Types

A

Somatic and Visceral

Sensory and Motor

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6
Q

Somatic

A

Body wall (outside of trunk), Limbs

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7
Q

Visceral

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

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8
Q

Sensory

A

Brings sense in

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9
Q

Motor

A

Signals starts in CNS and goes out to visceral

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10
Q

Cervical Spinal Cord

A

8 cervical spinal cord levels in neck

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11
Q

Thoracic Spinal Cord

A

12 thoracic spinal cord levels in chest

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12
Q

Lumbar Spinal Cord

A

5 lumbar spinal cord levels in lower back

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13
Q

Sacral Spinal Cord

A

5 sacral spinal cord levels

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14
Q

Coccygeal Spinal cord

A

1 level

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15
Q

Spinal cord pairs

A

One pair associated with each level. Conveys information to and from

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16
Q

Spinal nerves

A

Names derived from the vertebrae between which they arise

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17
Q

Vertebral Column

A 
33 vertebrae arranged in 5 regions
7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
4 Coccygeal
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18
Q

Intervertebral foramen

A

Where spinal nerves exit the vertebral column between adjacent vertebrae

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19
Q

Spinal Nerves

A

8 pairs of cervical spinal nerves
C1-7 spinal nerves named for vertebra inferior to their exit
The rest are named by vertebra superior to their exit

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20
Q

Conus medullaris

A

Tapered area where spinal cord narrows to, End at L1 Vertebral level

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21
Q

Cauda equina

A

The more caudal (lower) nerve roots which are longer and more vertical

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22
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Where cauda equina is housed, widened area, lumbar cistern, site of lumbar puncture

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23
Q

Pia mater

A

Stabilize the spinal cord transversely and longitudinally,

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24
Q

Denticulate ligaments

A

Pia mater that stabilizes spinal cord transversely (side to side)

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25
Filum terminale
Pia mater that stabilizes spinal cord from top to bottom
26
Dorsal root
Off dorsal horn, one set on each side of spinal cord level
27
Dorsal root (spinal) Ganglion
Group of cell bodies out CNS, Swelling on dorsal root
28
Ventral Root
Motor fibers, merges with dorsal root, less nerve fibers
29
True spinal nerve
Nerve root, where ventral and dorsal roots converge
30
Ventral Ramus
Ventral branch of nerves, can remain segmental (in trunk), or unite with other ventral rami to form a Plexus
31
Dorsal Ramus
Dorsal branch of nerves, each will remain separate (segmental) throughout entire length of spinal cord, carries motor and sensory fibers
32
Cervical plexus
(APR C1-C4) thousands of axons
33
Brachial Plexus
(APR C5-T1) thousands of axons
34
Dermatome
Strip of skin supplied by sensory branches of a dorsal and ventral rami from ONE spinal cord level
35
Limb dermatome
fibers from a single spinal cord level in the limbs may be carried by several peripheral nerves arising from a plexus
36
Cutaneous Innervation
Consists of an area of skin innervated by a peripheral nerve
37
Myotome
Group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve
38
Somatic Nervous System
Somatic motor | Somatic sensory
39
Visceral nervous system
Visceral motor (ANS) Sympathetic- preganglionic (presynaptic), Postganglionic (postsynaptic) Parasympaethic- preganglionic (presynaptic), postganglionic (postsynaptic) Visceral sensory
40
Motor Neuron
Efferent (from CNS to effector organ) | From lower motor neuron, out through ventral root, through true spinal nerve, out ventral or dorsal ramus
41
Sensory Neuron
Afferent (from effector organ, sensory organ to CNS) | From dorsal ramus, true spinal nerve, extend through dorsal root, synapse in dorsal root, to associated neuron
42
Visceral nervous system
Links CNS to a gland, internal organ or blood vessel | sensory or motor neurons
43
Visceral motor
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
44
Preganglionic neuron
Somewhere in CNS. Send axon out. Can NOT innervate a smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or gland. Only postganglionic neuron
45
Postganglionic neuron
Innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or gland
46
Autonomic ganglia
Have synapses
47
Somatic ganglia
NO SYNAPSES
48
Paravertebral Ganglia
Used only for synapses of the sympathetic division of the ANS Innervate targets in body wall, limbs, thoracic viscera
49
Sympathetic chain
Where synapse occurs for smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, thorax
50
Prevertebral ganglia
In front of vertebral columb Not in chain Used only for synapses of the sympathetic divison of the ANS Innervate targets in the abdomen and pelvis
51
Intramural ganglia
terminal ganglia Located close to, or within the wall of the effector organ These are sites of parasympathetic synapse Innervate targets in thorax, abdomen, and pelvis
52
Preganaglionic sympathetic cell bodies
Only in the spinal cord
53
intermediolateral grey horn (cell column)
T1-L2 Grey horn, Starting point of all preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies Thoracolumbar
54
Sympathetic Division
From lateral horn, ventral root, true spinal nerve, exit at white ramus (exit ramp), then it synapse within sympathetic chain ganglia Gray ramus is the on ramp back into true spinal nerve to go out dorsal or ventral ramus Only white rami from in IML horn
55
White rami
Only in IML from T1-L2 (off ramp) | input sympathetic innervation and are erstricted to T1-L2 where the sympathetic cell bodies are located
56
Gray Rami
From skull to coccyx (on ramp) Found at every vertebral level that exhibits a sympathetic ganglion More gray than white
57
preganglionic fiber
ascends or descends within symp. trunk to synapse in a sympathetic ganglion at a level other than that at which it entered the trunk
58
Splanchnic nerve
goes from postganglionic nerve to internal organ
59
Preganglionic fiber
passes through sympathetic ganglion via a splanchnic nerve to a prevertebral autonomic ganglion where it synapses
60
Parasympathetic Division
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands localized in the nuclei of the brain stem and in spinal cord segments S2-4 craniosacral in distribution
61
The preganglionic sympathetic fiber
travels out via cranial nerves (from the brain stem nuclei) | Synapses within intramural ganglions (vagus)
62
Pelvic splanchnic nerve
S2-4 to internal organs within parasympathetic ganglions
63
Visceral afferent
Sensory Carry sensory information from viscera to CNS Visceral afferents' cell bodies are in spinal/dorsal root ganglion
64
Visceral Afferents 2
Travel through splanchnic nerve. Send their axons from the viscera via the white rami communicans and travel up and down the sympathetic trunk prior to synapsing in the spinal cord

CADE (5 decks)

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