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Rad Procedures x-ray views > Spine, chest, and abdomen > Flashcards

Spine, chest, and abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

PA chest

A
  • 35x43cm
  • orientation according to body habitus
  • face bucky
  • hands on back of hips
  • relax shoulders then roll shoulders forward
  • lift chin
  • centering at apex of scapula
  • include C7
  • 72” SID
  • 2nd full inspiration
  • marker face down
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2
Q

Lateral chest

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • true lateral (left lateral)
  • raise arms high
  • center 1” below apex of scapula (center lower than PA chest)
  • 2nd full inspiration
  • 72” SID
  • marker up
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3
Q

Lateral Decubitus chest (right or left)

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • 72” SID
  • lay patient down first and the position tube so fluid can settle
  • use a gridded cassette
  • patients lies on a sponge on left or right side
  • arms up above head
  • make sure hips are lined up and shoulders are lined up
  • air up - fluid down
  • AP(center 3”-4” below jugular notch)
  • PA(center at level of apex of scapula)
  • marker down and arrow
  • push cassette in as far as you can
  • 2nd full inspiration
  • patients line on side for 5 minutes prior to exposure
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4
Q

AP Lordotic

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • sit patient on stool 1 foot away from bucky
  • center 3-4”below jugular notch
  • have light above shoulders
  • roll shoulders forward
  • 72” SID
  • marker up
  • 2nd inspiration
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5
Q

AP supine abdomen

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • must include pubic symphysis
  • center at level of crest
  • 40” SID
  • arrow down
  • suspend expiration
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6
Q

left lateral decubitus abdomen

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • use a grid or upright bucky
  • lying on left side
  • sponge underneath patient
  • lay patient down first and then position tube and IR to let fluid settle
  • arms above head
  • center 2” above crest
  • must include diaphragm
  • patient on side for 5minutes before take the exposure
  • use filter on upper abdomen
  • 40” SID
  • marker down arrow up (or left decub marker)
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7
Q

AP/PA erect abdomen

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • standing or sitting on stretcher
  • centering 2” above crest or at the level of crest
  • must include diaphragm
  • 40” SID
  • patient erect for 5 minutes before take exposure
  • suspended expiration
  • put marker near bottom of image
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8
Q

Acute Abdomen Series

A

-PA chest
-supine abdomen (include symphysis)
-AP/PA erect abdomen(include diaphragm)
(do left lateral decub if patent cannot stand)

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9
Q

KUB

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • supine
  • center at level of crest
  • collimate side to side (ASIS to ASIS)
  • 40” SID
  • marker up arrow down
  • suspended expiration
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10
Q

Lateral C-spine

A
  • 24x30cm
  • lengthwise
  • 72” SID
  • true lateral
  • extend chin slightly
  • depress shoulders
  • top of IR 2” above EAM
  • center thyroid cartilage( when collimator is turned)
  • turn collimator
  • suspended expiration
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11
Q

lateral swimmers C- spine

A
  • 24x30cm
  • lengthwise
  • head and body in true lateral
  • left lateral
  • centering at C7
  • dependent arm up and out front
  • remote arm down and back ( put your hand on there back so they don’t turn)
  • use wedge filter (upper spine)
  • 72” SID
  • suspended expiration
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12
Q

PA Axial oblique C- spine

A

-18x24cm
-lengthwise
-2 views
patient must sit
-head and body 45* facing bucky (RAO + LAO)
-turn head lateral
-extend chin
-central ray 15-20 caudad
-angle collimator
-centering thyroid cartilage
-light never goes in eyes
-72” SID
-2markers in middle, face down
(Down, Down, Down)

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13
Q

AP Axial C- spine

A
  • 18x24cm
  • lengthwise
  • patient face tube
  • line up base of skull and chin
  • 40” SID
  • central ray 15-20 cephalad
  • centering below thyroid cartilage
  • collimate to soft tissue edges
  • suspended respiration
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14
Q

AP Open mouth Odontoid

A
  • 18x24cm
  • small collimation 5x5
  • put marker on first
  • 40” SID
  • open mouth wide
  • centering in middle of open mouth
  • line up mastoid tip and bottom of op teeth
  • suspended respiration
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15
Q

AP FUCHS

A

-18x24cm
-small collimation 5x5
-put marker on first
-40”SID
-line up MML(mentomeatal line)
centering just below tip of chin
-no rotation
-suspended respiration

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16
Q

AP T- spine

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • supine
  • flex knees
  • don’t have pillow under thoracic vertebrae
  • centering half way between jugular notch and xiphoid
  • need to have C7 and/or L1
  • use wedge filter (top of spine)
  • thin collimation
  • 40”SID
  • suspended expiration
17
Q

Lateral T- spine

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lateral
  • left lateral
  • flex knees
  • sponge under waist (make spine straight)
  • centering at the level of apex of scapula
  • centering more posterior on spine
  • lead masking on table
  • suspended expiration
  • perpendicular ray ( may need to angle cephalad)
18
Q

lateral swimmers T- spine

A
  • 24x30cm
  • lengthwise
  • left lateral (keep spine lateral)
  • dependent arm out and up ( move shoulder anterior)
  • remote arm down and back (move shoulder posterior)
  • perpendicular ray(3-5 caudad if shoulder won’t move down)
  • centering at level of C7
  • center more posterior
  • use wedge filter (top half)
  • 40” SID
  • suspended expiration
19
Q

AP L- Spine

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • supine
  • flex knees
  • 40” SID
  • center at the level of L3 (lower costal margin)
  • thin collimation
  • suspended expiration
20
Q

Lateral L- spine

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • left lateral, supine
  • flex knees
  • arms out in front
  • place sponge under waist
  • centering at level of L3(lower costal margin
  • perpendicular ray
  • 40”SID
  • lead on table behind patient
  • suspended expiration
21
Q

Lateral L/S joint (L5/S1)

A
  • 18x24cm
  • lengthwise
  • 40”SID
  • sponge under waist to make spine straight
  • use the “L” hand (thumb on crest, middle finger on ASIS centering below 2nd knuckle)
  • tight collimation
  • lead on table behind patient
  • suspended expiration
  • need to include bottom of L4 and upper sacrum
22
Q

PA Oblique L- spine

A
  • 35x43cm
  • lengthwise
  • 2 views
  • semi prone
  • 40” SID
  • patient in recovery position (one arm down alone side, other arm out in front and up, head turned to side one leg straight, other leg hip and leg bent out in front)
  • 45* LAO and RAO
  • centering 1” lateral to spine on elevated side at level of Lower Costal Margin
  • 2 markers at top
  • suspended expiration
  • collimate in a bit
23
Q

Trauma Lateral cross table C- spine

A
  • 24x30cm
  • lengthwise
  • NO MOVING HEAD
  • cross table
  • parallel grid
  • 72” SID
  • horizontal ray
  • depress shoulders if possible
  • centering on upper thyroid cartilage
  • light at level of EAM
  • use a wedge filter on upper c-spine
  • suspended full expiration
  • marker up arrow up
24
Q

Trauma AP Axial C- spine

A
  • 18x24cm
  • lengthwise
  • NO MOVING HEAD
  • in bucky
  • supine on table
  • 15* cephalad ray
  • centering at thyroid cartilage
  • 40” SID
  • suspended expiration
25
Q

Trauma AP open mouth (Odontoid)

A
  • 18x24cm
  • lengthwise
  • NO MOVING HEAD
  • lower jaw as much as patient is able, but don’t tilt head back
  • adjust angle on tube to be parallel to line from bottom of top teeth to mastoid tip
  • tight collimation ( may be larger then normal odontoid)
  • 40” SID
  • suspended expiration
26
Q

AP Axial SI Joints

A
  • 24x30cm
  • crosswise
  • supine, extend legs
  • central ray cephalad 30(males), 35 (females)
  • centering 2” below ASIS
  • lead shielding on crest (can shield males)
  • light to ASIS
  • marker up on edge
  • 40”SID
  • suspended respiration
27
Q

AP Oblique SI Joints

A
  • 18x24cm
  • lengthwise
  • 2 views
  • 25-30 RPO and LPO
  • perpendicular ray
  • 1” medial to elevated ASIS
  • 40” SID
  • tight collimation
  • suspended respiration
28
Q

AP Axial Sacrum

A
  • 24x30cm
  • lengthwise
  • supine
  • 15* cephalad ray
  • centering 2” inferior to ASIS
  • marker up
  • 40” SID
  • suspended expiration
29
Q

AP Axial Coccyx

A
  • 18x24cm
  • lengthwise
  • supine
  • 10* caudad ray
  • centering 2” inferior to ASIS
  • marker up
  • 40”SID
  • suspended expiration
30
Q

Lateral Sacrum and Coccyx

A
  • 24x30cm
  • lengthwise
  • lateral position
  • knees bent
  • sponge under waist
  • perpendicular ray
  • centering 3-4” posterior to ASIS
  • have light 1” above ASIS ( don’t need a lot of light above crest)
  • 40” SID
  • lead on table
  • use wedge/boomerang filter on coccyx
  • suspended expiration
31
Q

Lateral Coccyx

A
  • 18x24cm
  • lengthwise
  • lateral position
  • sponge under waist
  • make sure hips are lined up
  • perpendicular ray
  • centering 3-4” posterior and 4” inferior to ASIS
  • lead on table
  • marker in front corner
  • suspended expiration

Rad Procedures x-ray views (4 decks)

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