Spine

Question 1

Factors associated with improved outcome for surgical treatment of lumbar decompression

Answer 1

> 41
no joint problems
married

Question 2

Treatment algorythm for AARD

Answer 2

1 week - head halter and analgesia
> 1 month - halo halter and analgesia
> 3 months or neuro - C1/2 fusion

Question 3

Outcomes of surgical treatment of lumbar herniation pain without weakness

Answer 3

Improved pain and function at 4 years

Question 4

What is the appropriate prednisone dosing for acute SCI

Answer 4

Only delivered if the patient arrived

Question 5

Main tract affected by central cord syndrome

Answer 5

lateral corticospinal

Question 6

Changes associated with an aging disc

Answer 6

decreased water
decreased protein 
increased ratio keratin sulfate:chondroitin
decreased nutrition
increased enzymes

Question 7

Risk of THA in ank spond

Answer 7

anterior hip dislocation

Question 8

red snappers on a blue background

Answer 8

TB

Question 9

Best position for occipitocervical 8mm unicortical screw

Answer 9

2 cm lateral to EOP

Question 10

Smallest pedicle diamter

Answer 10

T6

Question 11

primitive tissues

Answer 11

neural crest - peripheral
neural tube - spinal cord
notochord - anterior bodies and discs

Question 12

which recurrent laryngeal nerve has a more variable course

Answer 12

right

50% will cross into the field (tracheoesophageal groove)

Question 13

biggest predictor of symptoms in adult spinal deformity

Answer 13

saggital plane imbalance

Question 14

characteristics of de novo spine deformity

Answer 14

smaller, shorter curve
fewer levels
more commonly in lumbar spine

Question 15

most useful test to identify spinal stenosis in adult scoliosis

Answer 15

myelography

Question 16

nonunion risk factors for T2 odontoid

Answer 16

fracture gap (> 1 mm)
posterior displacement (> 5 mm)
delayed start of treatment (> 4 days)
posterior redisplacement (> 2 mm)

Question 17

surgical indications for discitis

Answer 17

unsuccessful antibiotic treatment after 6 weeks
vertebral deformity or instability
neurological deficit
MRI showing >50% compression of thecal sac
depressed host immune response.

Question 18

best method to assess progression of idiopathic curve by skeletal maturity

Answer 18

tanner-whitehouse III

Hand XR looking at radius and ulna

Question 19

what is the most common complication following cervical laminoplasty

Answer 19

C5 palsy resulting in biceps weakness

Question 20

what is the most common complication following endoscopic transthoracic approach

Answer 20

intercostal neuralgia

Question 21

where does the saggital plumb line fall

Answer 21

C7 to the posterior aspect of S1

Question 22

what is true about revision micordiscectomy

Answer 22

equal outcomes to primary discectomy

Question 23

electrical simulation for SCI patients has the most effect on which of the following

Answer 23

skeletal muscle

Question 24

what has the highest negative predictive value of failure of nonoperative treatment with back pain

Answer 24

Visual analog scale

Question 25

Factors associated with pseudoarthrosis in adult spinal deformity correction

Answer 25

``` > 55 anterior approach saggital balance > 5cm smoking kyphosis > 20 deg ```

Question 26

what is the most powerful predictor of outcomes regarding lumbar stenosis

Answer 26

medical co-morbidities

Question 27

when does the odontoid ossification center appear

Answer 27

appears at 3, fuses at 12yo

Question 28

what percentage of patients with SCI suffer from depression

Answer 28

11%

Question 29

what is the most sensitive test to diagnose # in ank spond

Answer 29

CT

Question 30

when do you need to decompress cauda equina

Answer 30

48 hours

Question 31

lower functional level following surgery for degenerative spondylolisthesis

Answer 31

smoking

Question 32

risk of adjacent disease in lumbar spinal stenosis

Answer 32

adjacent level laminoplasty