Spine Sports Injuries Flashcards
What is the most common back injury in children?
spondylosis
What is spondylosis?
Fracture of the pars interarticularis of the lumbar spine
What lumbar segment is the most often affected?
L5
Bracing is not required if the spondylosis slip is less than __%
25 (grade I)
What is spondylolisthesis?
Anterior slippage of one vertebral body on another
What segmental level does spondylolisthesis tend to occur?
L5-S1
What are the 4 spondylolisthesis grades?
I) 0-25%
II) 25-50%
III) 50-75%
IV ) 75-100%
What are the symptoms of both spondylosis and spondylolisthesis?
- pain with spinal extension and combined extension rotation movements
- “step off” sign of adjacent spinous processes
What is the recommende treatment for spondylolisthesis
- custom molded TLSO
- core muscle strengthening and endurance training
What does posterior element overuse syndrome refer to?
a constellation of conditions involving muscle tendons, ligaments, facet joints, and joint capsules that creates pain in the lower back
What is treatment for posterior element overuse syndrome?
rest, activity modification, and rehabilitation to address flexibility, strength, and motor control deficits
What causes a stinger?
traction injury to the brachial plexus
What nerve roots does a stringer usually involve?
C5-C6
What percentage of concussions go unnoticed?
50%
Describe the pathophysiology of a concussion
Axonal injury and damage to the mitochondria
